2nd Afghan War: Difference between revisions

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*''The Second Afghan War, 1878-79-80 its causes, its conduct and its consequences'' by Colonel H.B. Hanna. Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar101hann#page/n5/mode/2up  Volume 1] 1899, [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar102hann#page/n3/mode/2up  Volume 2] 1904
*''The Second Afghan War, 1878-79-80 its causes, its conduct and its consequences'' by Colonel H.B. Hanna. Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar101hann#page/n5/mode/2up  Volume 1] 1899, [http://www.archive.org/stream/secondafghanwar102hann#page/n3/mode/2up  Volume 2] 1904
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwar02hensgoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''The Afghan War of 1879-80'']  by Howard Hensman, Special Correspondent of ''The Pioneer'' (Allahabad) and ''The Daily News'' (London).  Second Edition 1882 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwar02hensgoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''The Afghan War of 1879-80'']  by Howard Hensman, Special Correspondent of ''The Pioneer'' (Allahabad) and ''The Daily News'' (London).  Second Edition 1882 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwars18394200forbuoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''The Afghan Wars 1839-42 and 1878-80''] by Archibald Forbes 1892 (archive.org)
*[https://archive.org/details/historyofafghani031122mbp ''A History of Afghanistan Volume II''] by Brig-Gen Sir Percy Sykes 1940 Archive.org. Includes the 2nd Afghan War. [https://archive.org/stream/historyofafghani031122mbp#page/n11/mode/2up Contents]
*[https://archive.org/details/historyofafghani031122mbp ''A History of Afghanistan Volume II''] by Brig-Gen Sir Percy Sykes 1940 Archive.org. Includes the 2nd Afghan War. [https://archive.org/stream/historyofafghani031122mbp#page/n11/mode/2up Contents]
*[https://archive.org/details/frontieroverseas03indi ''Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India: Volume III Baluchistan, and the First Afghan War'']. Compiled in the Intelligence Branch, Army Headquarters India. 1910 Archive.org  Includes expeditions which were side issues of the 2nd Afghan War.
*[https://archive.org/details/frontieroverseas03indi ''Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India: Volume III Baluchistan, and the First Afghan War'']. Compiled in the Intelligence Branch, Army Headquarters India. 1910 Archive.org  Includes expeditions which were side issues of the 2nd Afghan War.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwargoughs00swyngoog#page/n10/mode/2up ''The Afghan War: Gough's Action at Futtehabad''] by Charles Swinnerton  1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwargoughs00swyngoog#page/n10/mode/2up ''The Afghan War: Gough's Action at Futtehabad''] by Charles Swinnerton  1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/kandaharin02messgoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''Kandahar in 1879: The Diary of Major Le Messurier R.E., Brigade Major R. E. with the Quetta Column''] 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.kingscollections.org/servingsoldier/collection/kabul-under-attack Kabul Under Attack]  Handwritten online letter from Gen Sir Montagu Gilbert Gerard, with detailed account of the capture of Kabul  1880 King’s College London Collections: The Serving Soldier
*[https://archive.org/stream/withkurramfield00colqgoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''With the Kurram Field Force, 1878-79''] 
by Major J. A. S. Colquhoun, R.A. With illustrations by the author. 1881 Archive.org (Maps are not copied)
*[https://archive.org/stream/withkurramfield00colqgoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''With the Kurram Field Force, 1878-79''] 
by Major J. A. S. Colquhoun, R.A. With illustrations by the author. 1881 Archive.org (Maps are not copied)
*[https://archive.org/stream/tocaubulwithcava00mitf#page/n7/mode/2up ''To Caubul with the Cavalry Brigade: 
A narrative of personal experiences with the force under General Sir F.S. Roberts 
with map and illustrations from sketches by the author''] by Major R C W Mitford XIVth Bengal Lancers 1881 Archive.org  (Map may be extended out )
*[https://archive.org/stream/tocaubulwithcava00mitf#page/n7/mode/2up ''To Caubul with the Cavalry Brigade: 
A narrative of personal experiences with the force under General Sir F.S. Roberts 
with map and illustrations from sketches by the author''] by Major R C W Mitford XIVth Bengal Lancers 1881 Archive.org  (Map may be extended out )
Line 93: Line 96:
