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Information relating to '''Portuguese''' ancestors in India. | |||
== Brief history == | |||
"The Portuguese, in the form of Vasco da Gama and his men, first arrived in India at Calicut in 1498. Vasco da Gama told the first Indians that he met that he came to seek 'Christians and spices'. The Portuguese quickly established sea ports on the Malabar coast, and by virtue of their superior seapower, managed to divert most of the European spice trade onto their own vessels. | "The Portuguese, in the form of Vasco da Gama and his men, first arrived in India at Calicut in 1498. Vasco da Gama told the first Indians that he met that he came to seek 'Christians and spices'. The Portuguese quickly established sea ports on the Malabar coast, and by virtue of their superior seapower, managed to divert most of the European spice trade onto their own vessels. | ||
In 1510, Affonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur and made it the capital of the Portuguese eastern empire. A seond important centre for the Portuguese in India was Diu in Gujarat. The Portuguese would not tolerate any faith but their own, and would not allow any Hindu temples in Goa. They introduced the Inquisition in 1560 and persecuted the Syrian Christians of Malabar. Albuquerque encouraged mixed marriages between Portuguese men and Indian women, with the intention that a race would be created with Portuguese blood and Catholic culture, along with loyalty to the home of their paternal ancestors. This would form a permanent self-perpetuating garrison. | In 1510, Affonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur and made it the capital of the Portuguese eastern empire. A seond important centre for the Portuguese in India was Diu in Gujarat. The Portuguese would not tolerate any faith but their own, and would not allow any Hindu temples in Goa. They introduced the Inquisition in 1560 and persecuted the Syrian Christians of Malabar. Albuquerque encouraged mixed marriages between Portuguese men and Indian women, with the intention that a race would be created with Portuguese blood and Catholic culture, along with loyalty to the home of their paternal ancestors. This would form a permanent self-perpetuating garrison. | ||
The Portuguese were very successful commercially, for about a century. Then in 1580, Portugal itself was taken over by Spain, which was involved in long and costly wars with the English and Dutch. Portuguese resources waned and their maritime supremacy in India was challenged by the English. In 1612, the English East India Company defeated the Portuguese off Surat. In 1618, the English made an agreement with the Mughals to protect sea traffic from the Portuguese in return for important trading privileges. In 1622, the English East India Company's maritime arm defeated the Portuguese at the strong point of Ormuz in the Persian Gulf, and the Portuguese then became a minor political and commercial force in India. They retained control of Goa until 1950, when the Indian Army forcibly united Goa with the rest of independent India. " | The Portuguese were very successful commercially, for about a century. Then in 1580, Portugal itself was taken over by Spain, which was involved in long and costly wars with the English and Dutch. Portuguese resources waned and their maritime supremacy in India was challenged by the English. In 1612, the English East India Company defeated the Portuguese off Surat. In 1618, the English made an agreement with the Mughals to protect sea traffic from the Portuguese in return for important trading privileges. In 1622, the English East India Company's maritime arm defeated the Portuguese at the strong point of Ormuz in the Persian Gulf, and the Portuguese then became a minor political and commercial force in India. They retained control of Goa until 1950, when the Indian Army forcibly united Goa with the rest of independent India."<ref>Spear, Percival ''A History of India'' (Volume Two) (1978) by pp.62-67 </ref> | ||
==Places associated with the Portuguese== | |||
*[[Bombay (City)|Bombay]] | |||
*[[Calicut]] | |||
*[[Cannanore]] | |||
*[[Cochin]] | |||
*[[Goa]] including [[Marmagao]] | |||
== Church Records == | |||
'''See also general article: [[Church records]]''' | |||
If your ancestors were baptised, married or buried in a European church in [[British India]], then the church records should have been transcribed and sent to the capital of the Presidency, where they would later have been forwarded on to London. These records were indexed and about 80% of church records in British India are believed to have survived. You can access these records at the [[APAC]] in the [[British Library]] in London, or at LDS [[Family History Centres]]. The FIBIS website has extensive information on locating [[church records]] on microfilm for British India. | |||
However, your Portuguese ancestors may not have lived in British India (i.e. that portion of India that was controlled by the British - this grew from a very small area in 1600 to almost all of India by 1947). In this case, the church records will not be kept at the British Library. | |||
Pauline McGregor Currien has transcribed indexes to baptisms in the [http://web.archive.org/web/20070515051155/users.rootsweb.com/~indwgw/lisbon.htm British Factory at Lisbon, Portugal 1721-1807]. | |||
Some Portuguese church records have been microfilmed by the [[LDS]] and are available at | ===LDS=== | ||
Some Portuguese church records have been microfilmed by the [[LDS]] and are available at LDS [[Family History Centres]]. Records of visits by the Archbishop of Goa or his representative to review the spiritual affairs of each parish and its members, 1747-1927, are available on two microfilms numbered '''1566354''' and '''1566355'''. | |||
The LDS have also microfilmed records of 146 locations within Goa. These are listed | The LDS have also microfilmed records of 146 locations within Goa. These are listed under [[Goa Church Records]]. | ||
===FIBIS resources=== | |||
*[http://www.search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=123&s_id=127 St. Thomas' Mount Portuguese Mission Church] transcription of Baptism Registers 1751 - 1880 | |||
==Other Records== | ==Other Records== | ||
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924074416581#page/n3/mode/2up ''Report to the Secretary of State for India in Council on the Portuguese records relating to the East Indies, contained in the Archivo da Torre do Tombo, and the public libraries at Lisbon and Evora''] by Frederick Charles Danvers, 1892 Archive.org | *[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924074416581#page/n3/mode/2up ''Report to the Secretary of State for India in Council on the Portuguese records relating to the East Indies, contained in the Archivo da Torre do Tombo, and the public libraries at Lisbon and Evora''] by Frederick Charles Danvers, 1892 Archive.org | ||
== Books == | == Books == | ||
{{Template:Origin|text=The following books relating to the Portuguese in India were recommended by Cathy Day's ''Family History in India'' site, kindly transferred to our wiki}} | |||
*''The Portuguese in India'' (New Cambridge History of India Volume One) by Michael Naylor Pearson. Hardcover edition (1988). | |||
*''Albuquerque and Early Portuguese Settlement in India'' by H. Morse Stephens. Hardcover reprint edition (2000). | |||
*''Bibliography of Goa and the Portuguese in India'' by Henry Scholberg. Hardcover edition (1982). | |||
*''The Portuguese in India'' by Frederick C. Danvers. Hardcover reprint edition (1988). [http://www.archive.org/stream/portugueseinindi015750mbp#page/n1/mode/2up ''The Portuguese In India Being A History Of The Rise And Decline Of Their Eastern Empire. Volume 1''] by Frederick Charles Danvers 1894 Archive,org. Please note this volume is incomplete and only contains the first 160 pages. [http://www.archive.org/stream/portugueseinindi02danv#page/n7/mode/2up ''Volume 2''] | |||
==References== | |||
<references /> | |||
==External links== | |||
*[http://www.colonialvoyage.com/ Dutch and Portuguese Colonial Possessions in Asia 1498-1961] - Marco Ramerini has compiled a collection of Portuguese Colonial History Links and has an extensive site. | |||
[[Category:Non-British Ancestors]] | [[Category:Non-British Ancestors]] | ||
Revision as of 21:07, 2 March 2010
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Information relating to Portuguese ancestors in India.
