Cinchona Plantation: Difference between revisions

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or, '''Chinchona plantation''', or '''Quinquina plantation'''.
The bark of cinchona trees was processed to produce '''quinine''',  used in  the treatment of '''malaria'''.
==External links==
==External links==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinchona Cinchona] Wikipedia.
*[http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/deptserv/rcs/cinchona.html Cinchona: A Short History] lib.cam.ac.uk
*[http://www.lib.cam.ac.uk/deptserv/rcs/cinchona.html Cinchona: A Short History] lib.cam.ac.uk
*[http://darjeeling.gov.in/cinchona.html  Cinchona] darjeeling.gov.in
*[http://darjeeling.gov.in/cinchona.html  Cinchona] darjeeling.gov.in
*[http://darjeelingnews.net/cinchona_plantation.html History of Cinchona Plantation in the Darjeeling Hills]darjeelingnews.net
*[http://darjeelingnews.net/cinchona_plantation.html History of Cinchona Plantation in the Darjeeling Hills]darjeelingnews.net
*[http://mungpoonews.blogspot.com.au/2011/08/mungpoo-cinchona-plantation-brief.html Mungpoo Cinchona Plantation- A brief History] mungpoonews.blogspot
*[http://mungpoonews.blogspot.com.au/2011/08/mungpoo-cinchona-plantation-brief.html Mungpoo Cinchona Plantation- A brief History] mungpoonews.blogspot
*"The Cultivation of Cinchona in India", page 435 ''Current Science 1939 (Volume 8) Issue 9 September 1939'' Indian Academy of Sciences  website [https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:LlPaXwd3d98J:www.ias.ac.in/jarch/currsci/8/435.pdf+cinchona+india&hl=en&gl=au&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESjXdCdZQuJsTC1o-mflXTOEuSPel7QW_6fXI8ztSM14KWtrYxadIvovfa7KjvCuZrqS-2q4KI2ZWdAvak0NbuknFQgofjnE2R8bxft4ePC3WGpKOZF7i28OUxA3_LFr9D_4sTQ6&sig=AHIEtbRA3ws5bm1mui30f7oXXwq3PB9rmQ html version], [http://www.ias.ac.in/jarch/currsci/8/435.pdf original pdf]
*[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/foreigners/2013/08/gin_and_tonic_kept_the_british_empire_healthy_the_drink_s_quinine_powder.single.html "The Imperial Cocktail: How the gin and tonic became the British Empire’s secret weapon"] by Kal Raustiala  August 28, 2013 www.slate.com
*[http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/foreigners/2013/08/gin_and_tonic_kept_the_british_empire_healthy_the_drink_s_quinine_powder.single.html "The Imperial Cocktail: How the gin and tonic became the British Empire’s secret weapon"] by Kal Raustiala  August 28, 2013 www.slate.com
===Historical books online===
===Historical books online===
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4JtXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP3 ‪''An account of the Quinquina plantations in the Island of Java''] by Fr. Jungbuhn and J. E. De Vrij. 1859 Translated from the Dutch by W. T. Fraser‬ 1861 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=4JtXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP3 ‪''An account of the Quinquina plantations in the Island of Java''] by Fr. Jungbuhn and J. E. De Vrij. 1859 Translated from the Dutch by W. T. Fraser‬ 1861 Google Books
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=VkLqAY9FGCoC&pg=PA1 ''Report on the expedition to procure seeds and plants of the Cinchona succirubra, or Red Bark tree''] by Richard Spruce 1861 Google Books
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=0pCwtHxqEuQC&pg=PA1 ''Report (to the Under Secretary of State of India) on the Expedition to procure Seeds of C. Condaminea from the Sierra de Cajanuma, near Loxa, in Ecuador''].  by Robert Cross 1861 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=iDMNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PR3  ''Travels in Peru and India: while superintending the collection of chinchona plants and seeds in South America, and their introduction into India''] by Clements Robert Markham 1862 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=iDMNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PR3  ''Travels in Peru and India: while superintending the collection of chinchona plants and seeds in South America, and their introduction into India''] by Clements Robert Markham 1862 Google Books
*[https://archive.org/details/CinchonaIntroductionIndia  ''Return: East India (Chinchona Plant). "Copy of correspondence relating to the introduction of the  Chinchona Plant into India and to Proceedings connected with its cultivation from March 1852 to March 1863"''] House of Commons 20 March 1863. Archive.org
