29,525
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
→Madras Military Male Orphan Asylum
==Madras Military Male Orphan Asylum==
[[Image:Madras map 1862.jpg|thumb|300px|Madras, 1862, showing the Military Male Asylum (centre)]]
*This Asylum was opened in 1789. <ref> Page 223 of this Google Books [http://books.google.com/books?id=AbYBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA223 link], ''A Gazetteer of Southern India: With the Tenasserim Provinces and Singapore'' published 1855.google books </ref>
*Information about the founding of both the Female and Male Military Orphan Asylums is contained in [http://www.archive.org/stream/churchinmadrasbe01penn#page/508/mode/2up''The church in Madras : being the history of the ecclesiastical and missionary action of the East India Company in the presidency of Madras''], page 508 by Rev Frank Penny (1904) Archive.org
*The Rev Dr Andrew Bell was the first Director and Superintendent of the Asylum at Egmore from 1789-1796. At the time of his appointment the system of teaching was inadequate and this lead to his founding the 'Madras System of Education' - a monitorial method whereby older pupils instructed those younger, in addition to receiving instruction from their seniors. The first monitor was a boy named John Frisken, who later became the printer of the Madras Courier. After Bell's return to the UK in 1796, this system of education was adopted in various schools both in England and also in his native Scotland.The Madras College, Fife, still recognises the influence of it's founder. For further details see [http://www.madras.fife.sch.uk/archive/articles/therevdrandrewbell.html The Rev Dr Andrew Bell]madras.fife.sch.uk.
:Bell wrote two books about the system of education he developed, giving details of the Asylum
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=eO9Prv4mOGkC ''An Analysis of the Experiment in Education, made at Egmore, near Madras'' Edition 3 (1807) 115 pages] Google Books ([http://books.google.com/books?id=eO9Prv4mOGkC&pg=PP15 Contents])
:*[http://books.google.com/books?id=8nTsZVDIygIC ''The Madras School: or, Elements of Tuition: comprising the Analysis of an Experiment in Education, made at the Male Asylum, Madras; with its facts, proofs, and illustrations'' (1808) 348 pages] Google Books ([http://books.google.com/books?id=8nTsZVDIygIC&pg=PR11 Contents]). [http://books.google.com/books?id=8nTsZVDIygIC&pg=PA212 Page 212] onwards contains letters written by his former pupils to Dr Bell, including a listing of names from the bottom of [http://books.google.com/books?id=8nTsZVDIygIC&pg=PA218 page 218] to page 223.
*This India List The Rev James Cordiner was only schooltmaster and probably the Director from 12 June 1798 to 23 April 1799. He descibes the Male Orphan Asylum, and also briefly mentions the Female Asylum, in his book [http://archiverbooks.rootswebgoogle.ancestryco.comuk/th/read/INDIA/2011-02/1298802118 postbooks?id=CTVSAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA79 ''A Voyage To India''] is about from page 79. Google Books, published 1820.*From 1794 the training of boys from brighter students at the Madras Male Orphanage in , usually boys of mixed blood, were recruited to the Survey school from 1794. Page 13 of this <ref>West, Shirley. [httphttps://docsweb.googlearchive.comorg/web/20190405054619/viewer?a=v&q=cachehttps:wY04OFGLYWUJ:www//lists.newrootsweb.dlicom/hyperkitty/list/india.ernetrootsweb.incom/rawdatauploadthread/upload1316102/insaRevenue Surveyor] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 27 February 2011, archived.</INSA_1/20005b66_317.pdf+Science+in+%22British+India%22&hl=en&gl=au&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgniwZQ9F5fkYnPJsb8-jftV0U23uCpu9sna-ItH20a319oZSJypsk4xOg7SSAaX3Kz3jPeEyQpSMGUaYTYgZdiLxcbZVkP88-1q2DLnKQqAEG8YhKqXsf4eG834yglY9tFK7Yc&sig=AHIEtbTyaXkzEc8uK-F_M8gtYcePXCA_Sw link] states ref> "Madras Observatory ran a surveying school from 1794 to 1810 to train teenager European orphaned boys as practical revenue surveyors".<ref>"Science in British India" by RK Kochhar ''Indian Journal of History of Science'' 34(4) 1999 pp317-346 [httphttps://docsweb.googlearchive.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:wY04OFGLYWUJ:www.new.dli.ernet.in/rawdataupload/uploadorg/insaweb/INSA_120140125143502/20005b66_317.pdf+Science+in+%22British+India%22&hl=en&gl=au&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESgniwZQ9F5fkYnPJsb8-jftV0U23uCpu9sna-ItH20a319oZSJypsk4xOg7SSAaX3Kz3jPeEyQpSMGUaYTYgZdiLxcbZVkP88-1q2DLnKQqAEG8YhKqXsf4eG834yglY9tFK7Yc&sig=AHIEtbTyaXkzEc8uK-F_M8gtYcePXCA_Sw html version], [http://www.newnew1.dli.ernet.in/rawdatauploaddata1/upload/insa/INSA_1/20005b66_317.pdf original pdf"Science in British India"] by RK Kochhar ''Indian Journal of History of Science'' 34(4) 1999 pp317-346 (page 329, page 13 of the link)</ref>
