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A''part Apart from the above, PSMT has not been mentioned in any official documents of that period in India.''
==Further Information==
See pages ''' [[Monorail Systems in India]]''' and '''[[Ewing System Monorail]]'''
Major Revision with extra information, links and references
[[File:Patiala State Monorail Trainways.png|thumb|'''Patiala State Monorail Trainways''' <br>Map from [http://www.irfca.org/members/ddickens/PSMTArticle.pdf ‘The Railway Magazine’, February 1969, “An Indian “Might Be” by H.R.Ambler pages 72-76, reproduced by IRFCA (Indian Railways Fan Club)] ]]
The '''Patiala State Monorail Trainways'''(PSMT) was a unique rail-guided, partially road-borne railways system running in [[Patiala]] from 1907 to 1927. The monorail used the [[Ewing System Monorail|Ewing System]] and was constructed and operated by the Bombay firm of ‘Marsland, Price & Company’ <ref name=RailMagAmbler>[http://www.irfca.org/members/ddickens/PSMTArticle.pdf ‘The Railway Magazine’, February 1969, “An Indian “Might Be” Might-have-been” by H.R.Ambler pages 72-76, reproduced by IRFCA (Indian Railways Fan Club)]; Retrieved on 18 May 2017</ref>
Maharaja Sir Bhupinder Singh of the [[Princely states|Princely ]][[Patiala State]] had this unique railway system constructed to facilitate movement of people and goods in his state. The chief engineer of this project was Colonel [[C W Bowles]] who had earlier successfully used a monorail based on [[Ewing System Monorail|Ewing System]] (designed by William Thorold) during his stint as engineer for the [[Bengal-Nagpur Railway]] when responsible for the [[Bengal-Nagpur Railway Kharagpur Construction Monorail|Construction works at Kharagpur ]] used for transportation of construction materials . Colonel [[C W Bowles|Bowles]] was made chief Engineer for the PSMT project. One of the objects of PSMT was to make use of the 560 mules being maintained by Patiala State. Apart from mules, bullocks were also used to haul the monorail before introduction of steam locomotives on the route of PSMT <ref name=RailMagAmbler/>.
==PSMT Lines==
The total distance covered by PSMT was 50 miles (80 km). PSMT was run on two unconnected lines. The lines were constructed by the firm of Marsland and Price, based in Bombay.
*[[Sirhind]] to [[Morinda]], a distance of 15 miles (24 km). At [[Sirhind]] there was a connection to the [[North Western Railway]] ‘Ambala-Ludiana SectionMainline’ and the line was opened as far as [[Basi]], 5 miles(8km) by 1908 <ref name=Gazett>[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V07_101.gif "Imperial Gazetteer of India, v. 7, p. 95. Basi"]; Retrieved 18 May 2017</ref>. The line was then extended to reach [[Morinda]]. It was proposed to extend this line to [[Ropar]] but since Ropar was connected by a railway line, this idea was abandoned. *[[Patiala]] to [[Sunam]], a distance of 35 40 miles(56 km) via [[Bhawanigarhfollowing the good road on which there was a constant bullock cart traffic in passengers and freight. Most of the traffic transferred to the monorail line, which, although used animal traction, was smoother and more comfortable. The road was mainly on a raised embankment to keep it clear when the surrounding land was flooded. The embankment was about 20ft (6 metres) wide at road level with a 8ft(2.4m) centre strip, 5 milesleaving soft shoulders on each side of about 6ft(8km1.8m) from [[Sirhind]] where there . The monorail was a connection to laid on one of these shoulders so that the balancing wheels ran along the edge of the metalled surface, leaving the [[North Western Railway]]rest clear for other traffic <ref name=JohnDay> “Railway World” February 1962 Vol 23 No 261, pages 52-53 & 66. ‘An Indian Monorail: The Ewing System in Patiala’ by John R Day. Published by Ian Allen & Co.</ref>. A letter by [[C W Bowles|Colonel Bowles ]] to a Mr. Ambler described the route of Patiala-Sunam line as starting from goods yard of [[North Western Railway]] (NWR) at Patiala. The PSMT then crossed the main railway line at a road level crossing nearby. It then went through the walled city towards City and then took a turn north towards the cantonment. Then it travelled along the main road to [[Bhawanigarh]] and then [[Sunam]] <ref>”An Indian Monorail : The Ewing System in Patiala” by John R. Day, Railway World Volume 23 Feb 1962 pp52 – 53 & 66<name=Ambler/ref>.
