FIBIwiki - User contributions [en]

Mansehra

2013-01-08T06:24:47Z

OSKT: added information

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=Pakli Mansehra.jpg|Pakli Plain near Mansehra town
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.333333,73200000&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.333333°N 73200000°E]
|altitude= 1,088 m (3,570 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mansehra Mansehra]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

'''Mansehra''' is a small town beyond [[Abbottabad]] some 30-35 minutes drive away.

It was originally established as a fortified hill village and market-place by a Sikh official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, it expanded into the town that became the headquarters of [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V17_208.gif Mansehra tahsil] in [[Hazara District]], [[North West Frontier Province]].

Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the Kala Dhaka (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]].

==External Links==
[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V17_209.gif Mansehra Village] Imperial Gazetteer 

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Mansehra

2013-01-08T05:01:44Z

OSKT: made amendments

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=Pakli Mansehra.jpg|Pakli Plain near Mansehra town
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.333333,73200000&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.333333°N 73200000°E]
|altitude= 1,088 m (3,570 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mansehra Mansehra]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

'''Mansehra''' is a small town beyond [[Abbottabad]] some 30-35 minutes drive away.

It was originally established as a fortified hill village and market-place by a Sikh official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the headquarters of [http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V17_208.gif Mansehra tahsil] in [[Hazara District]], [[North West Frontier Province]].

Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the Kala Dhaka (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]].

==External Links==
[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V17_209.gif Mansehra Village] Imperial Gazetteer 

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Nathiagali

2013-01-08T04:59:29Z

OSKT: made amendments and additions

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.068519,73.392387&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.068519°N 73.392387°E]
|altitude= 2501 m (8205 feet)
|presentname=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nathiagali Nathiagali]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

During the British period '''Nathiagali''' was a hill station in Abbottabad tehsil of [[Hazara District]], [[North West Frontier Province]]. It was also the summer headquarters of the [[Chief Commissioner]] of the province, and later, of the provincial Governor<ref>From 1902 onwards</ref>.

==Spelling Variants==
* Nathia Gali

==Location==
It was the midway point on the road between [[Murree]] and [[Abbottabad]].

==History==
Along with [[Dunga Gali]] it was a "notified area" under the Punjab Municiapalities Act 1891.

==External Links==
[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V18_421.gif Nathiagali] Imperial Gazetteer

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]
[[Category:Hill Stations]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-19T07:28:36Z

OSKT: /* Churches */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. About 1000 of this number were sent out to various POW camps in the areas of former British India now comprising Pakistan--Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400 or so. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here<ref>See a new joint-note on this topic by S Farrington and OSK Tarin in a forthcoming edition of the ''Durbar'' IMHS journal, 2012-3013. In this, at least some 23 Boer POWs were listed as buried in this small graveyard, although only 14-15 graves can now be identified. See photo, Syed Saquib, Abbottabad, in the Sophia Institute Records, above</ref> at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her detailed findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell largely upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett and Brian Stevens in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''St Peter Canisius Church''' '''(Roman Catholic Church)''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Painting Abtd Club 1957.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A painting of the Abbottabad Club, c 1950s]]
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Talk:Abbottabad

2012-12-11T06:17:53Z

OSKT: added note reg Boer POWs Kakul/Kakool section

Hello, just wanted to leave a note to inform all that I have made some amendments to the Kakul/Kakool section reg the Boer POWs-- as there will be a small note coming in the next issue of ''Durbar'' (IMHS) updating this topic. The photo by Syed Saquib shall also be included in this. A number of people evinced interest in the older/earlier article by C Parrett and B Stevens and there was a need, we felt, for combining our knowledge and making it publicly available. Thanks, regs, [[User:OSKT|OSKT]] 22:17, 10 December 2012 (PST)OSKT

Abbottabad

2012-12-11T06:12:24Z

OSKT: /* Former Boer War POW Camp */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. About 1000 of this number were sent out to various POW camps in the areas of former British India now comprising Pakistan--Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400 or so. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here<ref>See a new joint-note on this topic by S Farrington and OSK Tarin in a forthcoming edition of the ''Durbar'' IMHS journal, 2012-3013. In this, at least some 23 Boer POWs were listed as buried in this small graveyard, although only 14-15 graves can now be identified. See photo, Syed Saquib, Abbottabad, in the Sophia Institute Records, above</ref> at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her detailed findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell largely upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett and Brian Stevens in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Painting Abtd Club 1957.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A painting of the Abbottabad Club, c 1950s]]
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-11T06:11:38Z

OSKT: /* Former Boer War POW Camp */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. About 1000 of this number were sent out to various POW camps in the areas of former British India now comprising Pakistan--Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400 or so. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here<ref>See a new joint-note on this topic by S Farrington and OSK Tarin in a forthcoming edition of the ''Durbar'' IMHS journal, 2012-3013. In this, at least some 23 Boer POWs were listed as buried in this small graveyard, although only 14-15 graves can now be identified. See photo, Syed Saquib, Abbottabad, in the Sophia Institute Records, above</ref> at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her detailed findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett and Brian Stevens in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Painting Abtd Club 1957.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A painting of the Abbottabad Club, c 1950s]]
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-11T06:10:49Z

OSKT: /* Former Boer War POW Camp */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. About 1000 of this number were sent out to various POW camps in the areas of former British India now comprising Pakistan--Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400 or so. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here<ref>See a new joint-note on this topic by S Farrington and OSK Tarin in a forthcoming edition of the ''Durbar'' IMHS journal, 2012-3013. In this, at least some 23 Boer POWs were listed as buried in this small graveyard, although only 14-15 graves can now be identified. See photo, Syed Saquib, Abbottabad, in the Sophia Institute Records, above</ref> at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Painting Abtd Club 1957.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A painting of the Abbottabad Club, c 1950s]]
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-11T06:08:19Z

OSKT: /* Former Boer War POW Camp */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. About 1000 of this number were sent out to various POW camps in the areas of former British India now comprising Pakistan--Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400 or so. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here<ref>See a new joint-note on this topic by S Farrington and OSK Tarin in a forthcoming edition of the ''Durbar'' IMHS journal, 2012-3013. In this, at least some 23 Boer POWs were listed as buried in this small graveyard, although only 14-15 graves can now be identified. See photo, Syed Saquib, Abbottabad, above</ref> at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Painting Abtd Club 1957.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A painting of the Abbottabad Club, c 1950s]]
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

File:Irregular Mounted Police, Sikh in Rural Punjab.jpg

2012-12-09T12:12:35Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
Irregular Mounted Sikh Policeman, Punjab countryside, c 1930s. Photo from the TSI Archive/Collection already in the public domain for research etc
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

[[Category:People images]]

File:Sir Sikandar war recruitment in Punjab 1940-41.jpg

2012-12-09T12:10:17Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
This is a scanned photo from my own personal family archives, which I am sharing here. It depicts my great-grandfather, Sardar Sir Sikandar Hayat Khan, KBE (1892-1942) during a World War 2 recruitment drive in the Punjab, circa 1940-41, when he was Premier/PM of that province of British India. Behind him can be seen Sir Khizar Hayat Tiwana (no relation) and Sir Chotu Ram, both ministers in Sir Sikandar's Unionist Cabinet. They are all garlanded. The photo was taken by my great-grandfather's personal/private assistant, Mr Kalay Khan, who took many photos for the family records.
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-sa-3.0}}

[[Category:People images]]

File:Indian lady on Sitar, at Simla 1930s.jpg

2012-12-09T12:07:58Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
Indian Hindu lady, playing the Sitar, at Simla, c 1930s. TSI Archives/Collection, already in the public domain
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

[[Category:People images]]

File:Bokhara puppet govt.jpg

2012-12-09T12:06:56Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
Photo of the first Bokhara puppet government after Soviet take over, at the Kagan train station, image taken circa 1921. TSI Archives Abbottabad, already in the public domain, open to all.
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

[[Category:People images]]

File:AHK c 1942.jpg

2012-12-09T11:57:20Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
Capt (later Colonel) Sardar Azmat Hayat Khan, of the FF Regt, my maternal grandfather, in a formal photograph c 1942, prior to his departure for the Burma Front in WW 2
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-sa-3.0}}

[[Category:People images]]

File:Abbottabad night nwfp.jpg

2012-12-09T11:54:20Z

OSKT: added category

The city of [[Abbottabad]], NWFP as seen at night. (2008)

{{Template:ImageOL
|License= Public Domain
|Author= Bk2006
|Source= Wikipedia Commons
|URL= http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:AbbottabadCityatNight.jpg
|Alterations= none
}}

[[Category:Pakistan images]]
[[Category:Abbottabad images]]

File:Abbottabad view 1.jpg

2012-12-09T11:52:49Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
View of Abbottabad town and valley from nearby hill, photo 2011 by Chanzeb Jadoon, one of a set of 30 commissioned by the TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan. Copyright originally vested with TSI, 2011, and opened for public use. This photo is now shared in the public domain by TSI, here too.
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

[[Category:Abbottabad images]]

File:Old.jpg

2012-12-09T11:51:33Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
Photo take by me of the old, ruined 'Haunted House' in Abbottabad's old cantonment, and shared here. House was originally built as a small cottage by a commandant of the 5th (Royal) Gurkha Rifles (FF) c 1880s and later, after a tragedy supposedly occurred here, sold off to Rai Bahadur Permanand and family. Later on, in 1920-21 this was expanded into a larger house with stables, outhouses, servants quarters etc. It was sold off in 1922 to the family of Sardar Sojan Singh of Rawalpindi and after 1947, Partition/Independence, was leased out to relatives of mine. Since the 2005 Earthquake the house has been shut as it was badly damaged and parts of it entirely collapsed.
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-sa-3.0}}

[[Category:Abbottabad images]]

File:St luke's nowadays.jpg

2012-12-09T11:22:19Z

OSKT: added category

== Summary ==
Photo of St Luke's Church, Abbottabad, taken recently and shared here
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-sa-3.0}}

[[Category:Abbottabad images]]

File:Lahore Kims Gun.jpg

2012-12-09T11:19:22Z

OSKT: added category

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamzama Zamzama] (Kim's Gun), The Mall, [[Lahore]]. Originally a canon used in the Third Battle of Panipat (1761), it became famous in Rudyard Kipling's novel, [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim].

