[[Image:15th Ludhiana Sikhs.jpg|right|thumb|350px|15th Ludhiana Sikhs]]
Known as '''15th Ludhiana Sikhs''' or '''15th Loodiana Sikhs''' or '''15th Sikhs'''
==Chronology and Designations==
*'''1846''' The Regiment of Ludhiana
*'''1861''' The 16th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry
*'''1861''' The 15th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry
*'''1864''' The 15th (Ludhiana) Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry
*'''1885''' The 15th Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry (Ludhiana Sikhs)
*'''1901''' The '''15th (Ludhiana) Sikh Infantry'''
*'''1903''' The 15th Ludhiana Sikhs
*'''1922''' The 2nd Bn/[[11th Sikh Regiment]]
*'''1935''' The 2nd Royal Battalion (Ludhiana Sikhs) 11th Sikh Regt
*'''1947''' allocated to India on Partition

==War Diaries, First World War==
*A transcribed war diary (of an original handwritten diary, where the handwriting has been deciphered for you!) is available for 15th Ludhiana Sikhs 1914-15 on the Western Front.<ref>[https://www.amazon.co.uk/Great-War-Diaries-Ludhiana-1914-15-ebook/dp/B076X75N31/ ''Great War Diaries: 15th Ludhiana Sikhs War Diary 1914-15: Indian Army on the Western Front'']. Available on Kindle - Kindle App available to read the Diary.</ref> See [[Western Front#War Diaries| Western Front - War Diaries]] for more details.

[[File:2dRylBn11Sikhs-NClrs 1.jpg|thumb|350px|2nd Royal Bn (Ludhiana Sikhs) 11th Sikh Regt Colours Ceremony]]
==The Ceremony of the Presentation of New Colours to the 2nd Royal Bn (Ludhiana Sikhs) 11th Sikh Regiment==
The following text of the Regiment of Ludhiana was transcribed from the programme booklet "The Ceremony of the Presentation of New Colours to the 2nd Royal Bn (Ludhiana Sikhs) 11th Sikh Regiment" and donated to FIBIS in Feb 2022.
The complete booklet has been uploaded to the FIBIS database along with the dataset.

===History===
On June 30th 1846, Major P. Gordon, by order of Lord Gough, raised the battalion at Ludhiana under the name of the "Regiment of Ludhiana".

By October of the same year the strength of the Battalion was 1160 and in the following year it moved to Meerut where it received its first colours.

The first action of note in the regiment was its part in the time of the mutiny when it was stationed at Benares. There it was in charge of the Treasury and prevented it from falling into the hands of the mutineers. Many awards for bravery were won and it was here that the first V. C. was won by Sergeant Major Gill of the regiment. He was awarded it for saving the life of Major Brett.

The Battalion next saw service during the Boxer rebellion in China in 1859 to 1862 where it took a prominent part in the defence of Shanghai against Tse Ping.

In the Year 1880 the Battalion was fighting in Afghanistan with the South Afghanistan Field Force. It marched to Kabul, taking part in the battle of Ahmed Khel ''en route''. It took part in the relief of Kandahar under General Roberts.

The Battalion was again ordered overseas in 1885 this time to Africa. One of its most famous actions took place at Tofrek in the battle known as MacNeill's zareba.

Here the Battalion with the rest of the force was collecting brushwood from the surrounding scrub to construct the zareba, when, with practically no warning, a fierce and sudden attack by overwhelming numbers of the Mahdi's men was made on the flank on which the Battalion was working. Luckily the men were working with their arms slung and were able to put up a stout defence giving time for the Berkshire Regiment to fall in and come to its assistance.

A sanguinary battle followed in the course of which the British forces lost 455 men and 176 wounded while the losses of the enemy were estimated at 2000.

It was here that the Berkshire Regiment won its title of "Royal" and since then a close liaison has been maintained between the two regiments.

Both Regiments celebrate "Tofrek Day" in commemoration of this notable day in their histories. To-day, the 22nd of March is "Tofrek Day".

After the African Campaign the Regiment returned to India and saw service in the North West Frontier and in Chitral.

1914 saw the Battalion embark for France and the Great War. On the 26th September it disembarked at Marseilles, the first of the Indian Infantry to set foot in that country. The appearance of the troops caused great excitement among the inhabitants, particularly among the barbers who, knowing nothing about Sikhs, thought that the voyage and the long spell at sea were responsible for their beards!

