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	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.fibis.org/index.php?title=Tibet_Expedition&amp;diff=39596</id>
		<title>Tibet Expedition</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.fibis.org/index.php?title=Tibet_Expedition&amp;diff=39596"/>
		<updated>2011-12-26T16:16:02Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Lairdkeir: /* External links */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{War|name=Tibet Expedition |dates=Dec 1903 – Sept 1904 |image=Tibet-flag-free.jpg |location=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet Tibet] |combatant1=British Field Force |combatant2= Tibetan Armed Forces|result=[http://tibetjustice.org/materials/treaties/treaties10.html Anglo-Tibetan Agreement of 1904] |medal=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet_Medal Tibet Medal]| category=[[:Category:Tibet Expedition|Tibet Expedition]] |link1= }}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Battlemap|war=Tibet Expedition 1903-04|link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?hl=en&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;msa=0&amp;amp;msid=101241150585833319689.000478a21a9b85b1eee21&amp;amp;ll=28.468691,89.868164&amp;amp;spn=3.515063,5.020752&amp;amp;t=p&amp;amp;z=8 }}&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;Expedition to Tibet&#039;&#039;&#039; in 1903-04, also known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Anglo-Tibet War&#039;&#039;&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Summary ==&lt;br /&gt;
At the beginning of the 20th century Britain and Russia were competing for influence in Central Asia. To counter the perceived threat, the British sent an expedition under [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Francis Younghusband] to negotiate with the Tibetans. The first excursion with Claude White, the Political Officer for Sikkim, to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khamber_Jong Khamba Jong] was rebuffed and a field force was dispatched through the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelep_La Jelep Pass]. The Tibetans were defeated at two major battles and the expedition reached Lhasa in August 1904. The Dalai Lama had fled but Younghusband forced a one-sided treaty on the regent which gave Britain trading rights in Tibet. This was later repudiated by the Tibetans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Field Forces ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;First Excursion&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;British Commissioner to Tibet: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Major Francis Younghusband]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Political Officer for Sikkim: [[Photographer#Books|J Claude White]]&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*200 [[32nd Punjab Pioneers|32nd Pioneers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*300 followers&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Tibet Mission&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;British Commissioner to Tibet: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Major Francis Younghusband]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Escort Commander: [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101034705/ Brig-Gen James Macdonald CB]&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Six Coys [[44th Gurkha Rifles|8th Gurkhas]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Kerr&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Eight Coys [[23rd Punjab Pioneers|23rd Pioneers]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Hogge&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Half Coy 2nd Sappers &#039;&#039;Maj Haycock&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Maxim gun detachment of [[9th Regiment of Foot|Norfolk Regiment]] &#039;&#039;Lt Hadow&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 7-pounder guns of 8th Gurkhas &#039;&#039;Capt Leeke&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 10 pounder guns of No 7 Mountain Battery Royal Garrison Artillery &#039;&#039;Maj Fuller&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Field Hospital&lt;br /&gt;
*Engineer Field Park&lt;br /&gt;
*Ammunition Column&lt;br /&gt;
*Telegraph, postal and survey detachments&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Later Reinforcements&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*One Wing  [[7th Regiment of Foot|Royal Fusiliers]] &#039;&#039;Col Cooper DSO&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[40th Regiment of Punjab Infantry|40th Pathans]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Campbell DSO&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[7th Regiment of Punjab Infantry|19th Punjabis]] &#039;&#039;Maj Herbert&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Three Coys Mounted Infantry &#039;&#039;Capts Otterley &amp;amp; Peterson, Maj Rowlandson&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Maxim gun detachment of [[83rd Regiment of Foot|Royal Irish Rifles]] &#039;&#039;Lt Bowen Colthurst&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 7-pounder RML guns of No 30 Mountain Battery &#039;&#039;Lt Marindin&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 10-pounder RML guns of No 27 Mountain Battery &#039;&#039;Lt Field&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Followers&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*10,000 transport drivers&lt;br /&gt;
*8,000 supply and transport coolies&lt;br /&gt;
*10,500 mules and ponies&lt;br /&gt;
*400 donkeys&lt;br /&gt;
*9,225 bullocks and yaks&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Chronology ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;First Excursion&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
{| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  19 June 1903&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling Darjeeling]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  21 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangtok Gangtok]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  26 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  Arrived at Tangu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  4 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Claude White (Sikkim Political Officer) left Tangu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mr White reached Diagong&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mr White reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khamber_Jong Khamba Dzong]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  18 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Younghusband reached Khamba Dzong&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  11 October&lt;br /&gt;
|  Younghusband left Khamba Dzong for Simla&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Mission to Lhasa&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
{| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 December 1903&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling Darjeeling]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  12 December&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the border at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelep_La Jelep Jelep La] 4267m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  14 December &lt;br /&gt;
|  Arrived at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadong_County Yadong]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 20 December&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagri Pagri]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 January 1904&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Tang La 4,521 m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  8 January&lt;br /&gt;
|  Made camp at Tuna&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  31 March&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Guru|Battle at Guru]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  9 April&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Action at Tsamdang Gorge]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  11 April  &lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached Gyantse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  Tibetan attack at Gyantse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Karo La]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  26 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Palla]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  6 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Action at Kangma]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  6 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Gyantse Dzong|Gyantse Dzong]] stormed&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  14 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left Gyantse for Lhasa&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  19 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached Nagartse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 24 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Kampa La 4,794 m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  31 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Bramaputra at Chaksam Ferry&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  4 August&lt;br /&gt;
| Reached Lhasa&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_expedition_to_Tibet British Expedition to Tibet] Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://tibettalk.wordpress.com/2008/12/18/the-younghusband-expedition/ The Younghusband Expedition] tibettalk.wordpress.com&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Francis Younghusband] Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://intotibet1903-04.blogspot.com/2008/12/2nd-rajput-mess-alipore-calcutta.html 50 Letters from Capt Mainprise] blogspot.com&lt;br /&gt;
*Book review of &#039;&#039;Duel In the Snows: The True Story of the Younghusband Mission to Lhasa&#039;&#039; by Charles Allen (2004) [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/duel-in-the-snows-by-charles-allen-570209.html &#039;&#039;The Independent&#039;&#039;].&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.tracesofevil.com/2004/12/gyantse-1904-british-liberation-of.html Scenes from the film Gyantse 1904: The British Liberation of Tibet]&lt;br /&gt;
==== Historical books on-line ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=y39xtFqUn5sC&amp;amp;pg=PA364#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false List of Officers on the Lhasa Mission] Google Books&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1beWTgMf4VUC&amp;amp;pg=PA506&amp;amp;lpg=PR506&amp;amp;dq=Chumbi&amp;amp;as_brr=3#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Chumbi&amp;amp;f=false Chronology of the Expedition] Google Books&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924023235108 &#039;&#039;India and Tibet. A History of the Relations which have Subsisted between the Two Countries from the Time of Warren Hastings to 1910; with a Particular Account of the Mission to Lhasa of 1904&#039;&#039;] by Sir Francis Younghusband KCIE. Published by John Murray 1910. Archive.org.  Another copy of this title is at [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=P7pdbiFCW80C&amp;amp;pg=PP1&amp;amp;dq=India+and+Tibet+Younghusband&amp;amp;as_brr=3#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false India &amp;amp; Tibet by Francis Younghusband] Google Books (Limited View)&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924024155206 &#039;&#039;Sikhim And Bhutan, Twenty-one Years On The North-east Frontier 1887-1908&#039;&#039;] by [[Photographer#Books|J Claude White]]. Archive.org 1909 edition.