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/kurumkabulkandah00roberich#page/n9/mode/2up ''Kurum, Kabul & Kandahar being a brief record of impressions in three campaigns under General Roberts''] by Charles Gray Robertson, Lieutenant 8th (the King’s) Regiment 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/kurumkabulkandah00roberich#page/n9/mode/2up ''Kurum, Kabul & Kandahar being a brief record of impressions in three campaigns under General Roberts''] by Charles Gray Robertson, Lieutenant 8th (the King’s) Regiment 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/recollectionska00dukegoog#page/n12/mode/2up ''Recollections of the Kabul campaign 1879 & 1880''] by Joshua Duke, Bengal Medical Service 1883 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/recollectionska00dukegoog#page/n12/mode/2up ''Recollections of the Kabul campaign 1879 & 1880''] by Joshua Duke, Bengal Medical Service 1883 Archive.org
*[http://archive.org/stream/kohatkuramandkh00thogoog#page/n8/mode/2up  ''Kohat, Kuram, and Khost; Or, Experiences and Adventures in the Late Afghan War''] by Richard Gillham-Thomsett, Surgeon, Army Medical Department 1884 Archive.org
*''The Death March Through The Khyber Pass'' by G J H Evatt  1891.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.285135 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.  More complete title details are ''Personal Recollections of the Afghan Campaigns of 1878-79-80. The “Death-march” through the Khyber Pass in the Afghan Campaign 1878-79''  by Surgeon-Major G. J. H. Evatt, A M D. Reprinted from “Journal of the United Service Institution of India,” 1890.
*''The Death March Through The Khyber Pass'' by G J H Evatt  1891.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.285135 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.  More complete title details are ''Personal Recollections of the Afghan Campaigns of 1878-79-80. The “Death-march” through the Khyber Pass in the Afghan Campaign 1878-79''  by Surgeon-Major G. J. H. Evatt, A M D. Reprinted from “Journal of the United Service Institution of India,” 1890.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/kandaharin02messgoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''Kandahar in 1879: The Diary of Major Le Messurier R.E., Brigade Major R. E. with the Quetta Column''] 1880 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/indianborderlan00holdgoog  ''The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900''] by Colonel  Sir T  Hungerford  Holdich 1901 Archive.org. Contains two chapters on the Afghan War  of 1879- 1880. The author worked  as a military surveyor.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/fromkabultokumas00will#page/10/mode/2up Afghanistan service], page 11 ''From Kabul to Kumassi: Twenty-four years of soldiering and sport'' by Brig. Gen. Sir James Willcocks 1904 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/fromkabultokumas00will#page/10/mode/2up Afghanistan service], page 11 ''From Kabul to Kumassi: Twenty-four years of soldiering and sport'' by Brig. Gen. Sir James Willcocks 1904 Archive.org
*[http://archive.org/stream/cu31924023004264#page/n61/mode/2up Afghanistan service] page 57 '' My Service Days: India, Afghanistan, Suakim '85, and China'' by Maj.-Gen. Sir Norman Stewart 1908 Archive.org The author’s father was commander of the Mooltan Division
*[http://archive.org/stream/cu31924023004264#page/n61/mode/2up Afghanistan service] page 57 '' My Service Days: India, Afghanistan, Suakim '85, and China'' by Maj.-Gen. Sir Norman Stewart 1908 Archive.org The author’s father was commander of the Mooltan Division
*[https://archive.org/stream/vestigia00repiuoft#page/50/mode/2up "The Khaibar Pass"] Chapter V page 51 ''Vestigia'' by Lieut.-Colonel Charles à Court Repington 1919. Archive.org. The author  was an officer with the 4th Battalion [[Rifle Brigade]]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_à_Court_Repington Charles à Court Repington] 1858-1925. Wikipedia.
*[https://archive.org/stream/vestigia00repiuoft#page/50/mode/2up "The Khaibar Pass"] Chapter V page 51 ''Vestigia'' by Lieut.-Colonel Charles à Court Repington 1919. Archive.org. The author  was an officer with the 4th Battalion [[Rifle Brigade]]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_à_Court_Repington Charles à Court Repington] 1858-1925. Wikipedia.
*[https://archive.org/details/myserviceinindi00vauggoog  ''My service in the Indian Army – and after''] by  General Sir John Luther Vaughan 1904 Archive.org. He joined the Bengal Army in 1841 and had to retire c 1870 as there was no position for him. At the start of the 2nd Afghan War  he became special military correspondent for the war for ''The Times''  
*[https://archive.org/details/myserviceinindi00vauggoog  ''My service in the Indian Army – and after''] by  General Sir John Luther Vaughan 1904 Archive.org. He joined the Bengal Army in 1841 and had to retire c 1870 as there was no position for him. At the start of the 2nd Afghan War  he became special military correspondent for the war for ''The Times''  