For a year the Battalion fought with distinction under conditions, climatic and otherwise, which the men had never known. It was present and fought at Neuve Chappelle, Aubers, Ypres, St Julian and Festubert.

At Festubert, Lt (now Lt.-Col) J. G. Smyth won his V. C., the second to be won in the Regiment.

In August 1915 the Regiment proceeded to Egypt where it took part in the Senussi operations and distinguished itself particularly at the action at Bir Shola. The following year the Battalion returned to India arriving at Peshawar on the 27th January, 1916.

This year saw them again on service on the Mohmand blockade. This was followed in 1919 by the Afghan war.

The Battalion proceeded overseas for the fourth time in 1920, this time to Mesopotamia where it took part in the suppression of the Arab rebellion in the operations in Kurdistan in 1822 and 1923.

Followed by a spell of comparative peace until 1936-37 when the Battalion found itself taking a very active part in the Waziristan operations. From these it has only recently returned.

===Battle Honours===
Battle Honours borne on the King's Colour of the 11th Sikh Regiment are:
* 1914 La Bassee.
* 1915 Neuve Chapelle, Ypres.
* 1916 Helles, Suvla, Megiddo, Tigris.
* 1917 Kut-al-Amara. Sharqat. Tsingtao.

Battle Honours borne on the Regimental Colours:
* Defence of Arrah.
* Lucknow.
* Behar.
* China 1860-62.
* Ali Masjid.
* Ahmed Khel.
* Kandahar 1880.
* Afghanistan 1878-80.
* Tofrek.
* Suakin 1885.
* Defence of Chitral.
* Chitral.
* Malakand.
* Punjab Frontier.
* Samana.
* Tirah.
* China 1900.
* Afghanistan 1919.

===Speech by His Excellency the Governor of the NW Frontier Province===
Transcript of the speech given by His Excellency the Governor of the North West Frontier Province at the presentation of Colours to the 2nd Battalion (Ludhiana Kishs) 11th Sikh Regiment at Nowshera on the 22nd March, 1939.

Major Birdwood, Officers, Non Commissioned Officers and Men of the 2nd Royal Battalion, 11th Sikh Regiment:

It is a matter of great pride to me that I am privileged to present new Colours to your Battalion on behalf of His Majesty the King-Emperor.

To-day, March the 22nd, is a day already commemorated by your Battalion every year. For on this date, 54 years ago, the battle of Tofrek was fought in which the 15th Ludhiana Sikhs, fighting shoulder to shoulder with the Royal Berkshire Regiment, won a victory of which the memory is still fresh in our minds. It must, I know, be an added pleasure to you to-day that you are able to associate the presentation of your Colours with the annual celebration.

From the time, nearly 100 years ago, when your Battalion was raised, it has held a conspicuous place in the history of the Indian Army. It is distinguished not only for the number of occasions on which it has been sent overseas, but also for the length of time it has spent on active service. In China, Afghanistan, Sudan and, in more recent times, in France, Egypt and Iraq your Battalion has won honour and distinction. Yours was the first Battalion of Indian troops to land at Marseilles in 1914. The names of La Bassie, Neuve Chapelle and Ypres, which your new Colours record, bear testimony to the important battles in which you took part on the Western Front.

Here, also, on the North-West Frontier, your deeds are well known. Above all, during the last two years in Waziristan, you have added even further honours to the reputation of your Regiment by the fine spirit you displayed in the many engagements in which you took part.

In 1935 your Battalion was honoured with the title "Royal". To-day another Royal gift has been bestowed upon you. These Colours which have now been given into your keeping are a symbol of your solidierly pride in serving the King-Emperor. I am confident that you and your successors will never fail to maintain to the full that spirit of courage and initiative which has always been the tradition of your Battalion in the past.

I join with the many friends whom you have made during your service in this Province in wishing all of you good fortune in the future wherever you may be.