{{Template:ImageOL
|License= Public Domain
|Author= Jaw4
|Source= Wikipedia Commons
|URL= http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Kims_Gun_in_Lahore_Pakistan.jpg
|Alterations= none
}}

[[Category:Pakistan images]]
[[Category:Monument images]]
[[Category:Lahore images]]
[[Category:Guns and artillery images]]

Lahore

2012-12-09T11:17:06Z

OSKT: /* Schools */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency= [[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=Lahore Museum 2005.jpg
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=31.545073,74.340835&z=16&t=h&hl=en 31.545073°N 74.340835°E]
|altitude=217 m (712 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore Lahore]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan) Punjab]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Lahore|name=Lahore |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb47a271c2d44b688&ie=UTF8&t=m&z=14&vpsrc=1}}

'''Lahore''' was the headquarters of [[Lahore District]] in the [[Lahore Division]] of [[Punjab|Punjab Province]] during the British period.
It was the capital of undivided [[Punjab]] until Partition in 1947 after which it became the capital of West Punjab in [[Pakistan]].

==History==
===1905 earthquake===
*[http://archive.org/stream/memoirsofgeologi38geol#page/130/mode/2up Lahore], page 131, [http://archive.org/stream/memoirsofgeologi38geol#page/n467/mode/2up Photographs of Lahore], rear of book, computer page 467 ''Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India Volume XXXVIII The Kangra Earthquake of 4th April 1905'' by CS Middlemiss, Superintendent, Geological Survey of India 1910, reprinted 1981 Archive.org
*[http://cires.colorado.edu/~bilham/Baduwi1905.html#anchor1977088 Lahore and the 1905 <nowiki>[</nowiki>Kangra<nowiki>]</nowiki> earthquake] from [http://cires.colorado.edu/~bilham/Baduwi1905.html Baduwi (1905): Index to Volume 1] from [http://cires.colorado.edu/~bilham/ Roger Bilham’s website]

== Spelling Variants ==
Modern spelling: Lahore 
Variants: Lahaur

==Churches==
'''Anglican'''
*Lahore Cathedral (Cathedral Church of Resurrection) - consecrated in 1887
*St Andrew's (The Railway Church) - built in 1899 to serve the Railway colony, near the [[North Western Railway]] Headquarters

'''Roman Catholic'''
*Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception - built 1861
*Sacred Heart Cathedral - consecrated 1907, the seat of the Diocese of Lahore
*St Anthony's - also near the North Western Railway Headquarters on Empress Road

==Education==
====Schools====
* Convent of Jesus and Mary
* Queen Mary College
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aitchison_College Aitchison College Lahore, est 1886]
*[http://www.panoramio.com/photo/54984118 Picture of the teachers and students of St. Andrew School, Pakistan Railways (then NWR) at Lahore, set up in the late 19th century] panoramio.com

====Colleges/University====
[[Image:Lahore_GCU_Tower.jpg|thumb|150px|Government College]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_College_University_Lahore Government College (now University) (1864)]
* Islamia College
* King Edward Medical College (now University)
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Punjab University of Punjab]

==Health==
====Hospitals====
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Aitchison_Hospital Lady Aitchison Hospital]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Willingdon_Hospital Lady Willingdon Hospital] [http://www.kemu.edu.pk/lady-willingdon-hospital.html Introduction - KEMU]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayo_Hospital Mayo Hospital] (1871)
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Ganga_Ram_Hospital_(Pakistan) Sir Ganga Ram Hospital] (1921)

==Cemeteries==
*[[Gora Kabristan, Lahore|Gora Kabristan]]
*The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] Archive at the British Library Mss Eur F370 has the following references to cemeteries in Lahore
**718 Lahore (General), Pakistan - Cathedral: inscriptions 1857 -1954 - New (Jail Road): 1923-, open
**719 Lahore Annex, Pakistan - Photos of registers
**720 Lahore Cantonment North, Pakistan - 1907-, open
**721 Lahore Cantonment South, Pakistan - Mian Mir: 1851-1944, closed
**722 Lahore Taxali Gate, Pakistan - 1849-, open
*[http://www.indian-cemeteries.org/cemetery_index.asp Taxali Gate Cemetery in Lahor] Indian-cemeteries.org

==Commercial==
====Banks====
* The Australasia Bank (1942)
* Punjab National Bank (1895)

==Buildings==
* Lawrence Hall (now part of Quaid-e-Azam Library) [http://www.flickr.com/photos/sarfrazh/2599957383/ Photograph]
* Montgomery Hall (now part of Quaid-e-Azam Library)

==Military==
The '''Cantonment''' was situated 3 miles east of the civil station of Lahore and until 1906 was known as Mian Mir (alternative spelling Mean Meer, Meean Meer). This [http://www.archive.org/stream/indianracingremi00haye#page/4/mode/2up link],<ref> [http://www.archive.org/stream/indianracingremi00haye#page/4/mode/2up ''Indian Racing Reminiscences''], page 5 by M. Horace Hayes 1883 Archive.org</ref> gives a description of Meean Meer c 1868, while this [http://www.archive.org/stream/reminiscencesofi00westuoft#page/140/mode/2up link]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/reminiscencesofi00westuoft#page/140/mode/2up ''Reminiscences of an Indian Cavalry Officer''], page 140 by John Sutton Edward Western 1922 Archive.org </ref> mentions the clean up and change of name to Lahore Cantonments.

Lahore was the head-quarters of the [[Punjab Light Horse]] and of the [[Punjab Rifles|1st Punjab Volunteer Rifles]].<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/imperialgazette05unkngoog#page/n72/mode/1up ''Imperial Gazetteer of India : Provincial Series Punjab Volume II The Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan Divisions and Native States''], page 40 1908 Archive.org</ref> [http://www.emule.com/2poetry/phorum/read.php?4,12692 "A Beleagured City"],is a parody by Rudyard Kipling about the proximity of the firing range of the Punjab Volunteer Rifles to the Lawrence Hall Gardens

==Transport==
====Railways====
*Lahore Railway Station. [http://www.oldindianphotos.in/2012/09/lahore-railway-station-c1880s.html Photographs: Lahore Railway Station c 1880s] oldindianphotos.in

Lahore was the headquarters of [[North Western Railway]]. There were railway workshops and a railway colony.

==Gardens and Parks==
* Lawrence Gardens (1860) (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagh-e-Jinnah Bagh-e-Jinnah]) - [http://pakistaniat.com/2006/07/29/guest-post-lawrence-gardens-lahore/ Article] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/5342042351/ Montgomery Hall-Photo]
* Minto Park (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iqbal_Park Iqbal Park]) near the Wall City, Fort and Badshahi Mosque.

==Places of interest==
[[Image:Lahore_Museum_2005.jpg|thumb|200px|Lahore Museum]]
[[Image:Lahore_Kims_Gun.jpg|thumb|200px|Zamzama (Kim's Gun)]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore_Museum Lahore Museum]. The Mall [http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/5342652396/in/photostream/ Photo - 1900s]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore_Zoo Lahore Zoo] (1872) The Mall. [http://www.lahorezoo.com.pk/ official website]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamzama Zamzama Gun] (Kim's Gun)

===Monuments===
* Walled City of Lahore
* Maryam Zamani (Begum shahi) Mosque (near Fort)
* Nawab Bahadur Khan's tomb. (used as a theater hall during the early period)<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 101</ref>
* Mahabat Khan's tomb and Boundary Wall, Baghbanpura (near Shalimar Gardens)
* Prince Perwaiz's tomb. Chah Miran area.
* [[Mughal_Empire#Wazir|Wazir]] Khan's Hammam
* Wazir Khan's Baradari (served as soldier's quarters until cantonment shifted to Mian Mir.) Behind Lahore Museum.<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 70</ref>

====Protected Monuments====
[[Image:Lahore_Qutbuddin_Aibak_Mausoleum.jpg|thumb|200px|Qutbuddin Aibak's Tomb (2009)]]
The following are historical monuments protected during this era. The year is brackets is the year of their notification.
* Akbari Sarai and Mosque (1911)
* Anarkali's Tomb (1924) (serves at the Punjab Records Office since 1891) in Punjab Civil Secretariat.<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 57</ref>
* Asif Khan's tomb and compound (1911)
* Badshahi Mosque (1925)
* Buddhu's Tomb (1912) near Gulabi Bagh Gateway on [[Grand Trunk Road]]
* Chauburji (1913). Mozang
* Dai Anga's Mosque, Naulakha. (1913) (private residence of Mr. Henry Cone, editor of Lahore Chronicle. later sold to the Railways. restored as mosque in 1903)<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 73</ref>
* Dai Anga's Tomb (1913). behind Gulbai Bagh Gateway
* Gulabi Bagh Gateway (1913)
* Hazuri Bagh and Baradari (1913, 1924) [http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/5342652338/in/photostream/ Photo-1900s]
* Jahangir's Tomb (1911)
* [[Lahore Fort]] (1920, 1924)
* Mirza Kamran's Baradari (1935)
* Tomb of Musa Ahangar, Mosque and House (1914). near Railway Station.
* Nur Jahan's tomb (1911)
* Qutbuddin Aibak's Tomb (1914)
* Roshnai Gate (1935) (part of the fortification wall)
* Shalimar Gardens (1913)
* [[Mughal_Empire#Wazir|Wazir]] Khan's Mosque (1925)

====Statues====
The following are some of the people whose statues were erected during the period. All except one has been removed from their original locations.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom Queen Victoria]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VII_of_the_United_Kingdom King Edward VII]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai Lala Lajpat Rai]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.C._Woolner Professor Alfred C. Woolner]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganga_Ram Sir Ganga Ram]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lawrence,_1st_Baron_Lawrence Sir John Lawrence]

==Maps==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1893_Map_of_Lahore.jpg Lahore Map 1893] from Wikipedia Commons
* [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/lahore_1912.jpg Lahore Map 1912] from the Historical Maps of Asia Collection, University of Texas, Austin

==Photographs==
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/with/5342652338/ Some old photographs of Lahore] from Flickr
*[http://www.panoramio.com/user/4789607/tags/Lahore?photo_page=1 Photos by Ghilzai - Lahore] panoramio.com (part of [http://www.panoramio.com/user/4789607?comment_page=1&photo_page=1 this] collection)

===Biographies===
====Religious Leaders====
* George Alfred Lefroy, Bishop of Lahore [http://anglicanhistory.org/india/lefroy_montgomery/ The Life and Letters of George Alfred Lefroy D.D., Bishop of Calcutta, and Metropolitan] by H.H. Montgomery
* Thomas Valpy French, Bishop of Lahore [http://anglicanhistory.org/india/pk/stock_french/index.html An Heroic Bishop The Life Story of French of Lahore] by Eugene Stock