*1829 letter by W Webbe, former pupil, regarding his schooldays c 1790’s, footnotes [http://books.google.com/books?id=xgNPsoCD9i4C&pg=PA397 pages 397-398]. He appears as William Webbe in the list of Foundation Boys for 1790 in the listing of names on page 222 of ''The Madras School''
*From the establishment of the gun-carriage manufactory in Seringapatam in 1802, boys from the Orphan Asylum had been taken as apprentices, and in 1813 there were 13 of these lads, rated as Europeans, and allowed 5 pagodas each per month. There was a draughtsman on the staff at 15 pagodas a month as schoolmaster, and some asylum boys were still shown on the rolls up to 1834.<ref name=Ord>[http://wwwbooks.searchgoogle.fibiscom.au/books?id=URK-BAAAQBAJ&pg=PA194 Page 194 ''The East India Company’s Arsenals & Manufactories''] by Brigadier-General H. A. Young, Director of Ordnance Factories in India 1917-1920 Google Books. [https://archive.org/details/eicarsenalsmanufactories/page/n5/mode/2up Archive.orgversion] of the book.</frontisref>*In June 1821, the Governor in Council authorised the formation of a corps of [[Ordnance#Carnatic Ordnance Artificers|Carnatic Ordnance Artificers]], to be recruited from the sons of Europeans born in India and to be enlisted as European soldiers. They were to come from the Orphan Asylum, the fort school, and from other charitable institutions. One of the reasons for the establishment was the desirability of providing suitable employment for a portion of the Eurasian (mixed race) population.<ref name=Ord/>*[http://fibis.ourarchives.online/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=210&s_id=56 Entries to the Madras Military Asylum in 1825-1826] in FIBIS Search. In the majority of the cases the ” Person Recommending Boy” was stated to be the Poonamallee Asylum, (see below) perhaps suggesting transfer from this Asylum at a particular age, or amalgamation of the two Asylums, as happened with the Girls' Asylums. This could imply the boys were orphaned some years earlier.*[http://www.searchfibis.fibisourarchives.org/frontisonline/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_dataset&id=96&s_id=206&sort=0&st=0&np=2&tn=48 Entry to the Madras Military Male Asylum in July 1835] in FIBIS Search. This listing appears to consist of three groups
**“Boy at Friend in Need Society”, boys who were blind or otherwise disabled
**“Poonamallee Boy at Nurse”, probably very young boys previously under the care of the Poonamallee Asylum
*Amalgamation with the [[Lawrence Military Asylum|Lawrence Asylum]] was considered from 1860. In April 1864 the land at Lovedale, near [[Ootacamund]], was selected for the combined institutions and new buildings were constructed. 220 boys from the MMMOA moved in September 1871 [http://books.google.com/books?id=luXS-8vTrJQC&pg=PA262 Limited View Google Books] ''The Nilgiris,Volume 1 of Madras district gazetteers'' by W Francis (1994) reprint of an earlier book, probably 1908.
*Another mention of the transfer to the Lawrence Asylum, Lovedale in September 1871 [http://books.google.com/books?id=PJAIAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA1-PA65 Google Books]
*This India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2008-05/1209973186 post] indicates that records Records for the Madras Military Male Orphan Asylum for 1829-1833 were held by the [[Lawrence Military Asylum|Lawrence Asylum]] in 1892. <ref>Cornelius, David B. [https://web.archive.org/web/20181214094617/https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/india.rootsweb.com/thread/2840863/ Madras Artillery] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 5 May 2008, archived. </ref> The relevant document mentioned may be viewed here on [http://www.searchfibis.fibisourarchives.org/frontisonline/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_picture&id=514&s_id=31 FIBIS Search].