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Lhasa: An Account of the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission sent there by the English Government in the year 1903-04&#039;&#039; by Perceval Landon 1905 Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/lhasaaccountofco01land#page/n9/mode/2up  Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/stream/lhasaaccountofco02land#page/n9/mode/2up Volume 2]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/unitedservicema00pollgoog#page/n713/mode/1up &amp;quot;Across the North East Frontier&amp;quot;] by Colonel HC Wylly , page 642 &#039;&#039;The United Service Magazine Volume 29 New Series April 1904 to September 1904&#039;&#039; Archive.org&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.kingscollections.org/servingsoldier/index.php?id=390 &amp;quot;Reminiscences of Tibet&amp;quot;]. Online report by Frederick Campbell who accompanied the Younghusband Expedition to Lhasa, Tibet, 1904. King’s College London Collections:The Serving Soldier&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/greatplateaubein00rawl#page/n207/mode/2up &amp;quot;The Gartok Expedition 1904-1905&amp;quot;], page 159 &#039;&#039;The Great Plateau being an account of exploration in Central Tibet, 1903, and of the Gartok expedition, 1904-1905&#039;&#039;] by Captain C. G. Rawling 1905 Archive.org The terms of the Treaty provided that a trade mart be opened at Gartok and the expedition took place to survey the area and select a suitable location.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Minor Campaigns|Tibet Expedition]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Tibet Expedition| Tibet Expedition]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Campaigns with FIBIS Battle Maps|Tibet Expedition]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Lairdkeir</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.fibis.org/index.php?title=Tibet_Expedition&amp;diff=39566</id>
		<title>Tibet Expedition</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.fibis.org/index.php?title=Tibet_Expedition&amp;diff=39566"/>
		<updated>2011-12-25T17:06:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Lairdkeir: /* External links */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{War|name=Tibet Expedition |dates=Dec 1903 – Sept 1904 |image=Tibet-flag-free.jpg |location=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet Tibet] |combatant1=British Field Force |combatant2= Tibetan Armed Forces|result=[http://tibetjustice.org/materials/treaties/treaties10.html Anglo-Tibetan Agreement of 1904] |medal=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet_Medal Tibet Medal]| category=[[:Category:Tibet Expedition|Tibet Expedition]] |link1= }}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Battlemap|war=Tibet Expedition 1903-04|link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?hl=en&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;msa=0&amp;amp;msid=101241150585833319689.000478a21a9b85b1eee21&amp;amp;ll=28.468691,89.868164&amp;amp;spn=3.515063,5.020752&amp;amp;t=p&amp;amp;z=8 }}&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;Expedition to Tibet&#039;&#039;&#039; in 1903-04, also known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Anglo-Tibet War&#039;&#039;&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Summary ==&lt;br /&gt;
At the beginning of the 20th century Britain and Russia were competing for influence in Central Asia. To counter the perceived threat, the British sent an expedition under [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Francis Younghusband] to negotiate with the Tibetans. The first excursion with Claude White, the Political Officer for Sikkim, to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khamber_Jong Khamba Jong] was rebuffed and a field force was dispatched through the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelep_La Jelep Pass]. The Tibetans were defeated at two major battles and the expedition reached Lhasa in August 1904. The Dalai Lama had fled but Younghusband forced a one-sided treaty on the regent which gave Britain trading rights in Tibet. This was later repudiated by the Tibetans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Field Forces ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;First Excursion&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;British Commissioner to Tibet: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Major Francis Younghusband]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Political Officer for Sikkim: [[Photographer#Books|J Claude White]]&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*200 [[32nd Punjab Pioneers|32nd Pioneers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*300 followers&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Tibet Mission&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;British Commissioner to Tibet: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Major Francis Younghusband]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Escort Commander: [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101034705/ Brig-Gen James Macdonald CB]&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Six Coys [[44th Gurkha Rifles|8th Gurkhas]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Kerr&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Eight Coys [[23rd Punjab Pioneers|23rd Pioneers]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Hogge&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Half Coy 2nd Sappers &#039;&#039;Maj Haycock&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Maxim gun detachment of [[9th Regiment of Foot|Norfolk Regiment]] &#039;&#039;Lt Hadow&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 7-pounder guns of 8th Gurkhas &#039;&#039;Capt Leeke&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 10 pounder guns of No 7 Mountain Battery Royal Garrison Artillery &#039;&#039;Maj Fuller&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Field Hospital&lt;br /&gt;