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Lahore Lahore] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V16_111.gif Lahore City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.tcaup.umich.edu/workfolio/glover.pdf "'A Feeling of Absence from Old England:' the Colonial Bungalow"] by William J Glover. ''Home Cultures Volume 1 Issue 1'' pages 61-82 2004(?). Contains references to Lahore from page 3 of the pdf. “By the late nineteenth century, Lahore was a desirable posting for European officers and civilians due to its large size, moderate climate, and relatively cosmopolitan range of institutions and activities.”
*[http://pakistaniat.com/2010/06/22/ava-gardner-in-lahore-for-bhowani-junction/ Ava Gardner in Lahore for 'Bhowani Junction'] 22 June 2010 All Things Pakistan
*[http://www.travelintelligence.com/travel-writing/lahore-blood-tracks Lahore: Blood on the Tracks] by William Dalrymple 1997. travelintelligence.com. Also an episode in the 1997 TV documentary series [http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/series/28568 Stones of the Raj]

====Historical books on-line====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/imperialgazette05unkngoog#page/n69/mode/1up "Lahore City"], pages 37-40 and [http://www.archive.org/stream/imperialgazette05unkngoog#page/n72/mode/1up "Lahore Cantonment"], page 40 from ''Imperial Gazetteer of India : Provincial Series Punjab Volume II The Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan Divisions and Native States'', 1908 Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=StsSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA367 "Topographical and Sanitary Report on the Station of Meean Meer"] by Dr T G Scot, [[79th Regiment of Foot|79th Highlanders]], page 367 ''Army Medical Department: Statistical Sanitary and Medical Reports for the year 1861'' (published 1863) Google Books
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabdisturbanc01lahouoft#page/n7/mode/2up ''Punjab disturbances, April 1919; compiled from the Civil and military gazette''] 1919 Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=OVTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA95 "Lahore Central Jail"], page 95 from ''Professional papers on Indian engineering, Volume 5 1868'' Google Books

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Lahore

2012-12-09T11:15:28Z

OSKT: /* Colleges/University */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency= [[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=Lahore Museum 2005.jpg
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=31.545073,74.340835&z=16&t=h&hl=en 31.545073°N 74.340835°E]
|altitude=217 m (712 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore Lahore]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan) Punjab]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Lahore|name=Lahore |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msa=0&msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb47a271c2d44b688&ie=UTF8&t=m&z=14&vpsrc=1}}

'''Lahore''' was the headquarters of [[Lahore District]] in the [[Lahore Division]] of [[Punjab|Punjab Province]] during the British period.
It was the capital of undivided [[Punjab]] until Partition in 1947 after which it became the capital of West Punjab in [[Pakistan]].

==History==
===1905 earthquake===
*[http://archive.org/stream/memoirsofgeologi38geol#page/130/mode/2up Lahore], page 131, [http://archive.org/stream/memoirsofgeologi38geol#page/n467/mode/2up Photographs of Lahore], rear of book, computer page 467 ''Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India Volume XXXVIII The Kangra Earthquake of 4th April 1905'' by CS Middlemiss, Superintendent, Geological Survey of India 1910, reprinted 1981 Archive.org
*[http://cires.colorado.edu/~bilham/Baduwi1905.html#anchor1977088 Lahore and the 1905 <nowiki>[</nowiki>Kangra<nowiki>]</nowiki> earthquake] from [http://cires.colorado.edu/~bilham/Baduwi1905.html Baduwi (1905): Index to Volume 1] from [http://cires.colorado.edu/~bilham/ Roger Bilham’s website]

== Spelling Variants ==
Modern spelling: Lahore 
Variants: Lahaur

==Churches==
'''Anglican'''
*Lahore Cathedral (Cathedral Church of Resurrection) - consecrated in 1887
*St Andrew's (The Railway Church) - built in 1899 to serve the Railway colony, near the [[North Western Railway]] Headquarters

'''Roman Catholic'''
*Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception - built 1861
*Sacred Heart Cathedral - consecrated 1907, the seat of the Diocese of Lahore
*St Anthony's - also near the North Western Railway Headquarters on Empress Road

==Education==
====Schools====
* Convent of Jesus and Mary
* Queen Mary College
*[http://www.panoramio.com/photo/54984118 Picture of the teachers and students of St. Andrew School, Pakistan Railways (then NWR) at Lahore, set up in the late 19th century] panoramio.com

====Colleges/University====
[[Image:Lahore_GCU_Tower.jpg|thumb|150px|Government College]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_College_University_Lahore Government College (now University) (1864)]
* Islamia College
* King Edward Medical College (now University)
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_Punjab University of Punjab]

==Health==
====Hospitals====
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Aitchison_Hospital Lady Aitchison Hospital]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Willingdon_Hospital Lady Willingdon Hospital] [http://www.kemu.edu.pk/lady-willingdon-hospital.html Introduction - KEMU]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayo_Hospital Mayo Hospital] (1871)
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_Ganga_Ram_Hospital_(Pakistan) Sir Ganga Ram Hospital] (1921)

==Cemeteries==
*[[Gora Kabristan, Lahore|Gora Kabristan]]
*The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] Archive at the British Library Mss Eur F370 has the following references to cemeteries in Lahore
**718 Lahore (General), Pakistan - Cathedral: inscriptions 1857 -1954 - New (Jail Road): 1923-, open
**719 Lahore Annex, Pakistan - Photos of registers
**720 Lahore Cantonment North, Pakistan - 1907-, open
**721 Lahore Cantonment South, Pakistan - Mian Mir: 1851-1944, closed
**722 Lahore Taxali Gate, Pakistan - 1849-, open
*[http://www.indian-cemeteries.org/cemetery_index.asp Taxali Gate Cemetery in Lahor] Indian-cemeteries.org

==Commercial==
====Banks====
* The Australasia Bank (1942)
* Punjab National Bank (1895)

==Buildings==
* Lawrence Hall (now part of Quaid-e-Azam Library) [http://www.flickr.com/photos/sarfrazh/2599957383/ Photograph]
* Montgomery Hall (now part of Quaid-e-Azam Library)

==Military==
The '''Cantonment''' was situated 3 miles east of the civil station of Lahore and until 1906 was known as Mian Mir (alternative spelling Mean Meer, Meean Meer). This [http://www.archive.org/stream/indianracingremi00haye#page/4/mode/2up link],<ref> [http://www.archive.org/stream/indianracingremi00haye#page/4/mode/2up ''Indian Racing Reminiscences''], page 5 by M. Horace Hayes 1883 Archive.org</ref> gives a description of Meean Meer c 1868, while this [http://www.archive.org/stream/reminiscencesofi00westuoft#page/140/mode/2up link]<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/reminiscencesofi00westuoft#page/140/mode/2up ''Reminiscences of an Indian Cavalry Officer''], page 140 by John Sutton Edward Western 1922 Archive.org </ref> mentions the clean up and change of name to Lahore Cantonments.

Lahore was the head-quarters of the [[Punjab Light Horse]] and of the [[Punjab Rifles|1st Punjab Volunteer Rifles]].<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/imperialgazette05unkngoog#page/n72/mode/1up ''Imperial Gazetteer of India : Provincial Series Punjab Volume II The Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan Divisions and Native States''], page 40 1908 Archive.org</ref> [http://www.emule.com/2poetry/phorum/read.php?4,12692 "A Beleagured City"],is a parody by Rudyard Kipling about the proximity of the firing range of the Punjab Volunteer Rifles to the Lawrence Hall Gardens

==Transport==
====Railways====
*Lahore Railway Station. [http://www.oldindianphotos.in/2012/09/lahore-railway-station-c1880s.html Photographs: Lahore Railway Station c 1880s] oldindianphotos.in

Lahore was the headquarters of [[North Western Railway]]. There were railway workshops and a railway colony.

==Gardens and Parks==
* Lawrence Gardens (1860) (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bagh-e-Jinnah Bagh-e-Jinnah]) - [http://pakistaniat.com/2006/07/29/guest-post-lawrence-gardens-lahore/ Article] [http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/5342042351/ Montgomery Hall-Photo]
* Minto Park (now [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iqbal_Park Iqbal Park]) near the Wall City, Fort and Badshahi Mosque.

==Places of interest==
[[Image:Lahore_Museum_2005.jpg|thumb|200px|Lahore Museum]]
[[Image:Lahore_Kims_Gun.jpg|thumb|200px|Zamzama (Kim's Gun)]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore_Museum Lahore Museum]. The Mall [http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/5342652396/in/photostream/ Photo - 1900s]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lahore_Zoo Lahore Zoo] (1872) The Mall. [http://www.lahorezoo.com.pk/ official website]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zamzama Zamzama Gun] (Kim's Gun)

===Monuments===
* Walled City of Lahore
* Maryam Zamani (Begum shahi) Mosque (near Fort)
* Nawab Bahadur Khan's tomb. (used as a theater hall during the early period)<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 101</ref>
* Mahabat Khan's tomb and Boundary Wall, Baghbanpura (near Shalimar Gardens)
* Prince Perwaiz's tomb. Chah Miran area.
* [[Mughal_Empire#Wazir|Wazir]] Khan's Hammam
* Wazir Khan's Baradari (served as soldier's quarters until cantonment shifted to Mian Mir.) Behind Lahore Museum.<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 70</ref>

====Protected Monuments====
[[Image:Lahore_Qutbuddin_Aibak_Mausoleum.jpg|thumb|200px|Qutbuddin Aibak's Tomb (2009)]]
The following are historical monuments protected during this era. The year is brackets is the year of their notification.
* Akbari Sarai and Mosque (1911)
* Anarkali's Tomb (1924) (serves at the Punjab Records Office since 1891) in Punjab Civil Secretariat.<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 57</ref>
* Asif Khan's tomb and compound (1911)
* Badshahi Mosque (1925)
* Buddhu's Tomb (1912) near Gulabi Bagh Gateway on [[Grand Trunk Road]]
* Chauburji (1913). Mozang
* Dai Anga's Mosque, Naulakha. (1913) (private residence of Mr. Henry Cone, editor of Lahore Chronicle. later sold to the Railways. restored as mosque in 1903)<ref>Nadiem, Ihsan H. "Historic Landmarks of Lahore An Account of Protected Monuments" Lahore: Sang-e-Meel 2006 ISBN 969-35-1869-1 pg 73</ref>
* Dai Anga's Tomb (1913). behind Gulbai Bagh Gateway
* Gulabi Bagh Gateway (1913)
* Hazuri Bagh and Baradari (1913, 1924) [http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/5342652338/in/photostream/ Photo-1900s]
* Jahangir's Tomb (1911)
* [[Lahore Fort]] (1920, 1924)
* Mirza Kamran's Baradari (1935)
* Tomb of Musa Ahangar, Mosque and House (1914). near Railway Station.
* Nur Jahan's tomb (1911)
* Qutbuddin Aibak's Tomb (1914)
* Roshnai Gate (1935) (part of the fortification wall)
* Shalimar Gardens (1913)
* [[Mughal_Empire#Wazir|Wazir]] Khan's Mosque (1925)

