2nd Afghan War: Difference between revisions
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The '''2nd Anglo-Afghan War 1878-80''' came about because the British were concerned over Tsarist Russian expansion and tried to get the Afghan Amir [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sher_Ali_Khan Sher Ali] to agree to a diplomatic mission to [[Kabul]]. When this was refused but a Russian mission admitted, the British invaded from three directions. With the country occupied, Sher Ali's son [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Yaqub_Khan Yakoub Khan] signed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Gandamak Treaty of Gandamak] in May 1879. The British forces withdrew but an uprising in Kabul led to the murder of the British Resident [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Louis_Napoleon_Cavagnari Sir Pierre Cavagnari]. This provoked a second invasion by the British under [ | The '''2nd Anglo-Afghan War 1878-80''' came about because the British were concerned over Tsarist Russian expansion and tried to get the Afghan Amir [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sher_Ali_Khan Sher Ali] to agree to a diplomatic mission to [[Kabul]]. When this was refused but a Russian mission admitted, the British invaded from three directions. With the country occupied, Sher Ali's son [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammad_Yaqub_Khan Yakoub Khan] signed the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Gandamak Treaty of Gandamak] in May 1879. The British forces withdrew but an uprising in Kabul led to the murder of the British Resident [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Louis_Napoleon_Cavagnari Sir Pierre Cavagnari]. This provoked a second invasion by the British under [[Frederick Roberts|Major General Sir Frederick Roberts]] and the occupation of Kabul following the [[Battle of Charasia]] in October 1879. The Afghans were again defeated at the [[Siege of Sherpur Cantonment]] in December. A further revolt led to the defeat of the British at the [[Battle of Maiwand]] in July 1880 following which Kandahar was besieged. Roberts led a force from Kabul to defeat the Afghans under [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(Afghan_commander) Ayub Khan] at the [[Battle of Baba Wullee]]. The Treaty of Gandamak was confirmed and the British withdrew. | ||
==Chronology of events== | ==Chronology of events== | ||
Revision as of 16:19, 2 May 2011
| 2nd Afghan War | |
|---|---|
| 1878-80 | |
| Chronological list of Wars and Campaigns | |
| [[Image:|250px| ]] | |
| Location: Afghanistan | |
| Combatants: | |
| British and Indians | Afghanistan |
| Result: British took control of Afghan foreign relations Border areas ceded to Britain | |
| Medals: The Afghanistan Medal 1878-1880 Clasps: Ali Musjid, Peiwar Kotal, Charasia, Ahmed Khel and Kandahar Kabul to Khandahar Star 1880 | |
| Links: | |
| Category: 2nd Afghan War | |
| General Browne's March from Peshawar to Gandamak General Roberts' March to Ali Kheyl General Stewart's March to Kandahar General Roberts' March to Kabul General Stewart's March to Kabul General Roberts' March from Kabul to Kandahar | |
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See our interactive map of 2nd Afghan War: First Phase locations and routes on Google Maps | |
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See our interactive map of 2nd Afghan War: Second Phase locations and routes on Google Maps | |
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See our interactive map of 2nd Afghan War: Third Phase locations and routes on Google Maps | |
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The 2nd Anglo-Afghan War 1878-80 came about because the British were concerned over Tsarist Russian expansion and tried to get the Afghan Amir Sher Ali to agree to a diplomatic mission to Kabul. When this was refused but a Russian mission admitted, the British invaded from three directions. With the country occupied, Sher Ali's son Yakoub Khan signed the Treaty of Gandamak in May 1879. The British forces withdrew but an uprising in Kabul led to the murder of the British Resident Sir Pierre Cavagnari. This provoked a second invasion by the British under Major General Sir Frederick Roberts and the occupation of Kabul following the Battle of Charasia in October 1879. The Afghans were again defeated at the Siege of Sherpur Cantonment in December. A further revolt led to the defeat of the British at the Battle of Maiwand in July 1880 following which Kandahar was besieged. Roberts led a force from Kabul to defeat the Afghans under Ayub Khan at the Battle of Baba Wullee. The Treaty of Gandamak was confirmed and the British withdrew.
Chronology of events
- Nov 1878 General Roberts' March to Ali Kheyl
- 2 Dec Battle of Peiwar Kotal
- 21 Nov Battle of Ali Masjid Fort 1878
- 21 Dec Battle of Jagdalak
- 2 Apr 79 Battle of Futtehabad
- Dec 1878 General Stewart's March to Kandahar
- 3 Sep 1879 The Murder of Cavagnari
- Oct 1879 General Roberts' March to Kabul
- 6 Oct Battle of Charasia
- 11 Dec Battle of Killa Kazee
- 13 Dec Battle of Takht-I-Shah
- 14 Dec Battle of Asmai Heights
- 15 Dec Siege of Sherpur Cantonment
- 23 Dec Battle of Kabul 1879
- Mar 1880 General Stewart's March to Kabul
- 19 Apr Battle of Ahmad Khel
- 23 Apr Battle of Urzoo
- 27 July 1880 Battle of Maiwand
- Aug 1880 General Roberts' March from Kabul to Kandahar
Biographies
Entries in the Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906 and Dictionary of National Biography 1912
Henry Abadie (1841-1915)
Ayub Khan (1849-?)
Thomas Baker (1837-1893)
Robert Onesiphorus Bright (1823-1896)
Samuel Browne (1824-1901)
Pierre Cavagnari (1841-1879)
Mortimer Durand (1850-1924)
Charles Gough (1832-1912)
Herbert Taylor Macpherson (1827-1886)
William Godfrey Dunham Massy (1838-1906)
Charles Palliser (1830-1895)
Frederick Roberts (1824-1914)
Robert Sandeman (1835-1892)
Sher Ali (1842-1872?)
Donald Stewart (1824-1900)
Also see
External Links
- Chronology Google Books
- Second Anglo-Afghan War Wikipedia
- 2nd Afghan War 1878-80 The British Empire website
- The Second Anglo-Afghan War Garen Ewing's comprehensive site including:
- The Afghan War Database Project - a searchable database of 900+ soldiers who took part in the war. Many entries include biographical details, some have photographs.
- Map of Afghanistan - showing the principal locations in 1880
- Information about the book Maiwand: The Last Stand of the 66th (Berkshire) Regiment in Afghanistan, 1880 by Richard J. Stacpoole-Ryding. This book may be bought from the FIBIS Shop through Amazon.co.uk
- 66th Berkshires in the Campaign history.farmersboys.com
- Suffolk Record Office, Bury St Edmunds has many photographs and documents relating to the time the Suffolk regiment were serving in India during the 2nd Afghan War. Details of what is held in the Suffolk Regiment Archive can be found in their Suffolk Regiment Archives leaflet and their Photographic Collections leaflet
- Photo of Amir Yakub Khan and Major Cavagnari Wikipedia
- British Victorian War Medals www.acepilots.com
- Afghanistan 1878-1880: Sources in the India Office Records British Library
Historical books online
The Second Afghan War, 1878-80: Abridged Official Account produced in the Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters, India 1908 (archive.org)
The Afghan Wars 1839-42 and 1878-80 by Archibald Forbes 1892 (archive.org)
"Excerpta from Notes on the Transport by Rail of Troops, Horses, Guns and War Material for the Army in Afghanistan during 1878-79" from Professional papers on Indian engineering Second Series Volume 8 1879 (archive.org)
History of the Corps of Royal Engineers Vol II by Maj-Gen Whitworth Porter 1889 2nd Afghan War archive.org