Brief history
"The Portuguese, in the form of Vasco da Gama and his men, first arrived in India at Calicut in 1498. Vasco da Gama told the first Indians that he met that he came to seek 'Christians and spices'. The Portuguese quickly established sea ports on the Malabar coast, and by virtue of their superior seapower, managed to divert most of the European spice trade onto their own vessels.
In 1510, Affonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Sultan of Bijapur and made it the capital of the Portuguese eastern empire. A seond important centre for the Portuguese in India was Diu in Gujarat. The Portuguese would not tolerate any faith but their own, and would not allow any Hindu temples in Goa. They introduced the Inquisition in 1560 and persecuted the Syrian Christians of Malabar. Albuquerque encouraged mixed marriages between Portuguese men and Indian women, with the intention that a race would be created with Portuguese blood and Catholic culture, along with loyalty to the home of their paternal ancestors. This would form a permanent self-perpetuating garrison.
The Portuguese were very successful commercially, for about a century. Then in 1580, Portugal itself was taken over by Spain, which was involved in long and costly wars with the English and Dutch. Portuguese resources waned and their maritime supremacy in India was challenged by the English. In 1612, the English East India Company defeated the Portuguese off Surat. In 1618, the English made an agreement with the Mughals to protect sea traffic from the Portuguese in return for important trading privileges. In 1622, the English East India Company's maritime arm defeated the Portuguese at the strong point of Ormuz in the Persian Gulf, and the Portuguese then became a minor political and commercial force in India. They retained control of Goa until 1950, when the Indian Army forcibly united Goa with the rest of independent India."[1]
Places associated with the Portuguese
Church Records
See also general article: Church records
If your ancestors were baptised, married or buried in a European church in British India, then the church records should have been transcribed and sent to the capital of the Presidency, where they would later have been forwarded on to London. These records were indexed and about 80% of church records in British India are believed to have survived. You can access these records at the APAC in the British Library in London, or at LDS Family History Centres. The FIBIS website has extensive information on locating church records on microfilm for British India.
However, your Portuguese ancestors may not have lived in British India (i.e. that portion of India that was controlled by the British - this grew from a very small area in 1600 to almost all of India by 1947). In this case, the church records will not be kept at the British Library.
Pauline McGregor Currien has transcribed indexes to baptisms in the British Factory at Lisbon, Portugal 1721-1807.
LDS
Some Portuguese church records have been microfilmed by the LDS and are available at LDS Family History Centres. Records of visits by the Archbishop of Goa or his representative to review the spiritual affairs of each parish and its members, 1747-1927, are available on two microfilms numbered 1566354 and 1566355.
The LDS have also microfilmed records of 146 locations within Goa. These are listed under Goa Church Records.
FIBIS resources
- St. Thomas' Mount Portuguese Mission Church transcription of Baptism Registers 1751 - 1880
Other Records
- Report to the Secretary of State for India in Council on the Portuguese records relating to the East Indies, contained in the Archivo da Torre do Tombo, and the public libraries at Lisbon and Evora by Frederick Charles Danvers, 1892 Archive.org
Books
| The following books relating to the Portuguese in India were recommended by Cathy Day's Family History in India site, kindly transferred to our wiki |
- The Portuguese in India (New Cambridge History of India Volume One) by Michael Naylor Pearson. Hardcover edition (1988).
- Albuquerque and Early Portuguese Settlement in India by H. Morse Stephens. Hardcover reprint edition (2000).
- Bibliography of Goa and the Portuguese in India by Henry Scholberg. Hardcover edition (1982).
- The Portuguese in India by Frederick C. Danvers. Hardcover reprint edition (1988). The Portuguese In India Being A History Of The Rise And Decline Of Their Eastern Empire. Volume 1 by Frederick Charles Danvers 1894 Archive,org. Please note this volume is incomplete and only contains the first 160 pages. Volume 2
References
- ↑ Spear, Percival A History of India (Volume Two) (1978) by pp.62-67
External links
- Dutch and Portuguese Colonial Possessions in Asia 1498-1961 - Marco Ramerini has compiled a collection of Portuguese Colonial History Links and has an extensive site.