====Statues====
The following are some of the people whose statues were erected during the period. All except one has been removed from their original locations.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_of_the_United_Kingdom Queen Victoria]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_VII_of_the_United_Kingdom King Edward VII]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lala_Lajpat_Rai Lala Lajpat Rai]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A.C._Woolner Professor Alfred C. Woolner]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ganga_Ram Sir Ganga Ram]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Lawrence,_1st_Baron_Lawrence Sir John Lawrence]

==Maps==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:1893_Map_of_Lahore.jpg Lahore Map 1893] from Wikipedia Commons
* [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/historical/lahore_1912.jpg Lahore Map 1912] from the Historical Maps of Asia Collection, University of Texas, Austin

==Photographs==
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/8984406@N07/with/5342652338/ Some old photographs of Lahore] from Flickr
*[http://www.panoramio.com/user/4789607/tags/Lahore?photo_page=1 Photos by Ghilzai - Lahore] panoramio.com (part of [http://www.panoramio.com/user/4789607?comment_page=1&photo_page=1 this] collection)

===Biographies===
====Religious Leaders====
* George Alfred Lefroy, Bishop of Lahore [http://anglicanhistory.org/india/lefroy_montgomery/ The Life and Letters of George Alfred Lefroy D.D., Bishop of Calcutta, and Metropolitan] by H.H. Montgomery
* Thomas Valpy French, Bishop of Lahore [http://anglicanhistory.org/india/pk/stock_french/index.html An Heroic Bishop The Life Story of French of Lahore] by Eugene Stock

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Lahore Lahore] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V16_111.gif Lahore City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.tcaup.umich.edu/workfolio/glover.pdf "'A Feeling of Absence from Old England:' the Colonial Bungalow"] by William J Glover. ''Home Cultures Volume 1 Issue 1'' pages 61-82 2004(?). Contains references to Lahore from page 3 of the pdf. “By the late nineteenth century, Lahore was a desirable posting for European officers and civilians due to its large size, moderate climate, and relatively cosmopolitan range of institutions and activities.”
*[http://pakistaniat.com/2010/06/22/ava-gardner-in-lahore-for-bhowani-junction/ Ava Gardner in Lahore for 'Bhowani Junction'] 22 June 2010 All Things Pakistan
*[http://www.travelintelligence.com/travel-writing/lahore-blood-tracks Lahore: Blood on the Tracks] by William Dalrymple 1997. travelintelligence.com. Also an episode in the 1997 TV documentary series [http://ftvdb.bfi.org.uk/sift/series/28568 Stones of the Raj]

====Historical books on-line====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/imperialgazette05unkngoog#page/n69/mode/1up "Lahore City"], pages 37-40 and [http://www.archive.org/stream/imperialgazette05unkngoog#page/n72/mode/1up "Lahore Cantonment"], page 40 from ''Imperial Gazetteer of India : Provincial Series Punjab Volume II The Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan Divisions and Native States'', 1908 Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=StsSAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA367 "Topographical and Sanitary Report on the Station of Meean Meer"] by Dr T G Scot, [[79th Regiment of Foot|79th Highlanders]], page 367 ''Army Medical Department: Statistical Sanitary and Medical Reports for the year 1861'' (published 1863) Google Books
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabdisturbanc01lahouoft#page/n7/mode/2up ''Punjab disturbances, April 1919; compiled from the Civil and military gazette''] 1919 Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=OVTOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA95 "Lahore Central Jail"], page 95 from ''Professional papers on Indian engineering, Volume 5 1868'' Google Books

==References==
<references/>

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

File:Pony rides Kashmir.jpg

2012-12-09T11:07:00Z

OSKT: Children enjoying pony rides, near Gulmarg, Kashmir, circa 1940s, TSI archives/collection, at Abbottabad, Pakistan, already in the public domain for research and similar purposes

== Summary ==
Children enjoying pony rides, near Gulmarg, Kashmir, circa 1940s, TSI archives/collection, at Abbottabad, Pakistan, already in the public domain for research and similar purposes
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

File:Nishat Gardens Kashmir.jpg

2012-12-09T11:03:10Z

OSKT: Nishat Mughal Gardens, Kashmir, circa 1925-1926,. TSI Archives/collection, already in public domain for research and similar purposes

== Summary ==
Nishat Mughal Gardens, Kashmir, circa 1925-1926,. TSI Archives/collection, already in public domain for research and similar purposes
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

File:Indian lady on Sitar, at Simla 1930s.jpg

2012-12-09T11:01:25Z

OSKT: Indian Hindu lady, playing the Sitar, at Simla, c 1930s. TSI Archives/Collection, already in the public domain

== Summary ==
Indian Hindu lady, playing the Sitar, at Simla, c 1930s. TSI Archives/Collection, already in the public domain
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

File:AHK c 1942.jpg

2012-12-09T11:00:02Z

OSKT: Capt (later Colonel) Sardar Azmat Hayat Khan, of the FF Regt, my maternal grandfather, in a formal photograph c 1942, prior to his departure for the Burma Front in WW 2

File:Bullock 'Rath' 1930s.jpg

2012-12-09T04:24:07Z

OSKT: A photo of a bullock 'Rath' (carriage) East Punjab, circa 1930s. Photo from TSI Archives/Collection, Abbottabad, Pakistan, already in public domain for research and similar academic use/purposes

== Summary ==
A photo of a bullock 'Rath' (carriage) East Punjab, circa 1930s. Photo from TSI Archives/Collection, Abbottabad, Pakistan, already in public domain for research and similar academic use/purposes
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T12:23:58Z

OSKT: /* Other places of interest */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Painting Abtd Club 1957.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A painting of the Abbottabad Club, c 1950s]]
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T12:22:53Z

OSKT: /* Other places of interest */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Painting Atd Club 1957.jpg|thumb|right|200px|A painting of the Abbottabad Club, c 1950s]]
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

File:Guard Gate at the Lucknow Residency.jpg

2012-12-08T12:20:02Z

OSKT: The Old Ruined Guard Gate at Lucknow, UP, India, c 1930s. Photo TSI Archives/collection already in the public domain

== Summary ==
The Old Ruined Guard Gate at Lucknow, UP, India, c 1930s. Photo TSI Archives/collection already in the public domain
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

File:Irregular Mounted Police, Sikh in Rural Punjab.jpg

2012-12-08T12:18:17Z

OSKT: Irregular Mounted Sikh Policeman, Punjab countryside, c 1930s. Photo from the TSI Archive/Collection already in the public domain for research etc

== Summary ==
Irregular Mounted Sikh Policeman, Punjab countryside, c 1930s. Photo from the TSI Archive/Collection already in the public domain for research etc
== Licensing ==
{{PD-author}}

File:Kims Gun Lahore 1934.jpg

2012-12-08T12:15:50Z

OSKT: 'Zam zama' or Kims Gun, the Mall, Lahore, 1934. Photo by my late grandfather A. Salim Khan, shared here from my personal collection

== Summary ==
'Zam zama' or Kims Gun, the Mall, Lahore, 1934. Photo by my late grandfather A. Salim Khan, shared here from my personal collection
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-sa-3.0}}

File:Qutub Minar Delhi, late 1920s.jpg

2012-12-08T12:13:56Z

OSKT: The Qutub Minar, Delhi, circa 1920s, old photo taken by my great-grandfather's brother Aslam Hayat Khan, shared here from personal collection

== Summary ==
The Qutub Minar, Delhi, circa 1920s, old photo taken by my great-grandfather's brother Aslam Hayat Khan, shared here from personal collection
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-sa-3.0}}

File:Painting Abtd Club 1957.jpg

2012-12-08T12:11:40Z

OSKT: Painting, water colour, of the Abbottabad club on Club Road, c 1957, by late Zahid Salim Khan, my uncle. Shared here

== Summary ==
Painting, water colour, of the Abbottabad club on Club Road, c 1957, by late Zahid Salim Khan, my uncle. Shared here
== Licensing ==
{{cc-by-sa-3.0}}

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T06:30:59Z

OSKT: /* Churches */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The small church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T06:30:23Z

OSKT: /* Churches */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>The mall church at Haripur, and smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Dungagali and Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T06:28:42Z

OSKT: /* Churches */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864<ref>Smaller seasonal churches in Nathiagali, Thandiani are also under St Luke's jurisdiction</ref>.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T06:24:07Z

OSKT: /* Churches */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan<ref>Now under the Church of Pakistan's [http://www.peshawardiocese.org/ Peshawar Diocese]</ref> set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Peshawar

2012-12-08T06:20:56Z

OSKT: /* Education */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=Bengal
|image=Peshawar_City%2C_India_-_Edwardes_Gate%2C_c_1870.jpg
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.015112,71.582634&z=11&t=h&hl=en 34.015112°N 71.582634°E]
|altitude= 510 m (1,673 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar Peshawar]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Peshawar|name=Peshawar|link=xxxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

During the British period '''Peshawar''' was the capital of [[North West Frontier Province]] and [[Peshawar District]] from 1901 until 1947. It was part of [[Punjab]] before then.

==Spelling variants==
Peshawer, Peshawur, Paishawar, Peyshawurr

==Education==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardes_College Edwardes College]<ref>It is now under the jurisdiction of the Peshawar Diocese of the Church of Pakistan, see External Links above</ref>
* Islamia College (now University) (1913)

==Churches==
[[Image:Peshawar Church of England.jpg|thumb|250px|St John's Church]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_Church,_Peshawar St. John's Church] (now Cathedral) (Garrison Church)

==Cemeteries==
[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA (British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia)]] cemetery publications are
*''Peshawar Cemetery, Pakistan'' by Susan Farrington, 1988 (2nd reprint 2001). c900 MIs dating from 1849. 195pp, profusely illustrated and plans
*''Peshawar Monumental Inscriptions II'' by Susan Farrington, 1991. More inscriptions from churches and other cemeteries. 168pp, profusely illustrated and plan

[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] are in the process of putting the indexes to its cemetery books online and these indexes are free to browse. If an indexed name is of interest then application can be made to BACSA for details of the relevant burial inscription - charges apply for this service.