==Madras Military Female Orphan Asylum==
*[httphttps://www.searchfibis.fibisourarchives.org/frontisonline/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_dataset&id=231&s_id=387&sort=0&st=0&np=20&tn=584 Madras Military Female Asylum] in FIBIS Search. The record details say: A transcription ranscription of details of several hundred orphaned girls attending the Madras Military Female Asylum in 1839. This includes some details of girls who had left the establishment between 1829 and 1838. The records have been transcribed from those found in India Office Records Collection F/4/1855 Coll. 78480. Note that prior to 1826, orphaned girls of soldiers of the British Army attended a separate asylum at [[Poonamallee]]. The two institutions were combined in 1826.
*Peter Bailey, "The Madras Military Female Orphan Asylum," ''FIBIS Journal No 6 (Autumn 2001)''. For details of how to access this article online, see [[FIBIS Journals]].
*Page 224 of this Google Books [http://books.google.com/books?id=AbYBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA224 link], published 1855
*Page 61 of this Google Book [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=OG8FAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA61 link], published 1842
*This [http://spuddybike.org.uk/familyhistory/madras/MadrasMFAsylum.html linkThe Madras Male and Female Asylums] (spuddybike.org.uk) about the founding of both the Female and Male Military Orphan Asylums contains information from the book ''The church in Madras : being the history of the ecclesiastical and missionary action of the East India Company in the presidency of Madras'' by Rev Frank Penny (1904)
*MMFOA moved to Conway's Garden, Kilpauk before 1822, [http://books.google.com/books?id=h2nkEiSSDaYC&pg=PA563 Limited View Google Books], page 563 ''Indian Records Series Vestiges of Old Madras 1640-1800''
*In 1842 five girls aged 14 to 16 were sent to Sydney where they arrived in January 1843 and were admitted to the Sydney Orphan School. Refer [[Australia]], Orphans.
*A newspaper item from the ''Bombay Times & Journal of Commerce'', 2nd April 1851 is shown in [[Orphan newspaper items]]
*The girls, about 100, were transferred to the [[Lawrence Military Asylum|Lawrence Asylum, Lovedale]] in October 1904. [http://books.google.com/books?id=luXS-8vTrJQC&pg=PA263 Limited View Google Books] page 263, The Nilgiris Volume 1 of Madras district gazetteers by W Francis 1994 reprint of an earlier book, probably 1908 and [http://books.google.com/books?id=vERnljM1uiEC&pg=PA315 Limited View Google Books], page 315 ''Gazetteer of South India, Volume 2'' by W Francis 1988 (probably a reprint of an earlier book, perhaps 1905.)
*View a 1860 record, part of [http://wwwfibis.search.fibisourarchives.org/frontisonline/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_picture&id=17&s_id=31 FIBIS Documents]
==Poonamallee Military Asylum==
*In 1903, the [[South Indian Railway]] requiring for its new terminus at Egmore, the buildings occupied by the Civil Orphan Asylums, Goverment suggested that the Civil Orphan Asylums move to the premises of the Military Female Orphan Asylum in Poonamallee Road, and that the girls from the latter Asylum move to the Lawrence Asylum at Lovedale. The transfer took place in October 1904. [http://books.google.com/books?id=luXS-8vTrJQC&pg=PA263 Limited View Google Books] page 263,'' The Nilgiris Volume 1 of Madras District Gazetteers'' by W Francis 1994 reprint of an earlier book, probably 1908.
*The name was changed to St George’s School and Orphanage in 1954 according to the article [http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/mp/2003/04/23/stories/2003042300110300.htm "From Redoubt to school" ] by S. Muthiah in ''The Hindu'' [Newspaper] dated 23 April 2003 . It continues on today. Further article [http://www.thehindu.com/arts/survivors-of-time-the-bell-still-tolls/article2221434.ece "Survivors of time - The bell still tolls"] by Anusha Parthasarathy ''The Hindu'' 12 July 2011
== References ==
[[Category:Madras Presidency]]
[[Category:SocietyOrphans]]
[[Category:Education]]