*Engineer Field Park&lt;br /&gt;
*Ammunition Column&lt;br /&gt;
*Telegraph, postal and survey detachments&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Later Reinforcements&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*One Wing  [[7th Regiment of Foot|Royal Fusiliers]] &#039;&#039;Col Cooper DSO&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[40th Regiment of Punjab Infantry|40th Pathans]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Campbell DSO&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[7th Regiment of Punjab Infantry|19th Punjabis]] &#039;&#039;Maj Herbert&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Three Coys Mounted Infantry &#039;&#039;Capts Otterley &amp;amp; Peterson, Maj Rowlandson&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Maxim gun detachment of [[83rd Regiment of Foot|Royal Irish Rifles]] &#039;&#039;Lt Bowen Colthurst&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 7-pounder RML guns of No 30 Mountain Battery &#039;&#039;Lt Marindin&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 10-pounder RML guns of No 27 Mountain Battery &#039;&#039;Lt Field&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Followers&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*10,000 transport drivers&lt;br /&gt;
*8,000 supply and transport coolies&lt;br /&gt;
*10,500 mules and ponies&lt;br /&gt;
*400 donkeys&lt;br /&gt;
*9,225 bullocks and yaks&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Chronology ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;First Excursion&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
{| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  19 June 1903&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling Darjeeling]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  21 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangtok Gangtok]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  26 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  Arrived at Tangu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  4 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Claude White (Sikkim Political Officer) left Tangu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mr White reached Diagong&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mr White reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khamber_Jong Khamba Dzong]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  18 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Younghusband reached Khamba Dzong&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  11 October&lt;br /&gt;
|  Younghusband left Khamba Dzong for Simla&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Mission to Lhasa&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
{| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 December 1903&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling Darjeeling]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  12 December&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the border at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelep_La Jelep Jelep La] 4267m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  14 December &lt;br /&gt;
|  Arrived at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadong_County Yadong]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 20 December&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagri Pagri]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 January 1904&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Tang La 4,521 m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  8 January&lt;br /&gt;
|  Made camp at Tuna&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  31 March&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Guru|Battle at Guru]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  9 April&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Action at Tsamdang Gorge]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  11 April  &lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached Gyantse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  Tibetan attack at Gyantse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Karo La]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  26 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Palla]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  6 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Action at Kangma]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  6 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Gyantse Dzong|Gyantse Dzong]] stormed&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  14 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left Gyantse for Lhasa&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  19 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached Nagartse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 24 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Kampa La 4,794 m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  31 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Bramaputra at Chaksam Ferry&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  4 August&lt;br /&gt;
| Reached Lhasa&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_expedition_to_Tibet British Expedition to Tibet] Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://tibettalk.wordpress.com/2008/12/18/the-younghusband-expedition/ The Younghusband Expedition] tibettalk.wordpress.com&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Francis Younghusband] Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://intotibet1903-04.blogspot.com/2008/12/2nd-rajput-mess-alipore-calcutta.html 50 Letters from Capt Mainprise] blogspot.com&lt;br /&gt;