The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA Archive]] at the British Library Mss F370 has items which may also be contained in the above books
*884 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials 1851-1864; register of graves, 1887-1888
*885 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1864-1870
*886 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1870-1879
*887 Peshawar and Cherat, Pakistan: burials at Peshawar, 1879-1890; burials at Cherat, 1879-1887
*888 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1890-1933

==Hospitals==
[[Image:Lady_Reading_Hospital_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Lady Reading Hospital]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Reading_Hospital Lady Reading Hospital](1924)

==Forts==
[[Image:Balahisar_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Balahisar]]
* [[Bala Hissar Fort, Peshawar|Balahisar]]

==External Links ==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Peshawar Peshawar] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V20_130.gif Peshawar City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.peshawardiocese.org/default.asp Diocese of Peshawar, Church of Pakistan]
*[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26.html Khyber [Masonic<nowiki>]</nowiki> Lodge, Peshawar]
**[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26/peshawar-remembered-mainmenu-43.html Peshawar Remembered] by Walter Reeve (born 1934) whose father was in the Indian Army, and later the Pakistan Army. The recollections of an English schoolboy growing up in Peshawar around the time of partition. See [[Murree]] for the author's memories of Murree.

====Images====
*[http://thevelvetrocket.com/2009/11/25/visiting-peshawar-scenes-and-pictures-of-pakistan Visiting Peshawar – Scenes And Pictures Of Pakistan] 2009 - Includes photos of St John’s Cathedral and the cemetery
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3912689013/ Photograph of Peshawar 1878] A view across the cantonment towards St John's Church and the distant mountains of the Khyber Pass, taken in 1878 by John Burke. (Flickr)
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3901783868/in/photostream Soldiers’ Married Quarters Peshawar] Postcard (Flickr)

====Historical books online====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabsindhmissi00clar#page/160/mode/2up "Peshawur"], page 160 ''The Punjab and Sindh missions of the Church Missionary Society Giving an account of their foundation and progress for thirty-three years, from 1852 to 1884. Second edition, considerably enlarged, of a book entitled "Thirty years of missionary work of the C.M.S. in the Punjab and Sindh"'' by Robert Clark 1885 Archive.org

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Peshawar

2012-12-08T06:19:39Z

OSKT: /* Historical books online */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=Bengal
|image=Peshawar_City%2C_India_-_Edwardes_Gate%2C_c_1870.jpg
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.015112,71.582634&z=11&t=h&hl=en 34.015112°N 71.582634°E]
|altitude= 510 m (1,673 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar Peshawar]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Peshawar|name=Peshawar|link=xxxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

During the British period '''Peshawar''' was the capital of [[North West Frontier Province]] and [[Peshawar District]] from 1901 until 1947. It was part of [[Punjab]] before then.

==Spelling variants==
Peshawer, Peshawur, Paishawar, Peyshawurr

==Education==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardes_College Edwardes College]<ref>It is now under the jurisdiction of the Peshawar Diocese of the Church of Pakistan</ref>
* Islamia College (now University) (1913)

==Churches==
[[Image:Peshawar Church of England.jpg|thumb|250px|St John's Church]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_Church,_Peshawar St. John's Church] (now Cathedral) (Garrison Church)

==Cemeteries==
[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA (British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia)]] cemetery publications are
*''Peshawar Cemetery, Pakistan'' by Susan Farrington, 1988 (2nd reprint 2001). c900 MIs dating from 1849. 195pp, profusely illustrated and plans
*''Peshawar Monumental Inscriptions II'' by Susan Farrington, 1991. More inscriptions from churches and other cemeteries. 168pp, profusely illustrated and plan

[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] are in the process of putting the indexes to its cemetery books online and these indexes are free to browse. If an indexed name is of interest then application can be made to BACSA for details of the relevant burial inscription - charges apply for this service.

The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA Archive]] at the British Library Mss F370 has items which may also be contained in the above books
*884 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials 1851-1864; register of graves, 1887-1888
*885 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1864-1870
*886 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1870-1879
*887 Peshawar and Cherat, Pakistan: burials at Peshawar, 1879-1890; burials at Cherat, 1879-1887
*888 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1890-1933

==Hospitals==
[[Image:Lady_Reading_Hospital_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Lady Reading Hospital]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Reading_Hospital Lady Reading Hospital](1924)

==Forts==
[[Image:Balahisar_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Balahisar]]
* [[Bala Hissar Fort, Peshawar|Balahisar]]

==External Links ==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Peshawar Peshawar] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V20_130.gif Peshawar City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.peshawardiocese.org/default.asp Diocese of Peshawar, Church of Pakistan]
*[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26.html Khyber [Masonic<nowiki>]</nowiki> Lodge, Peshawar]
**[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26/peshawar-remembered-mainmenu-43.html Peshawar Remembered] by Walter Reeve (born 1934) whose father was in the Indian Army, and later the Pakistan Army. The recollections of an English schoolboy growing up in Peshawar around the time of partition. See [[Murree]] for the author's memories of Murree.

====Images====
*[http://thevelvetrocket.com/2009/11/25/visiting-peshawar-scenes-and-pictures-of-pakistan Visiting Peshawar – Scenes And Pictures Of Pakistan] 2009 - Includes photos of St John’s Cathedral and the cemetery
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3912689013/ Photograph of Peshawar 1878] A view across the cantonment towards St John's Church and the distant mountains of the Khyber Pass, taken in 1878 by John Burke. (Flickr)
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3901783868/in/photostream Soldiers’ Married Quarters Peshawar] Postcard (Flickr)

====Historical books online====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabsindhmissi00clar#page/160/mode/2up "Peshawur"], page 160 ''The Punjab and Sindh missions of the Church Missionary Society Giving an account of their foundation and progress for thirty-three years, from 1852 to 1884. Second edition, considerably enlarged, of a book entitled "Thirty years of missionary work of the C.M.S. in the Punjab and Sindh"'' by Robert Clark 1885 Archive.org

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Peshawar

2012-12-08T06:19:04Z

OSKT: /* Education */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=Bengal
|image=Peshawar_City%2C_India_-_Edwardes_Gate%2C_c_1870.jpg
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.015112,71.582634&z=11&t=h&hl=en 34.015112°N 71.582634°E]
|altitude= 510 m (1,673 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar Peshawar]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Peshawar|name=Peshawar|link=xxxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

During the British period '''Peshawar''' was the capital of [[North West Frontier Province]] and [[Peshawar District]] from 1901 until 1947. It was part of [[Punjab]] before then.

==Spelling variants==
Peshawer, Peshawur, Paishawar, Peyshawurr

==Education==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardes_College Edwardes College]<ref>It is now under the jurisdiction of the Peshawar Diocese of the Church of Pakistan</ref>
* Islamia College (now University) (1913)

==Churches==
[[Image:Peshawar Church of England.jpg|thumb|250px|St John's Church]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_Church,_Peshawar St. John's Church] (now Cathedral) (Garrison Church)

==Cemeteries==
[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA (British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia)]] cemetery publications are
*''Peshawar Cemetery, Pakistan'' by Susan Farrington, 1988 (2nd reprint 2001). c900 MIs dating from 1849. 195pp, profusely illustrated and plans
*''Peshawar Monumental Inscriptions II'' by Susan Farrington, 1991. More inscriptions from churches and other cemeteries. 168pp, profusely illustrated and plan

[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] are in the process of putting the indexes to its cemetery books online and these indexes are free to browse. If an indexed name is of interest then application can be made to BACSA for details of the relevant burial inscription - charges apply for this service.

The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA Archive]] at the British Library Mss F370 has items which may also be contained in the above books
*884 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials 1851-1864; register of graves, 1887-1888
*885 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1864-1870
*886 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1870-1879
*887 Peshawar and Cherat, Pakistan: burials at Peshawar, 1879-1890; burials at Cherat, 1879-1887
*888 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1890-1933

==Hospitals==
[[Image:Lady_Reading_Hospital_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Lady Reading Hospital]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Reading_Hospital Lady Reading Hospital](1924)

==Forts==
[[Image:Balahisar_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Balahisar]]
* [[Bala Hissar Fort, Peshawar|Balahisar]]

==External Links ==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Peshawar Peshawar] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V20_130.gif Peshawar City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.peshawardiocese.org/default.asp Diocese of Peshawar, Church of Pakistan]
*[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26.html Khyber [Masonic<nowiki>]</nowiki> Lodge, Peshawar]
**[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26/peshawar-remembered-mainmenu-43.html Peshawar Remembered] by Walter Reeve (born 1934) whose father was in the Indian Army, and later the Pakistan Army. The recollections of an English schoolboy growing up in Peshawar around the time of partition. See [[Murree]] for the author's memories of Murree.

====Images====
*[http://thevelvetrocket.com/2009/11/25/visiting-peshawar-scenes-and-pictures-of-pakistan Visiting Peshawar – Scenes And Pictures Of Pakistan] 2009 - Includes photos of St John’s Cathedral and the cemetery
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3912689013/ Photograph of Peshawar 1878] A view across the cantonment towards St John's Church and the distant mountains of the Khyber Pass, taken in 1878 by John Burke. (Flickr)
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3901783868/in/photostream Soldiers’ Married Quarters Peshawar] Postcard (Flickr)

====Historical books online====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabsindhmissi00clar#page/160/mode/2up "Peshawur"], page 160 ''The Punjab and Sindh missions of the Church Missionary Society Giving an account of their foundation and progress for thirty-three years, from 1852 to 1884. Second edition, considerably enlarged, of a book entitled "Thirty years of missionary work of the C.M.S. in the Punjab and Sindh"'' by Robert Clark 1885 Archive.org

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Peshawar

2012-12-08T06:17:06Z

OSKT: /* Education */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=Bengal
|image=Peshawar_City%2C_India_-_Edwardes_Gate%2C_c_1870.jpg
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.015112,71.582634&z=11&t=h&hl=en 34.015112°N 71.582634°E]
|altitude= 510 m (1,673 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar Peshawar]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Peshawar|name=Peshawar|link=xxxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

During the British period '''Peshawar''' was the capital of [[North West Frontier Province]] and [[Peshawar District]] from 1901 until 1947. It was part of [[Punjab]] before then.

==Spelling variants==
Peshawer, Peshawur, Paishawar, Peyshawurr

==Education==
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardes_College Edwardes College]
* Islamia College (now University) (1913)

==Churches==
[[Image:Peshawar Church of England.jpg|thumb|250px|St John's Church]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_Church,_Peshawar St. John's Church] (now Cathedral) (Garrison Church)

==Cemeteries==
[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA (British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia)]] cemetery publications are
*''Peshawar Cemetery, Pakistan'' by Susan Farrington, 1988 (2nd reprint 2001). c900 MIs dating from 1849. 195pp, profusely illustrated and plans
*''Peshawar Monumental Inscriptions II'' by Susan Farrington, 1991. More inscriptions from churches and other cemeteries. 168pp, profusely illustrated and plan

[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] are in the process of putting the indexes to its cemetery books online and these indexes are free to browse. If an indexed name is of interest then application can be made to BACSA for details of the relevant burial inscription - charges apply for this service.

