Orphans

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It should be noted that the word orphan had a wider meaning than currently applies, and included children who had lost their father, but whose mother was still alive.


Bengal Presidency

Calcutta

Upper Orphan School

  • Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. "Part II: parents, conditions, prospects" FIBIS Journal No 23 (Spring 2010), pages 5-14. For details of how to access these articles, see FIBIS Journals.
  • Etching of Kidderpore House in 1794 from the British Library's Online Gallery
  • Photographic print of Kidderpore House in 1851 from the British Library's Online Gallery
  • Photograph: Orphan School, Calcutta by Captain R. B. Hill 1850s Metropolitan Museum of Art New York. Probably Richard Barton Hill 1835-1873, who joined the Bengal Army in 1853.
  • FIBIS database: Bengal Military Orphan Society including
    • FIBIS database: Bengal Military Orphans 1798. Alphabetical list of all orphaned children of officers of the Bengal Army who had been/were in the care of the Bengal Orphan Military Society from the inception of the Society to 31 December 1798. Includes children both in England and India. Based on The Continuation or Supplement to the Code of Bengal Military Regulations by Henry Grace, pages 369-380, published 1799, with some additional remarks , probably added by Sir Patrick Cadell . The Continuation is available at the British Library, and also on the subscription website Eighteenth Century Collections Online (ECCO)
    • FIBIS database: Bengal Upper Orphan School 1820-1857 . Alphabetical list of orphaned children of officers of the Bengal Army, 1820-1857. The data include Dates of Birth, Dates of Admission to and Discharge from the Asylum, Name of father, etc. These were orphans who had returned to Britain and whose guardians had received payment there from the Bengal Military Orphan Society. They were no longer physically in an Asylum, so the date of discharge from the Asylum is rather the date of discharge from the Society, when benefits were finalised.
  • LDS microfilm catalogue entry Bengal military orphans society, 1818-1873.The original records are available at the British Library and are in respect of Officers’ orphans. Some of these records have been transcribed by FIBIS, and are available on the FIBIS database (refer above)
  • An advertisement for a teacher at the Upper Orphan School in 1789 may be seen at Calcutta schools c late 1700-Advertisements for teachers
  • Rules and Regulations c 1851 concering admission. Bengal Almanc for 1851, page 483

Lower Orphan School

  • Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. "Part II: parents, conditions, prospects" FIBIS Journal No 23 (Spring 2010), pages 5-14. For details of how to access these articles, see FIBIS Journals.
  • Etching of the Lower Orphan School at Howrah in 1794 from the British Library's Online Gallery
  • Needlework of a very high standard was produced “by the directions of Mistress Parker School Mistress in the Orphan School near Calcutta”, believed to be the Lower Orphan School, circa 1790’s. A sampler by Anne Jennings is shown in Poor Relations, page 46.[1] Samplers & tapestry embroideries, page 35 by Marcus Bourne Huish 1913 (Archive.org) describes a group of six samplers completed in 1797, also under the supervision of Mistress Parker, with an illustration. These samplers are now in the collection of the Museum of Modern Art, New York.[2]. This India List post requests further information.
  • A newspaper item which names 12 children in the hospital at 28 February 1806 is shown in Orphan newspaper items
  • Rules and Regulations c 1851 concerning admission. (Scroll down page) Bengal Almanc for 1851, page 487

Free School

  • Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. "Part II: parents, conditions, prospects" FIBIS Journal No 23 (Spring 2010), pages 5-14. For details of how to access these articles, see FIBIS Journals.
  • FIBIS Database: Calcutta Free School Prizes 1878 The description of these records states that there were 395 children on the school roll, of whom 130 were girls, and that there were 10 times as many applicants as places.

The Free School is now known as St Thomas' School, Kidderpore and the address is 4 Diamond Harbour Road, Kidderpore Kolkata 70023 West Bengal.

European Female Orphan Asylum

  • Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. "Part II: parents, conditions, prospects" FIBIS Journal No 23 (Spring 2010), pages 5-14. For details of how to access these articles, see FIBIS Journals.
  • The East India Charitable Trust is mentioned in the above article as a possible source of records. Select "Contact Us" for contact details.

Other

  • The Catholic Male Orphanage (C.M.O.) was established in 1848 at Murghihatta, (or Murgihatta, now Murgighata), Calcutta. In June 1947 it moved to Dum Dum and was renamed St. Mary's Orphanage, Dum Dum.
  • Also see Calcutta, for brief mentions of Roman Catholic and other (orphan) schools

Lawrence Military Asylum, Sanawar

See Lawrence Military Asylum

Madras Presidency

Madras city

See Orphan Schools in Madras.

Lawrence Asylum, Lovedale, near Ootacamund

See Lawrence Military Asylum

Bombay Presidency

Bombay

The Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor, Within the Government of Bombay, known as the Bombay Education Society was established in 1815. It ran schools for boys and girls, known as the Central Schools.

References

  1. Poor relations: the making of a Eurasian community in British India, 1773-1833, page 46 by Christopher Hawes 1996 Google Books. A copy of anne Jenning's sampler is also shown in Stitched in Adversity: Samplers of the Poor. Exhibition at Whitney Antiques, Whitney, Oxfordshire, UK 2006. Item 13 Anne Jennings Circa 1795. The sampler contains three long texts. The first is headed Written by the King of Prussia at Breslaw and commences "Love by hope is still sustained zeal". The second consists of the words of the poem "To the Affluent" by M, from the Poetry section of Freemasons’ Magazine, or General and Complete Library, Volume 2, January 1794. The third is the poem "Gratitude" by Joseph Addison, published on August 9, 1712, in The Spectator, a London newspaper but appearing in this link in a book about English grammar. The sampler ends with the words ”Anne Jennings wrough this sampler by the directions of Mistress Parker School Mistress in the Orphan School near Calcutta in Bengal East Indias”
  2. Stitched in Adversity: Samplers of the Poor