*Book review of &#039;&#039;Duel In the Snows: The True Story of the Younghusband Mission to Lhasa&#039;&#039; by Charles Allen (2004) [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/duel-in-the-snows-by-charles-allen-570209.html &#039;&#039;The Independent&#039;&#039;].&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N6xuZkXwR1M Trailer for Gyantse 1904: The British Liberation of Tibet] Youtube&lt;br /&gt;
==== Historical books on-line ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=y39xtFqUn5sC&amp;amp;pg=PA364#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false List of Officers on the Lhasa Mission] Google Books&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1beWTgMf4VUC&amp;amp;pg=PA506&amp;amp;lpg=PR506&amp;amp;dq=Chumbi&amp;amp;as_brr=3#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Chumbi&amp;amp;f=false Chronology of the Expedition] Google Books&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924023235108 &#039;&#039;India and Tibet. A History of the Relations which have Subsisted between the Two Countries from the Time of Warren Hastings to 1910; with a Particular Account of the Mission to Lhasa of 1904&#039;&#039;] by Sir Francis Younghusband KCIE. Published by John Murray 1910. Archive.org.  Another copy of this title is at [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=P7pdbiFCW80C&amp;amp;pg=PP1&amp;amp;dq=India+and+Tibet+Younghusband&amp;amp;as_brr=3#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false India &amp;amp; Tibet by Francis Younghusband] Google Books (Limited View)&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924024155206 &#039;&#039;Sikhim And Bhutan, Twenty-one Years On The North-east Frontier 1887-1908&#039;&#039;] by [[Photographer#Books|J Claude White]]. Archive.org 1909 edition.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Lhasa: An Account of the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission sent there by the English Government in the year 1903-04&#039;&#039; by Perceval Landon 1905 Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/lhasaaccountofco01land#page/n9/mode/2up  Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/stream/lhasaaccountofco02land#page/n9/mode/2up Volume 2]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/unitedservicema00pollgoog#page/n713/mode/1up &amp;quot;Across the North East Frontier&amp;quot;] by Colonel HC Wylly , page 642 &#039;&#039;The United Service Magazine Volume 29 New Series April 1904 to September 1904&#039;&#039; Archive.org&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.kingscollections.org/servingsoldier/index.php?id=390 &amp;quot;Reminiscences of Tibet&amp;quot;]. Online report by Frederick Campbell who accompanied the Younghusband Expedition to Lhasa, Tibet, 1904. King’s College London Collections:The Serving Soldier&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/greatplateaubein00rawl#page/n207/mode/2up &amp;quot;The Gartok Expedition 1904-1905&amp;quot;], page 159 &#039;&#039;The Great Plateau being an account of exploration in Central Tibet, 1903, and of the Gartok expedition, 1904-1905&#039;&#039;] by Captain C. G. Rawling 1905 Archive.org The terms of the Treaty provided that a trade mart be opened at Gartok and the expedition took place to survey the area and select a suitable location.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Minor Campaigns|Tibet Expedition]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Tibet Expedition| Tibet Expedition]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Campaigns with FIBIS Battle Maps|Tibet Expedition]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Lairdkeir</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.fibis.org/index.php?title=Tibet_Expedition&amp;diff=39565</id>
		<title>Tibet Expedition</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.fibis.org/index.php?title=Tibet_Expedition&amp;diff=39565"/>
		<updated>2011-12-25T17:05:31Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Lairdkeir: /* External links */&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;hr /&gt;
&lt;div&gt;{{War|name=Tibet Expedition |dates=Dec 1903 – Sept 1904 |image=Tibet-flag-free.jpg |location=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet Tibet] |combatant1=British Field Force |combatant2= Tibetan Armed Forces|result=[http://tibetjustice.org/materials/treaties/treaties10.html Anglo-Tibetan Agreement of 1904] |medal=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibet_Medal Tibet Medal]| category=[[:Category:Tibet Expedition|Tibet Expedition]] |link1= }}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Battlemap|war=Tibet Expedition 1903-04|link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?hl=en&amp;amp;ie=UTF8&amp;amp;msa=0&amp;amp;msid=101241150585833319689.000478a21a9b85b1eee21&amp;amp;ll=28.468691,89.868164&amp;amp;spn=3.515063,5.020752&amp;amp;t=p&amp;amp;z=8 }}&lt;br /&gt;
The &#039;&#039;&#039;Expedition to Tibet&#039;&#039;&#039; in 1903-04, also known as the &#039;&#039;&#039;Anglo-Tibet War&#039;&#039;&#039;. &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Summary ==&lt;br /&gt;