The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA Archive]] at the British Library Mss F370 has items which may also be contained in the above books
*884 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials 1851-1864; register of graves, 1887-1888
*885 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1864-1870
*886 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1870-1879
*887 Peshawar and Cherat, Pakistan: burials at Peshawar, 1879-1890; burials at Cherat, 1879-1887
*888 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1890-1933

==Hospitals==
[[Image:Lady_Reading_Hospital_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Lady Reading Hospital]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Reading_Hospital Lady Reading Hospital](1924)

==Forts==
[[Image:Balahisar_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Balahisar]]
* [[Bala Hissar Fort, Peshawar|Balahisar]]

==External Links ==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Peshawar Peshawar] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V20_130.gif Peshawar City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.peshawardiocese.org/default.asp Diocese of Peshawar, Church of Pakistan]
*[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26.html Khyber [Masonic<nowiki>]</nowiki> Lodge, Peshawar]
**[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26/peshawar-remembered-mainmenu-43.html Peshawar Remembered] by Walter Reeve (born 1934) whose father was in the Indian Army, and later the Pakistan Army. The recollections of an English schoolboy growing up in Peshawar around the time of partition. See [[Murree]] for the author's memories of Murree.

====Images====
*[http://thevelvetrocket.com/2009/11/25/visiting-peshawar-scenes-and-pictures-of-pakistan Visiting Peshawar – Scenes And Pictures Of Pakistan] 2009 - Includes photos of St John’s Cathedral and the cemetery
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3912689013/ Photograph of Peshawar 1878] A view across the cantonment towards St John's Church and the distant mountains of the Khyber Pass, taken in 1878 by John Burke. (Flickr)
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3901783868/in/photostream Soldiers’ Married Quarters Peshawar] Postcard (Flickr)

====Historical books online====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabsindhmissi00clar#page/160/mode/2up "Peshawur"], page 160 ''The Punjab and Sindh missions of the Church Missionary Society Giving an account of their foundation and progress for thirty-three years, from 1852 to 1884. Second edition, considerably enlarged, of a book entitled "Thirty years of missionary work of the C.M.S. in the Punjab and Sindh"'' by Robert Clark 1885 Archive.org

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Peshawar

2012-12-08T06:16:48Z

OSKT: /* Education */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=Bengal
|image=Peshawar_City%2C_India_-_Edwardes_Gate%2C_c_1870.jpg
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.015112,71.582634&z=11&t=h&hl=en 34.015112°N 71.582634°E]
|altitude= 510 m (1,673 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar Peshawar]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Peshawar|name=Peshawar|link=xxxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

During the British period '''Peshawar''' was the capital of [[North West Frontier Province]] and [[Peshawar District]] from 1901 until 1947. It was part of [[Punjab]] before then.

==Spelling variants==
Peshawer, Peshawur, Paishawar, Peyshawurr

==Education==
* [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwardes_College Edwardes College]
* Islamia College (now University) (1913)

==Churches==
[[Image:Peshawar Church of England.jpg|thumb|250px|St John's Church]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_Church,_Peshawar St. John's Church] (now Cathedral) (Garrison Church)

==Cemeteries==
[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA (British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia)]] cemetery publications are
*''Peshawar Cemetery, Pakistan'' by Susan Farrington, 1988 (2nd reprint 2001). c900 MIs dating from 1849. 195pp, profusely illustrated and plans
*''Peshawar Monumental Inscriptions II'' by Susan Farrington, 1991. More inscriptions from churches and other cemeteries. 168pp, profusely illustrated and plan

[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] are in the process of putting the indexes to its cemetery books online and these indexes are free to browse. If an indexed name is of interest then application can be made to BACSA for details of the relevant burial inscription - charges apply for this service.

The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA Archive]] at the British Library Mss F370 has items which may also be contained in the above books
*884 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials 1851-1864; register of graves, 1887-1888
*885 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1864-1870
*886 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1870-1879
*887 Peshawar and Cherat, Pakistan: burials at Peshawar, 1879-1890; burials at Cherat, 1879-1887
*888 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1890-1933

==Hospitals==
[[Image:Lady_Reading_Hospital_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Lady Reading Hospital]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Reading_Hospital Lady Reading Hospital](1924)

==Forts==
[[Image:Balahisar_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Balahisar]]
* [[Bala Hissar Fort, Peshawar|Balahisar]]

==External Links ==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Peshawar Peshawar] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V20_130.gif Peshawar City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.peshawardiocese.org/default.asp Diocese of Peshawar, Church of Pakistan]
*[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26.html Khyber [Masonic<nowiki>]</nowiki> Lodge, Peshawar]
**[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26/peshawar-remembered-mainmenu-43.html Peshawar Remembered] by Walter Reeve (born 1934) whose father was in the Indian Army, and later the Pakistan Army. The recollections of an English schoolboy growing up in Peshawar around the time of partition. See [[Murree]] for the author's memories of Murree.

====Images====
*[http://thevelvetrocket.com/2009/11/25/visiting-peshawar-scenes-and-pictures-of-pakistan Visiting Peshawar – Scenes And Pictures Of Pakistan] 2009 - Includes photos of St John’s Cathedral and the cemetery
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3912689013/ Photograph of Peshawar 1878] A view across the cantonment towards St John's Church and the distant mountains of the Khyber Pass, taken in 1878 by John Burke. (Flickr)
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3901783868/in/photostream Soldiers’ Married Quarters Peshawar] Postcard (Flickr)

====Historical books online====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabsindhmissi00clar#page/160/mode/2up "Peshawur"], page 160 ''The Punjab and Sindh missions of the Church Missionary Society Giving an account of their foundation and progress for thirty-three years, from 1852 to 1884. Second edition, considerably enlarged, of a book entitled "Thirty years of missionary work of the C.M.S. in the Punjab and Sindh"'' by Robert Clark 1885 Archive.org

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Peshawar

2012-12-08T06:13:09Z

OSKT: /* Spelling variants */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=Bengal
|image=Peshawar_City%2C_India_-_Edwardes_Gate%2C_c_1870.jpg
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.015112,71.582634&z=11&t=h&hl=en 34.015112°N 71.582634°E]
|altitude= 510 m (1,673 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peshawar Peshawar]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, old NWFP]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Peshawar|name=Peshawar|link=xxxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

During the British period '''Peshawar''' was the capital of [[North West Frontier Province]] and [[Peshawar District]] from 1901 until 1947. It was part of [[Punjab]] before then.

==Spelling variants==
Peshawer, Peshawur, Paishawar, Peyshawurr

==Education==
* Edwardes College
* Islamia College (now University) (1913)

==Churches==
[[Image:Peshawar Church of England.jpg|thumb|250px|St John's Church]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._John's_Church,_Peshawar St. John's Church] (now Cathedral) (Garrison Church)

==Cemeteries==
[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA (British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia)]] cemetery publications are
*''Peshawar Cemetery, Pakistan'' by Susan Farrington, 1988 (2nd reprint 2001). c900 MIs dating from 1849. 195pp, profusely illustrated and plans
*''Peshawar Monumental Inscriptions II'' by Susan Farrington, 1991. More inscriptions from churches and other cemeteries. 168pp, profusely illustrated and plan

[[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]] are in the process of putting the indexes to its cemetery books online and these indexes are free to browse. If an indexed name is of interest then application can be made to BACSA for details of the relevant burial inscription - charges apply for this service.

The [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA Archive]] at the British Library Mss F370 has items which may also be contained in the above books
*884 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials 1851-1864; register of graves, 1887-1888
*885 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1864-1870
*886 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1870-1879
*887 Peshawar and Cherat, Pakistan: burials at Peshawar, 1879-1890; burials at Cherat, 1879-1887
*888 Peshawar, Pakistan: burials, 1890-1933

==Hospitals==
[[Image:Lady_Reading_Hospital_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Lady Reading Hospital]]
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Reading_Hospital Lady Reading Hospital](1924)

==Forts==
[[Image:Balahisar_Peshawar.jpg|thumb|300px|Balahisar]]
* [[Bala Hissar Fort, Peshawar|Balahisar]]

==External Links ==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Peshawar Peshawar] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V20_130.gif Peshawar City] Imperial Gazetteer of India 
*[http://www.peshawardiocese.org/default.asp Diocese of Peshawar, Church of Pakistan]
*[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26.html Khyber [Masonic<nowiki>]</nowiki> Lodge, Peshawar]
**[http://www.khyberlodge.co.uk/about-khyber-mainmenu-26/peshawar-remembered-mainmenu-43.html Peshawar Remembered] by Walter Reeve (born 1934) whose father was in the Indian Army, and later the Pakistan Army. The recollections of an English schoolboy growing up in Peshawar around the time of partition. See [[Murree]] for the author's memories of Murree.

====Images====
*[http://thevelvetrocket.com/2009/11/25/visiting-peshawar-scenes-and-pictures-of-pakistan Visiting Peshawar – Scenes And Pictures Of Pakistan] 2009 - Includes photos of St John’s Cathedral and the cemetery
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3912689013/ Photograph of Peshawar 1878] A view across the cantonment towards St John's Church and the distant mountains of the Khyber Pass, taken in 1878 by John Burke. (Flickr)
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3901783868/in/photostream Soldiers’ Married Quarters Peshawar] Postcard (Flickr)

====Historical books online====
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/punjabsindhmissi00clar#page/160/mode/2up "Peshawur"], page 160 ''The Punjab and Sindh missions of the Church Missionary Society Giving an account of their foundation and progress for thirty-three years, from 1852 to 1884. Second edition, considerably enlarged, of a book entitled "Thirty years of missionary work of the C.M.S. in the Punjab and Sindh"'' by Robert Clark 1885 Archive.org

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Sialkot

2012-12-08T06:10:31Z

OSKT: /* Churches */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency= [[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=32.497222,74.536111&z=10&t=h&hl=en 32.497222°N 74.536111°E]
|altitude= 256 m (840 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialkot Sialkot]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan) Punjab]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Sialkot|name=Sialkot |link=xxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

'''Sialkot''' was the headquarters of [[Sialkot District]] in the [[Lahore Division]] of [[Punjab|Punjab Province]] during the British period. 

== Spelling Variants ==
Modern name: Sialkot 
Variants: Sealkote, Siyal Kot, Sialhkot

== History ==
====Military history====
*[[Mutiny at Sealkote]]

==Education==
[[Image:Murray_College_Sialkot.jpg|thumb|200px|Murray College (2007)]]
* Scotch Mission College (later [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_College Murray College]) (est 1889).