==Published Information==''The published information about PSMT is very limited:-''
*The 1908 edition of the [[Imperial Gazetteer of India]] <ref name=Gazett/> in which there was a brief mention. The gazetteer simply stated that "a mono-rail tramway, opened in February, 1907, connects [[Basi]] with the railway at [[Sirhind]]".
*The pre-opening examination report carried out by the NWR in December 1908 reported that the line was to be worked by mule power to start but ‘two steam .. and one .. petrol monorail engines had been ordered’. The report also confirmed that the line between ‘Sirhind and Bassi, a distance of 6 miles(9.6km) had been completed’ and it had four passenger vehicles and 30 goods vehicles. The passenger vehicle carried 18 to 20 people and the goods vehicles 82 maunds. The report described the platforms, lines and operations of the monorail. It reported an average working speed of 8 miles per hour but a trial run over 1½ miles(2.4km) with one car and four artilliary horses gave a speed of nearly 20 miles per hour <ref name =darvill>“Industrial Railways and Locomotives of India and South Asia” compliled by Simon Darvill. Published by ‘The Industrial Railway Society’ 2013. ISBN 978 1 901556 82-7. Available at http://irsshop.co.uk/India. Reference: Entry PB10 page ....</ref>.
*An ordnance map of 1913 also shows a tramway running along west side of road, but does not mention the PSMT by name.
*The “Railway World” <ref name=JohnDay/> in 1962 published an article by John R. Day giving information and photographs received from [[C W Bowles| Mr C W Bowles]], then in retirement, concerning his first-hand knowledge of the ‘[[Ewing System Monorail]]’ and the ‘Patiala Monorail’.
*The “Railway Magazine “<ref name=Ambler/> in 1869 published an article by H.R.Ambler giving further information and photographs.
==Later History==It is generally thought that the PSMT closed when the opening in 1927-28 of the [[North Western Railway]](NWR)'s [[Sirhind-Rupar Railway]] line made the Patiala State Monorail Trainways obsolete , together with any plan to extend the line from Morinda to Rupar.
However adverts were placed by the Punjab [[Public Works Department]] in the 2 Jul 1921 edition of ‘Indian Engineering’ offering monorail trucks, passenger cars, locomotives etc for sale and in the 25 July 1925 edition it offers the whole of the tramway with the statement ‘although the line is a monorail, the wagons and carriages are suitable for conversion to narrow gauge at not too much extra cost’ <ref name =darvill/>.
==Further Information==
See pages '''[[Monorail Systems in India]]''' and '''[[Ewing System Monorail]]'''
<br>
Further information and later history of the locomotives is given in Railways and Locomotives of India and South Asia” compiled by Simon Darvill <ref name =darvill/>.
==External Links==
*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patiala_State_Monorail_Trainways "Patiala State Monorail Trainways"] Wikipedia
*[http://www.irfca.org/articles/patiala-monorail-reappraisal.html "Patiala Monorail Reappraisal" by Simon Darvill, 2012 – ‘Sirhind to Morinda Line’] IRFCA ''Indian Railways Fan Club''
*[http://www.irfca.org/members/ddickens/PSMTArticle.pdf ‘The Railway Magazine’, February 1969, “An Indian Might-have-been” by H.R.Ambler pages 72-76] reproduced by IRFCA ''Indian Railways Fan Club'' with permission
== References ==