At the beginning of the 20th century Britain and Russia were competing for influence in Central Asia. To counter the perceived threat, the British sent an expedition under [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Francis Younghusband] to negotiate with the Tibetans. The first excursion with Claude White, the Political Officer for Sikkim, to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khamber_Jong Khamba Jong] was rebuffed and a field force was dispatched through the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelep_La Jelep Pass]. The Tibetans were defeated at two major battles and the expedition reached Lhasa in August 1904. The Dalai Lama had fled but Younghusband forced a one-sided treaty on the regent which gave Britain trading rights in Tibet. This was later repudiated by the Tibetans.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Field Forces ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;First Excursion&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;British Commissioner to Tibet: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Major Francis Younghusband]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Political Officer for Sikkim: [[Photographer#Books|J Claude White]]&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*200 [[32nd Punjab Pioneers|32nd Pioneers]]&lt;br /&gt;
*300 followers&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Tibet Mission&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;British Commissioner to Tibet: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Major Francis Younghusband]&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;Escort Commander: [http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101034705/ Brig-Gen James Macdonald CB]&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Six Coys [[44th Gurkha Rifles|8th Gurkhas]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Kerr&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Eight Coys [[23rd Punjab Pioneers|23rd Pioneers]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Hogge&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Half Coy 2nd Sappers &#039;&#039;Maj Haycock&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Maxim gun detachment of [[9th Regiment of Foot|Norfolk Regiment]] &#039;&#039;Lt Hadow&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 7-pounder guns of 8th Gurkhas &#039;&#039;Capt Leeke&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 10 pounder guns of No 7 Mountain Battery Royal Garrison Artillery &#039;&#039;Maj Fuller&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Field Hospital&lt;br /&gt;
*Engineer Field Park&lt;br /&gt;
*Ammunition Column&lt;br /&gt;
*Telegraph, postal and survey detachments&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Later Reinforcements&#039;&#039;&#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
*One Wing  [[7th Regiment of Foot|Royal Fusiliers]] &#039;&#039;Col Cooper DSO&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[40th Regiment of Punjab Infantry|40th Pathans]] &#039;&#039;Lt-Col Campbell DSO&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[7th Regiment of Punjab Infantry|19th Punjabis]] &#039;&#039;Maj Herbert&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Three Coys Mounted Infantry &#039;&#039;Capts Otterley &amp;amp; Peterson, Maj Rowlandson&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Maxim gun detachment of [[83rd Regiment of Foot|Royal Irish Rifles]] &#039;&#039;Lt Bowen Colthurst&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 7-pounder RML guns of No 30 Mountain Battery &#039;&#039;Lt Marindin&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Two 10-pounder RML guns of No 27 Mountain Battery &#039;&#039;Lt Field&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Followers&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*10,000 transport drivers&lt;br /&gt;
*8,000 supply and transport coolies&lt;br /&gt;
*10,500 mules and ponies&lt;br /&gt;
*400 donkeys&lt;br /&gt;
*9,225 bullocks and yaks&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Chronology ==&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;First Excursion&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
{| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  19 June 1903&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling Darjeeling]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  21 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gangtok Gangtok]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  26 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  Arrived at Tangu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  4 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Claude White (Sikkim Political Officer) left Tangu&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mr White reached Diagong&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mr White reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khamber_Jong Khamba Dzong]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  18 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Younghusband reached Khamba Dzong&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  11 October&lt;br /&gt;
|  Younghusband left Khamba Dzong for Simla&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&#039;&#039;&#039;Mission to Lhasa&#039;&#039;&#039;&lt;br /&gt;
{| &lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 December 1903&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Darjeeling Darjeeling]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  12 December&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the border at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelep_La Jelep Jelep La] 4267m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  14 December &lt;br /&gt;
|  Arrived at [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yadong_County Yadong]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 20 December&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagri Pagri]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 January 1904&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Tang La 4,521 m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  8 January&lt;br /&gt;