*[https://archive.org/details/indianborderlan00holdgoog  ''The Indian Borderland, 1880-1900''] by Colonel  Sir T  Hungerford  Holdich 1901 Archive.org. Contains two chapters on the Afghan War  of 1879- 1880. The author worked  as a military surveyor.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwars18394200forbuoft#page/n5/mode/2up ''The Afghan Wars 1839-42 and 1878-80''] by Archibald Forbes 1892 (archive.org)<br />
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/professionalpap02brangoog#page/n395/mode/1up "Excerpta from Notes on the Transport by Rail of Troops, Horses, Guns and War Material for the Army in Afghanistan during 1878-79"] from ''Professional papers on Indian engineering Second Series Volume 8 1879'' (archive.org)<br />
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/professionalpap02brangoog#page/n395/mode/1up "Excerpta from Notes on the Transport by Rail of Troops, Horses, Guns and War Material for the Army in Afghanistan during 1878-79"] from ''Professional papers on Indian engineering Second Series Volume 8 1879'' (archive.org)<br />
*''History of the Corps of Royal Engineers Vol II by Maj-Gen Whitworth Porter 1889'' [http://www.archive.org/stream/historycorpsroy00watsgoog#page/n61/mode/1up 2nd Afghan War] archive.org<br />
*''History of the Corps of Royal Engineers Vol II'' by Maj-Gen Whitworth Porter 1889 [http://www.archive.org/stream/historycorpsroy00watsgoog#page/n61/mode/1up 2nd Afghan War] archive.org<br />
*''Colburn's United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal 1880 Part 3'' Archive.org
*''Colburn's United Service Magazine and Naval and Military Journal 1880 Part 3'' Archive.org
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/unitedservicema02pollgoog#page/n90/mode/1up "Our Blunders in Afghanistan"]  by M Laing Meason page 79  
**[http://www.archive.org/stream/unitedservicema02pollgoog#page/n90/mode/1up "Our Blunders in Afghanistan"]  by M Laing Meason page 79  
Line 110: Line 112:
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/bulletinsandoth17unkngoog#page/n67/mode/2up  "Operations  10 September 1879 until the entry to Kabul on 13 October 1879"] pages 52- 128  ''Bulletins and Other State Intelligence Compiled and Arranged from the Official Documents Published in the London Gazette  for the Year 1880: Part 1 January to June'' Originally from the London Gazette 16 January 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/bulletinsandoth17unkngoog#page/n67/mode/2up  "Operations  10 September 1879 until the entry to Kabul on 13 October 1879"] pages 52- 128  ''Bulletins and Other State Intelligence Compiled and Arranged from the Official Documents Published in the London Gazette  for the Year 1880: Part 1 January to June'' Originally from the London Gazette 16 January 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/bulletinsandoth17unkngoog#page/n571/mode/2up/search/  "Operations at Kabul 8-24 December 1879"], pages 556- 672  ''Bulletins and Other State Intelligence Compiled and Arranged from the Official Documents Published in the London Gazette  for the Year 1880: Part 1 January to June'' Originally from the London Gazette 4 May 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/bulletinsandoth17unkngoog#page/n571/mode/2up/search/  "Operations at Kabul 8-24 December 1879"], pages 556- 672  ''Bulletins and Other State Intelligence Compiled and Arranged from the Official Documents Published in the London Gazette  for the Year 1880: Part 1 January to June'' Originally from the London Gazette 4 May 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.kingscollections.org/servingsoldier/collection/kabul-under-attack Kabul Under Attack]  Handwritten online letter from Gen Sir Montagu Gilbert Gerard, with detailed account of the capture of Kabul  1880 King’s College London Collections: The Serving Soldier
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwarspeechd00cran#page/n3/mode/2up  ''The Afghan War a speech delivered in the House of Lords by the Right Hon. Viscount Cranbrook, (Secretary of State for India), on Monday, December 9th, 1878'']
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/afghanwarspeechd00cran#page/n3/mode/2up  ''The Afghan War a speech delivered in the House of Lords by the Right Hon. Viscount Cranbrook, (Secretary of State for India), on Monday, December 9th, 1878'']
*''The Eastern question from the Treaty of Paris 1836 to the Treaty of Berlin 1878 and to the Second Afghan War'' by the Duke of Argyll 1879 Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/easternquestionf01argyuoft#page/n7/mode/2up  Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/stream/easternquestionf02argyuoft#page/n9/mode/2up  Volume 2]