==Churches==
[[Image:Sialkot_Holy_Trinity_Church.jpg|thumb|200px|Holy Trinity Church]]
* Holy Trinity Church (now Cathedral), originally consecrated January 1857.

== External Links ==
[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Sialkot Sialkot] Love to Know 1911 
[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?volume=22&objectid=DS405.1.I34_V22_340.gif Sialkot Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India 

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Sialkot

2012-12-08T06:08:11Z

OSKT: /* Education */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency= [[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=32.497222,74.536111&z=10&t=h&hl=en 32.497222°N 74.536111°E]
|altitude= 256 m (840 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialkot Sialkot]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan) Punjab]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Sialkot|name=Sialkot |link=xxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

'''Sialkot''' was the headquarters of [[Sialkot District]] in the [[Lahore Division]] of [[Punjab|Punjab Province]] during the British period. 

== Spelling Variants ==
Modern name: Sialkot 
Variants: Sealkote, Siyal Kot, Sialhkot

== History ==
====Military history====
*[[Mutiny at Sealkote]]

==Education==
[[Image:Murray_College_Sialkot.jpg|thumb|200px|Murray College (2007)]]
* Scotch Mission College (later [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murray_College Murray College]) (est 1889).

==Churches==
[[Image:Sialkot_Holy_Trinity_Church.jpg|thumb|200px|Holy Trinity Church]]
* Holy Trinity Church (now Cathedral)

== External Links ==
[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Sialkot Sialkot] Love to Know 1911 
[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?volume=22&objectid=DS405.1.I34_V22_340.gif Sialkot Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India 

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Sialkot

2012-12-08T06:02:47Z

OSKT: /* Spelling Variants */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency= [[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=32.497222,74.536111&z=10&t=h&hl=en 32.497222°N 74.536111°E]
|altitude= 256 m (840 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sialkot Sialkot]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Punjab_(Pakistan) Punjab]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}
{{Places of Interest|title=Sialkot|name=Sialkot |link=xxxx}}
=====THIS PAGE IS WAITING FOR MORE DETAILED INFORMATION=====

'''Sialkot''' was the headquarters of [[Sialkot District]] in the [[Lahore Division]] of [[Punjab|Punjab Province]] during the British period. 

== Spelling Variants ==
Modern name: Sialkot 
Variants: Sealkote, Siyal Kot, Sialhkot

== History ==
====Military history====
*[[Mutiny at Sealkote]]

==Education==
[[Image:Murray_College_Sialkot.jpg|thumb|200px|Murray College (2007)]]
* Scotch Mission College (later Murray College) (1889).

==Churches==
[[Image:Sialkot_Holy_Trinity_Church.jpg|thumb|200px|Holy Trinity Church]]
* Holy Trinity Church (now Cathedral)

== External Links ==
[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Sialkot Sialkot] Love to Know 1911 
[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?volume=22&objectid=DS405.1.I34_V22_340.gif Sialkot Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India 

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T06:00:27Z

OSKT: /* Other places of interest */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes<ref>In fact, Pakistan is now the leading commercial producer of the highland bagpipes, at [[Sialkot]], in Punjab; See [http://www.npr.org/2012/07/26/157356034/in-pakistan-sounds-of-a-different-kin-of-drone Introduction to Pakistan's bagpipes manufacture in Sialkot] </ref>, were originally trained here for a considerable time since the late 19th century, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERs retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. However, the Pakistan Army School of Music was first set up after Partition (1947) at Cherat, near [[Peshawar]], but then shifted to Abbottabad and amalgamated with the PIFFERs band, in 1956. Since then, the School has developed a great deal. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience. [http://kremlin-military-tattoo.ru/en/participants/Pakistan/detail.php?ID=1061 A Note on the Pakistan Army Band at the Kremlin, Russia, 2011] .

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Abbottabad

2012-12-08T05:37:05Z

OSKT: /* Former Boer War POW Camp */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' (established late 19th century originally) is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes, are also trained here for a considerable time, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERS retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience.

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]

Chitral

2012-12-08T05:34:53Z

OSKT: made amendments

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image=
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=35.834883,71.780744&z=14&t=h&hl=en 35.834883°N, 71.780744°E]
|altitude= 1,100 m (3,609 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitral Chitral]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
|transport=
}}

'''Chitral''' town was the capital of [[Chitral State]].

== History ==
* [[Siege and Relief of Chitral]] 1895

== External Links ==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chitral Chitral] Wikipedia 
*[http://www.devonheritage.org/Nonplace/DevonReg/Chitral1895-1.TheBackground.htm Chitral 1895] www.devonheritage.org
*[http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/gallery/2011/oct/17/pakistan-kalash-valley-taliban Photographs taken in Chitral] guardian.co.uk Monday 17 October 2011
[[Category:Locations]]
===Historical books online===
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/makingoffrontier00durarich#page/n9/mode/2up ''Making of a frontier: five years' experiences and adventures in Gilgit, Hunza, Nagar, Chitral & the eastern Hindu-Kush''] by Algernon Durand 1900 Archive.org

Abbottabad

2012-12-07T12:51:51Z

OSKT: /* Near Abbottabad */

{{Locations_Infobox
|presidency=[[Bengal]]
|image=Abbottabad view 1.jpg|A view of Abbottabad town and valley from the hills
|coordinates= [http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=34.191057,73.330059&z=10&t=h&hl=en 34.191057°N 73.330059°E]
|altitude= 1,260 m (4,134 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad Abbottabad]
|stateprovince=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Old NWFP]
|country=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan Pakistan]
}}

{{Places of Interest|title=Abbottabad |name=Abbottabad |link=http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?msid=211401480495186034184.0004bb5d9078cda382818&msa=0 }}

'''Abbottabad''' was the main town and capital in [[Hazara District]] of the [[North West Frontier Province]] during the British period. It is around 35 miles north of [[Rawalpindi]]. Some of the main [[Hill station]]s near Abbottabad include [[Thandiani]], [[Dunga Gali]], [[Bara Gali]], [[Khanspur]] and [[Nathiagali]].
[[Image:Abbottabad_night_nwfp.jpg|thumb|200px|The city at night]]

==Name origin==
Abbottabad is named after its founder and first Deputy Commissioner of the Hazara region, [[James Abbott]], a British officer. Abbott founded the town in January 1853<ref>''Gazetteer of the Hazara District, 1883-84'' Published by the Government of the Punjab, Lahore, 1884, p.36 </ref>. However, soon after founding this town, Abbott was posted away in April 1853 and his successor Deputy Commissioner [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] took on the task of developing it, along the lines envisaged by the founder himself. This was subsequently done, over some years, by Edwardes and his successors, with the result that Abbottabad became noted throughout British India as a small military town of considerable distinction and beauty.

==Education==
Some of the better known and established schools and colleges in Abbottabad are:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Army_Burn_Hall_College Army Burn Hall College, formerly Burn Hall School, established 1947-48 by the Mill Hill Missionaries]

*[http://www.aps.edu.pk The Abbottabad Public School, formerly the Railway Public School at Abbottabad]

*[http://www.pipsatd-edu.pk The Pakistan International Public School and College]

* The Old Municipal Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 1)

* The Old Albert Victor Anglo-Vernacular High School (now The Government High School and College No 2)

==Hospitals==
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combined_Military_Hospital The Combined Military Hospitals, Pakistan] Abbottabad branch Class B (Wikipedia)

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayub_Medical_College The Ayub Medical College and Teaching Hospital Abbottabad] (Wikipedia)

== Former Boer War POW Camp ==

'''Kakul (Kakool)''' is situated 5 kms northeast of Abbottabad. The following information was sent in by Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.

''1. Until April 1901 the British captured approx 25,000 Boers. Of these various numbers were sent to various places as POWs (See [[POW Camps in India#Boer War| POW Camps in India-Boer War]]).''

''2. Only a total of 9000 Boer POWs were ever sent out to India of this number, and they were held in some 14-15 camps in selected Indian cantonments. Abbottabad was only one of these and the number of POWs here from 1902 onwards until 1904 was around 300-400 most times, and they were never ever more than 400-450. A few of them succumbed to illness and disease and are still buried here at Kakul/Kakool about 6 kms out of Abbottabad town, within the compound of what is now the PMA (Pakistan Military Academy) there. The majority were all sent home. A member of [[British Association for Cemeteries in South Asia|BACSA]], Ms Sue Farrington did a survey of the Boers' graves here in the 1980s-90s and her findings are also available on record I believe.'' [http://www.bacsa.org.uk BACSA Website]

''3. The duty of guarding the Boer POWs fell exclusively upon the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (Frontier Force) as Abbottabad was their home station, and they in fact levelled and prepared the location where the camp was and also looked after their charges in every way. The best account of them is given in the ''History of the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles, 1858 to 1928'' Aldershot: Gale and Polden, 1928, and this confirms all other records and verifiable sources. A very good mention is also made in an article by C Parrett in ''Durbar: Journal of the IMHS'' Vol 28, No 1, Spring 2011, regarding Boer POWS in India.'' [http://www.imhs.org.uk IMHS Website]

''4. Whilst here the Boers also had to do some manual labour in metalling the Havelian-Abbottabad stretch of hill road. The 'Hazara District Gazeteer' for 1907 gives this information.''

''5. When they left in 1904, the site of their [POW camp was partially converted into the Army PT and Mountaineering school and part of it into Royal Indian Army Service Corps (RIASC) local/regional HQ. Both these facilities lasted here until 1947.''

''6. In 1947 India and Pakistan became independent. In 1947 Pakistan decided to set up its military academy here at Kakul and this was done in 1948, with Brig Ingalls as the first principal/commandant of the PMA. Brig Shuakat Ali Shah followed him in command here in 1956, with my grandfather (then) Colonel Azmat Hayat Khan, as Deputy Commandant.'' <ref>Email to FIBIS Webmaster dated 8 November 2012 from Prof Omer SK Tarin. Director, TSI, Abbottabad, Pakistan.''
</ref>. Since then the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan_Military_Academy The Pakistan Military Academy] has expanded considerably.

==FIBIS resources==
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=884&s_id=241 List of Chaplains at St Luke's, Abbottabad]
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=266 Surviving graves at the Old Christian Cemetery, Abbottabad]
:*An article by Professor Omer SK Tarin accompanying these data sets appears in ''[[FIBIS Journal]] 27, Spring 2012'', pages 23-29
*[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=954&s_id=56 Selections from the The Sophia Institute Records, Pakistan] - 'The Sophia Institute' is a research and higher educational training organisation in Abbottabad. The institute houses a small library and archives although the larger part of older records have now been passed on to (a) the Empire and Commonwealth Museum UK<ref>In fact, since the closure of this museum this year, these records are now with the Bristol city museums and archives</ref> (b) the National Archives of Pakistan and (c) some university archives in Pakistani universities/departments etc. They are willing to answer/help with queries at a small cost, if people are interested in consulting their records (c 1860s to 1947). As they are a volunteer non profit body and have few staff, responses might take time. If anyone has any query they can email [mailto:khani_578@yahoo.com Dr Ilyas Khan], Senior Research Assistant.