|  Made camp at Tuna&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  31 March&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Guru|Battle at Guru]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  9 April&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Action at Tsamdang Gorge]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  11 April  &lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached Gyantse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  5 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  Tibetan attack at Gyantse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  7 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Karo La]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  26 May&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Palla]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  6 June&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Action at Kangma]]&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  6 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  [[Battle of Gyantse Dzong|Gyantse Dzong]] stormed&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  14 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Mission left Gyantse for Lhasa&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  19 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Reached Nagartse&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
| 24 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Kampa La 4,794 m&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  31 July&lt;br /&gt;
|  Crossed the Bramaputra at Chaksam Ferry&lt;br /&gt;
|-&lt;br /&gt;
|  4 August&lt;br /&gt;
| Reached Lhasa&lt;br /&gt;
|}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_expedition_to_Tibet British Expedition to Tibet] Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://tibettalk.wordpress.com/2008/12/18/the-younghusband-expedition/ The Younghusband Expedition] tibettalk.wordpress.com&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Younghusband Francis Younghusband] Wikipedia&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://intotibet1903-04.blogspot.com/2008/12/2nd-rajput-mess-alipore-calcutta.html 50 Letters from Capt Mainprise] blogspot.com&lt;br /&gt;
*Book review of &#039;&#039;Duel In the Snows: The True Story of the Younghusband Mission to Lhasa&#039;&#039; by Charles Allen (2004) [http://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/duel-in-the-snows-by-charles-allen-570209.html &#039;&#039;The Independent&#039;&#039;].&lt;br /&gt;
==== Historical books on-line ====&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=y39xtFqUn5sC&amp;amp;pg=PA364#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false List of Officers on the Lhasa Mission] Google Books&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1beWTgMf4VUC&amp;amp;pg=PA506&amp;amp;lpg=PR506&amp;amp;dq=Chumbi&amp;amp;as_brr=3#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Chumbi&amp;amp;f=false Chronology of the Expedition] Google Books&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924023235108 &#039;&#039;India and Tibet. A History of the Relations which have Subsisted between the Two Countries from the Time of Warren Hastings to 1910; with a Particular Account of the Mission to Lhasa of 1904&#039;&#039;] by Sir Francis Younghusband KCIE. Published by John Murray 1910. Archive.org.  Another copy of this title is at [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=P7pdbiFCW80C&amp;amp;pg=PP1&amp;amp;dq=India+and+Tibet+Younghusband&amp;amp;as_brr=3#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=&amp;amp;f=false India &amp;amp; Tibet by Francis Younghusband] Google Books (Limited View)&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924024155206 &#039;&#039;Sikhim And Bhutan, Twenty-one Years On The North-east Frontier 1887-1908&#039;&#039;] by [[Photographer#Books|J Claude White]]. Archive.org 1909 edition.&lt;br /&gt;
*&#039;&#039;Lhasa: An Account of the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission sent there by the English Government in the year 1903-04&#039;&#039; by Perceval Landon 1905 Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/lhasaaccountofco01land#page/n9/mode/2up  Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/stream/lhasaaccountofco02land#page/n9/mode/2up Volume 2]&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/unitedservicema00pollgoog#page/n713/mode/1up &amp;quot;Across the North East Frontier&amp;quot;] by Colonel HC Wylly , page 642 &#039;&#039;The United Service Magazine Volume 29 New Series April 1904 to September 1904&#039;&#039; Archive.org&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.kingscollections.org/servingsoldier/index.php?id=390 &amp;quot;Reminiscences of Tibet&amp;quot;]. Online report by Frederick Campbell who accompanied the Younghusband Expedition to Lhasa, Tibet, 1904. King’s College London Collections:The Serving Soldier&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/greatplateaubein00rawl#page/n207/mode/2up &amp;quot;The Gartok Expedition 1904-1905&amp;quot;], page 159 &#039;&#039;The Great Plateau being an account of exploration in Central Tibet, 1903, and of the Gartok expedition, 1904-1905&#039;&#039;] by Captain C. G. Rawling 1905 Archive.org The terms of the Treaty provided that a trade mart be opened at Gartok and the expedition took place to survey the area and select a suitable location.&lt;br /&gt;
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N6xuZkXwR1M Trailer for Gyantse 1904: The British Liberation of Tibet] Youtube&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Minor Campaigns|Tibet Expedition]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Tibet Expedition| Tibet Expedition]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Campaigns with FIBIS Battle Maps|Tibet Expedition]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Lairdkeir</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>