*[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Y49eAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR1 ''Peruvian Barks'']  by Gustave Planchon. Translated from the French, 1866. Google Books. Originally published 1864 as ''Des Quinquinas'', available [http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k6138454p Gallica] gallica.bnf.fr, and [https://archive.org/details/b21297356 Archive.org]
*[https://archive.org/details/quinologyEastIn1Howa ''The Quinology of the East Indian Plantations''] by John Eliot Howard 1869 Archive.org. Includes coloured plates.
*''The Experiences of a Planter in the Jungles of Mysore'' by Robert H Elliot 1871. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=ONAMoXQpsVwC&pg=PR3 Volume I] Google Books, [https://archive.org/details/experiencesapla00elligoog/page/n8 Vol. I Archive.org] [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951p01118998b?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 Volume II] HathiTrust Digital Library. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951p01118998b?urlappend=%3Bseq=316 Health management of plantation coolies] page 290, Vol. II. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=gRs7AQAAMAAJ&pg=PR1 Vol. II Google Books]. Includes Coffee, Chinchona, Cardamon, Tea, Cotton, Silk, Sandal-Wood, Rhea-Grass.
*[https://archive.org/details/b24906682 ''A Manual of Cinchona Cultivation in India''] by George King 1876 Archive.org. [http://www.archive.org/stream/amanualcinchona00kinggoog#page/n4/mode/2up  2nd Edition 1880] Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924000273429#page/n5/mode/2up ''Peruvian bark: A popular account of the introduction of chinchona cultivation into British India. 1860-1880''] by Clements Robert Markham 1880  Archive.org  
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924000273429#page/n5/mode/2up ''Peruvian bark: A popular account of the introduction of chinchona cultivation into British India. 1860-1880''] by Clements Robert Markham 1880  Archive.org  
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924000273429#page/n7/mode/2up Page iii] indicates that it was grown in the Nilgiris and Southern India and in Sikkim and Ceylon
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924000273429#page/n7/mode/2up Page iii] indicates that it was grown in the Nilgiris and Southern India and in Sikkim and Ceylon
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/amanualcinchona00kinggoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''A Manual of Cinchona Cultivation in India''] by George King 2nd Edition 1880 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/b20411285 ''The Cinchona Planter's Manual''] by T C Owen. Printed at Colombo (A. M. & J. Ferguson) 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/prizeessayoncin00chrigoog#page/n3/mode/2up ''Prize Essay on Cinchona Cultivation Written for the Dikoya Planters' Association [Ceylon<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'' by Thomas North Christie  1883  
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/prizeessayoncin00chrigoog#page/n3/mode/2up ''Prize Essay on Cinchona Cultivation Written for the Dikoya Planters' Association [Ceylon<nowiki>]</nowiki>]'' by Thomas North Christie  1883  
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/ceylonherplanti00unkngoog#page/n9/mode/2up ''Ceylon & Her Planting Enterprize: In Tea, Cacao, Cardamoms, Cinchona, Coconut, and Areca Palms''] Published 1885 by A.M. & J. Ferguson. Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/ceylonherplanti00unkngoog#page/n9/mode/2up ''Ceylon & Her Planting Enterprize: In Tea, Cacao, Cardamoms, Cinchona, Coconut, and Areca Palms''] Published 1885 by A.M. & J. Ferguson. Archive.org
*"The Cultivation of Cinchona in India", page 435 ''Current Science 1939 (Volume 8) Issue 9 September 1939''. [http://www.currentscience.ac.in/php/toc.php?vol=008&issue=09 Scroll down to a djvu or pdf download] currentscience.ac.in. Depending on your browser, this may download to your downloads folder.
*[https://archive.org/details/EconomicPlantsOfTheNilgiris  ''Horticultural and Economic Plants of the Nilgiris''] edited by S Krishnamurthi  1953 Includes tea, coffee chinchona etc  Archive.org


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Latest revision as of 00:57, 1 July 2019

or, Chinchona plantation, or Quinquina plantation.

The bark of cinchona trees was processed to produce quinine, used in the treatment of malaria.

External links

Historical books online

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