==Churches==
[[Image:St luke's nowadays.jpg|thumb|right|200px| St Luke's Church Abbottabad]]
* '''St Luke's Church''' - Anglican, consecrated 1864.

For enquiries contact:

The Vicar 
St Luke's Church, 
near Main GPO, 
Abbottabad 22010, Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-334105 (9 am to 6 pm PST, Monday to Friday)

For the history of this church and a list of its chaplains, see [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section above.

* In addition to the old St Luke's Anglican Church (now part of the Church of Pakistan set-up, combining the Anglican, Lutheran and Methodists) Abbottabad also has two other churches, which were built and consecrated later:

(i) The '''Roman Catholic Church''' (late 19th c)

(ii)The '''Abbottabad American Presbyterian Church''' (early 20th c)--they also have another church and mission hospital at Qalandarabad, between Abbottabad and [[Mansehra]] town.

Although these two churches have also been keeping their own records from around the 1920s onwards, these are not as yet open or accessible to the general public and/or researchers, without a long application process.

==Cemeteries==
[[Image:OCC approach.jpg|thumb|right|200px|View of the Old Christian Cemetery, approach]]
*Old Christian Cemetery (OCC) - In the Old Abbottabad Cantonment. See [[Abbottabad#FIBIS_resources|resources]] section.

*Police Lines Cemetery -- Also has a few Christian graves dating from British times.

* ''Masihi Qabristan'' -- Is another Christian graveyard, in the Civil Lines, which contains other Christian graves, mostly of natives.

==Other places of interest==
Other main places of interest in Abbottabad, bearing relevance to the British colonial rule here from 1849 to 1947, include the following:

* '''The Lady Garden Park''' : An old park laid out during the 1850s-60s for the British and European ladies and children of the Abbottabad garrison. It is now a public park. [http://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lady_Garden_Park A Simple English Wikipedia Note on the Lady Garden Park in Abbottabad]

* '''Lockhart House''' : An old house, built here in Abbottabad by the late General Sir [[William Lockhart]] (1841-1900), GCB, KCSI. His family used to come and spend time here regularly here each summer, and apparently General Lockhart was also very fond of this town and resort. Interestingly, this is also sometimes referred to locally as 'Kipling House' because [[John Lockwood Kipling]], father of the writer [[Rudyard Kipling]] stayed here a number of times, along with the Lockharts. Did Rudyard Kipling ever visit here too? This is a debatable point, and not quite clear<ref>It is discussed by Omer S.K. Tarin, in 'The Kiplings in Abbottabad? A Brief Report' in ''The Kipling Journal'' (UK), Vol 86, No 346, June 2012, pp. 25-30</ref>.

* '''The Frontier Force Regimental Mess''' : Is the old officers' mess of the 'Piffers', the Punjab Frontier Force Rifles, later Regiment. A part of it probably dates back to the 1850s although most of the present structure and grounds date back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It is one of the best maintained British colonial buildings in all of modern Pakistan, with lovely lawns (with the Old Piffers Monument from [[Kohat]] now shifted and re-erected here) and some very rare records and artifacts. Unfortunately, the FFR Mess isn't generally open to the public, without prior permission from the Adjutant-General, Pakistan Army, GHQ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Needless to say this is a long and somewhat tedious process, although the officials concerned are always very courteous in their public dealings. [http://www.pakistanarmy.gov.pk/ Pakistan Army Official site, Queries can be made via 'Contact Us' Form]

* '''The Abbott Museum''' is a new initiative taken by the local district administration in Abbottabad, in collaboration with the Hazara University departments of History and Archaeology. This small museum (named after James Abbott) established in the main old town hall has a modest permanent exhibition of (a) old records collected from various sources or gifted by people, relating to the earliest establishment and administration of Abbottabad town from 1853 onwards and (b) other, local crafts and arts exhibits, chiefly relating to the ethnology of the Hazara region in which Abbottabad town is situated. For further information please contact:

The Incharge 
The Abbott Museum 
Old Town Hall Building 
Near Company Bagh, Abbottabad 22010 
Pakistan 
Tel: +92-992-9310103 (9 am to 3 pm PST Monday to Thursday and 9 am to 12 noon PST on Friday)

* '''Various old houses in the Old Cantonment''' that had been originally built during British times, and many were either owned or leased by British officers, military and civil. Some of these houses have interesting stories attached to them, and their histories can be looked up the records of the MEO (Military Estate Office) Abbottabad.
[[Image:Old.jpg|thumb|right|200px|The Haunted House in Abbottabad's Old Cantonment]]

* '''The Abbottabad Officers Club''' on Club Road, in Abbottabad Cantonment, is another interesting relic of British times, and has a nice little library where old books and registers/club records may be consulted, on obtaining permission from the Club Secretary. It is also worth seeing for its typical old Billiards Room and the now-abandoned Bar Room.

* '''Bokhara House''' and the nearby '''Bokhara Shahzada (Prince) Mosque''' on the Circular Road, are also of some interest to visitors who have a fascination for the Anglo-Soviet 'Great Game' during the 19th-20th century, immortalised by Rudyard Kipling in his ''[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_(novel) Kim]''. In September 1920, one of the Emirs, or kings of Bokhara, in Central Asia, was forced to flee from the Soviet attack on his country<ref>P Hopkirk, ''The Great Game'', London, 1990, pp.443-444</ref>. After spending some time in penury in Afghanistan, he was made welcome by the Government of British India<ref>Hopkirk, aa</ref> and an allowance settled on him and a house allotted in Abbottabad. The ex-Emir died here soon after, and his son, one of the 'Shahzadas' (princes) of Bokhara, continued to live here with his family and became a permanent resident of the town. His family/descendants still own this property and the house is worth seeing (with due permission from the owners) for its lovely architecture and many quaint Central Asian style innovations. Nearby is the small 'Bokhara Shahzada Masjid' (Prince of Bokhara Mosque) which was built and endowed by this generous prince-in-exile, and even today many young and needy students are supported in their Quranic studies here via grants originally made some 70 years ago.

* The '''Old District Courts''' , '''Muhafiz Khana''' (Public Records Office) and '''Revenue Offices''' on Katcheri Road.

* The old '''Deputy Commissioner's Residence''' in the Civil Lines (Circular Road).

* The '''Frontier Force Regimental Center''' and the '''Baluch Regimental Center''' are both in Abbottabad, too, but out of bounds for all civilians.

* The '''Army School of Music''' (established late 19th century originally) is the Pakistan Army's central musical school/institute, where most of its army bands and musicians are trained. The famous 'PIFFERS' bagpipers, who still wear many old Highland tartans and play the Highlanders' bagpipes, are also trained here for a considerable time, after a tough selection process from all PIFFER regiment battalions. These are the pipers who even go and win awards at the Edinburgh tattoo and other Highland games in Scotland. The Frontier Force/PIFFERS retain their connections with the Scottish regiments. Again, permission has to be obtained ''a priori'' to visit the School of Music, but it's a truly fascinating experience.

==Near Abbottabad==
There are also some places of interest near Abbottabad town (apart from '''Kakul/Kakool''' already discussed above) that are worth mentioning:

* '''[[Mansehra]] town''' is an interesting location, a small town beyond Abbottabad some 30-35 minutes drive away. It was originally established by a [[Sikh]] official, Man Singh, during the early 19th century and had a small fort and bazaar and some houses attached to it. Later on, after the British annexation of the Punjab in 1849, the town became the local headquarters of the Mansehra sub-district, or sub-division. Apart from some places of interest in the town itself, the present Mansehra district has a number of places with British colonial connections--such as the ''Kala Dhaka'' (Black Mountain) enclave and the Amb-Shergarh (Tanawal) area, which was once [[Amb State]]. Further details are available on the Mansehra town page.

* '''Sherwan Range''' : The Sherwan Range is a range of hills, starting from the 'Shimla Hill' (as distinct from [[Simla]], now in India) close to Abbottabad town and stretching out towards Mansehra area. During British times, it had a small Police ''Chowki'' or fortress that was set up there to check smuggling and brigandage. This still exists and some interesting old records and log books, with comments by British officers.

* '''[[Haripur]]''' town is down country, about 45 minutes drive from Abbottabad, in the Hazara plains. It was founded by Sardar Hari Singh Nalwa, a 19th century Sikh governor of the region. Apart from the Harkishan Garh Fort and old Sikh town and bazaar, some remnants of British rule also exist there and in the town's environs. Further details are available on the [[Haripur]] page.

* The Hazara '''Hill Tract''' or '''Hill stations''' , have also been discussed in individual pages, in detail.

==Some notable people of Abbottabad==
Given below are links to articles on some notable people associated with Abbottabad, circa 1850s to 1950s:

*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Abbott_(Indian_Army_officer) James Abbott] Founder and first Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herbert_Benjamin_Edwardes Herbert Edwardes] 2nd Deputy Commissioner
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lockhart_(Indian_Army_officer) Gen.Sir William Lockhart] Resident and admirer
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Power_Palmer General Sir Arthur Power Palmer] C-in-C India and former Commandant of the Punjab Frontier Force here, from 1898-1900
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Anthony_Porteous Patrick Anthony Porteous] Victoria Cross recepient, born here 1918
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Begum_Mahmooda_Salim_Khan Begum Mahmooda Salim Khan] long-time resident and early Pakistani social activist and woman minister
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manoj_Kumar Manoj Kumar] famous Indian movie star, born here

==External links==
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Abbottabad Abbottabad] Love to Know 1911 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_009.gif Abbottabad Town] Imperial Gazetteer of India
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/dictionaryofindi00buckuoft#page/xii/mode/1up James Abbott] Dictionary of Indian Biography 1906
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbottabad_%28poem%29 Abbott's poem] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Luke's_Church,_Abbottabad Further note on St Luke's Church Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Christian_Cemetery,_Abbottabad Further note on the Old Christian Cemetery Abbottabad] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Force_Regiment Comprehensive Note on the Frontier Force Regiment] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Gorkha_Rifles_(Frontier_Force) Detailed Note on the 5th Royal Gurkha Rifles (FF)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/soc_fra.htm The Kipling Society UK] The Kipling Society UK's searchable archive for the Journal

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]