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/causesafghanwar00commgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Causes of the Afghan War: Being a Selection of The Papers Laid Before Parliament with a Connecting Narrative and Comment''] 1879 Archive.org. Note that some of the initial pages appear to be missing. A complete copy of this book is available [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.278634 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India, but probably the first book file is better overall.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/causesafghanwar00commgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Causes of the Afghan War: Being a Selection of The Papers Laid Before Parliament with a Connecting Narrative and Comment''] 1879 Archive.org. Note that some of the initial pages appear to be missing. A complete copy of this book is available [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.278634 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India, but probably the first book file is better overall.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/lordlyttonafghan00east#page/n5/mode/2up    ''Lord Lytton and the Afghan War''] by Captain W. J. Eastwick Third Edition 1879 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/lordlyttonafghan00east#page/n5/mode/2up    ''Lord Lytton and the Afghan War''] by Captain W. J. Eastwick Third Edition 1879 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/ourafghanpolicyo00bdbdrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''Our Afghan policy and the occupation of Candahar''] by D.B. 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/ourafghanpolicyo00bdbdrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''Our Afghan policy and the occupation of Candahar''] by D.B. 1880 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/lifecareerofmajo00deykrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''The life and career of Major Sir Louis Cavagnari, C. S. I., K. C. B., British envoy at Cabul with a brief outline of the Second Afghan War'']. Compiled by Kally Prosono Dey 1881 Archive.org
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/lifecareerofmajo00deykrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''The life and career of Major Sir Louis Cavagnari, C. S. I., K. C. B., British envoy at Cabul with a brief outline of the Second Afghan War'']. Compiled by Kally Prosono Dey 1881 Archive.org
*''The Eastern question from the Treaty of Paris 1836 to the Treaty of Berlin 1878 and to the Second Afghan War'' by the Duke of Argyll 1879 Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/easternquestionf01argyuoft#page/n7/mode/2up  Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/stream/easternquestionf02argyuoft#page/n9/mode/2up  Volume 2]
*[http://archive.org/stream/kohatkuramandkh00thogoog#page/n8/mode/2up  ''Kohat, Kuram, and Khost; Or, Experiences and Adventures in the Late Afghan War''] by Richard Gillham-Thomsett, Surgeon, Army Medical Department 1884 Archive.org
*[http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Afghanistan: a Short Account of Afghanistan, its History, and our Dealings with it. In Two Volumes. Second Edition with a Map and Additional Volume, bringing the History of the Afghan Question down to 1885''] by Philip F Walker (Barrister-At-Law, late 75th Regt) 1885 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n172/mode/2up  Volume 2, same digital file]. [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n166/mode/2up Index to Volume 1],  [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n240/mode/2up Index to Volume 2] (numbered separately)
*[http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Afghanistan: a Short Account of Afghanistan, its History, and our Dealings with it. In Two Volumes. Second Edition with a Map and Additional Volume, bringing the History of the Afghan Question down to 1885''] by Philip F Walker (Barrister-At-Law, late 75th Regt) 1885 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n172/mode/2up  Volume 2, same digital file]. [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n166/mode/2up Index to Volume 1],  [http://archive.org/stream/afghanistanasho00walkgoog#page/n240/mode/2up Index to Volume 2] (numbered separately)
*  ''Through the Khyber Pass'' by Rev J. Gregson 1883. Full title: ''Through the Khyber Pass to Sherpore Camp, Cabul. An account of Temperance Work among our soldiers in the Cabul Field Force''.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.91465 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.
*  ''Through the Khyber Pass'' by Rev J. Gregson 1883. Full title: ''Through the Khyber Pass to Sherpore Camp, Cabul. An account of Temperance Work among our soldiers in the Cabul Field Force''.  [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.91465 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.

Revision as of 23:24, 23 December 2019

2nd Afghan War
1878-80
Chronological list of Wars and Campaigns
[[Image:|250px| ]]
Location: Afghanistan
Combatants:
British and Indians Afghanistan
Result:
British took control of Afghan foreign relations
Border areas ceded to Britain
Medals:
The Afghanistan Medal 1878-1880
Clasps: Ali Musjid, Peiwar Kotal, Charasia, Ahmed Khel and Kandahar
Kabul to Khandahar Star 1880
Links:
Category: 2nd Afghan War
General Browne's March from Peshawar to Gandamak
General Roberts' March to Ali Kheyl
General Stewart's March to Kandahar
General Roberts' March to Kabul
General Stewart's March to Kabul
General Roberts' March from Kabul to Kandahar
See our interactive map of
2nd Afghan War: First Phase
locations and routes on Google Maps
See our interactive map of
2nd Afghan War: Second Phase
locations and routes on Google Maps
See our interactive map of
2nd Afghan War: Third Phase
locations and routes on Google Maps


The 2nd Anglo-Afghan War 1878-80 came about because the British were concerned over Tsarist Russian expansion and tried to get the Afghan Amir Sher Ali to agree to a diplomatic mission to Kabul. When this was refused but a Russian mission admitted, the British invaded from three directions. With the country occupied, Sher Ali's son Yakoub Khan signed the Treaty of Gandamak in May 1879. The British forces withdrew but an uprising in Kabul led to the murder of the British Resident Sir Pierre Cavagnari. This provoked a second invasion by the British under Major General Sir Frederick Roberts and the occupation of Kabul following the Battle of Charasia in October 1879. The Afghans were again defeated at the Siege of Sherpur Cantonment in December. A further revolt led to the defeat of the British at the Battle of Maiwand in July 1880 following which Kandahar was besieged. Roberts led a force from Kabul to defeat the Afghans under Ayub Khan at the Battle of Baba Wullee. The Treaty of Gandamak was confirmed and the British withdrew.

Chronology of events

Biographies

Entries in the Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906 and Dictionary of National Biography 1912
Henry Abadie (1841-1915)
Ayub Khan (1849-?)
Thomas Baker (1837-1893)
Robert Onesiphorus Bright (1823-1896)
Samuel Browne (1824-1901)
Pierre Cavagnari (1841-1879)
Mortimer Durand (1850-1924)
Charles Gough (1832-1912)
Herbert Taylor Macpherson (1827-1886)
William Godfrey Dunham Massy (1838-1906)
Charles Palliser (1830-1895)
Frederick Roberts (1824-1914)
Robert Sandeman (1835-1892)
Sher Ali (1842-1872?)
Donald Stewart (1824-1900)

Also see

External Links

Maps

Historical books online

The same content was issued under the title The Second Afghan War, 1878-80: Abridged Official Account produced in the Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters, India 1908 Archive.org. Note: Part of the latter filming is unsatisfactory, with text missing from the sides of some pages, and some of the illustrations have not been filmed.
Also available as a pdf download PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset.
The six volume The Second Afghan War compiled and collated by and under the orders of Sir C. M. MacGregor, published 1885-1886 as "Strictly confidential", on which the Abridged Official Account was based, is available at the British Library UIN: BLL01012490881, or IOR/L/MIL/17/14/29 (parts 2-6 only).
London Gazette and the Gazette of India

The London Gazette may be searched online for official correspondence relating to operations in Afghanistan. As examples, the following correspondence been noted for 1880 (there may be other correspondence).

The Gazette of India also contains some official correspondence relating to operations in Afghanistan which is not mentioned in the London Gazette. See Newspapers and journals online-Gazette of India for some online editions. Also available at the British Library . As an example, the Gazette of India for the period September-December 1880 has an entry dated 11 September 1880 concerning Major W Jacob of the 19th Bombay Native Infantry and the march to Chaman 29-30th July 1880. This account is now available at Archive.org, pages 440-442.

Fiction
  • The Far Pavilions by M.M. Kaye 1978. "...a 1,000 page epic of war and romance set in 19th century India; the book sold in its millions and was adapted for television in 1984..."
Archive.org version; Archive.org Lending Library edition in two volumes: Volume 1, Volume 2
Obituary: The Telegraph 31 January 2004