==FIBIS resources==
*FIBIS database: [https://fibis.ourarchives.online/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=1264&s_id=330 2nd Royal Bn (Ludhiana Sikhs) 11th Sikh Regt - Colours Ceremony] Ceremony of the Presentation of New Colours to the 2nd Royal Bn (Lukhiana Sikhs) 11 Sikh Regt. By his Excellency Sir George Cunningham KCSI, KCIW, OBE Governor of the NWFP. Nowshera, March 22nd 1939. The programme was Donated to FIBIS in Feb 2022 It is complete with 9 pages. Photographs, History of, Regiment Designations, Battle Honours, Colours, On Parade, Music and so on of the entire event. The names of those involved have been added to the FIBIS database.
== External Links ==
*[http://www.britishempire.co.uk/forces/armyunits/indianinfantry/15thsikhs.htm 15th Ludhiana Sikhs] British Empire website 
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/15th_Ludhiana_Sikhs 15th Ludhiana Sikhs] Wikipedia
*[http://www.sikhsinthearmy.co.uk/#/111-sikh-regiment/4554735823 1st Battalion King George V’s Own, Ferozepore Sikhs, and Loodiana Sikhs, 11th Sikh Regiment] sikhsinthearmy.co.uk
*Watercolour by Charles James Lyall: [https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:250980/ 1900. 15th Loodiana Sikhs. Bengal. Bugler] Brown Digital Repository, Brown University Library
*[http://www.empirefaithwar.com/tell-their-story/research-your-soldier/helpful-guides/ww1-indian-war-diaries A Guide To WW1 Indian War Diaries: Researching Indian Soldiers Using War Diaries]. Scroll down to excerpts from the war diary of the 15th Sikhs between August and October 1914 (WO95/3929/5), from mobilization in India for overseas deployment, to the trenches on the [[Western Front]]. empirefaithwar.com
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20151009205504/http://www.cwgc.org/foreverindia/stories/manta-singh-neuve-chapelle.php Manta Singh and the Battle of Neuve Chapell], France, March 1915. Regiment: 15th Ludhiana Sikhs. cwgc.org, now an archived webpage.
**[http://jostamon.blogspot.com/2009/11/indian-soldier-in-great-war.html "An Indian Soldier in the Great War"] Subedar Manta Singh. Text from Ian Hislop’s ''Not Forgotten'' documentaries about the WW1, shown c 2009 on Channel 4.
*[http://www.kaiserscross.com/188001/297622.html The 15th Ludhiana Sikhs and the Senussi. The Egyptian Western Desert, November 1915 to February 1916] from Harry Fecitt’s [http://www.kaiserscross.com/188001/home.html Harry’s Africa] kaiserscross.com
*[http://www.s-asian.cam.ac.uk/archive/audio/collection/lt-col-r-banks/ Audio: 1980 Interview Lt Col R. Banks], with [http://media.s-asian.cam.ac.uk/pdf/082.pdf transcript] Indian Army life and career 1914-c 1937 Centre of South Asian Studies, University of Cambridge. He transferred to the Indian Army in 1917, initially he was with the 15th Sikhs, then joined the Judge Advocate General’s Department, part of the Indian Army dealing with court martial work, military law and any uprisings, and subsequently officiated as Judge Advocate General in India, until he was medically retired in 1937 (rabies related).
===Historical books online===
*[https://archive.org/details/sikhsofpunjab00parruoft ''The Sikhs of the Punjab''] by R E Parry late Indian Army Reserve of Officers; sometime Acting Captain and Adjutant 2/15th Ludhiana Sikhs. Sometime attached 35th Sikhs. [1921] Archive.org. Includes [https://archive.org/stream/sikhsofpunjab00parruoft#page/104/mode/2up Chapter VI Recruiting Methods] page 104.
* ''Handbook for the Indian Army: Sikhs'' by A E Barstow 2/11th Sikh Regiment (late 15th Ludhiana Sikhs) 1928. 1940 reprint of the 1928 edition is available to read online on the [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/displayPage.jsp?ID=2673&page=1&CategoryID=1&Searched= Panjab Digital Library].
*A romantic novel: [https://archive.org/details/55230680R.nlm.nih.gov ''The nurse's story : in which reality meets romance''] by Adele Bleneau 1915 Archive.org. The hero of this romantic novel set on the [[Western Front]] during the First World War is a Captain in the Ludhiana Sikhs (page 97). There are suggestions that when it was published the book was considered to be fictionalized memoirs, perhaps not written under the author’s actual name. A film based on the book was made in 1919. It is from the collection of the US National Library of Medicine, so perhaps is considered to have a realistic nursing background. For a [https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1144&dat=19150807&id=YMUaAAAAIBAJ&sjid=h0kEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4225,1611451&hl=en review of this novel] scroll if necessary to page 7, 5th column of the ''Pittsburgh Press'' (newspaper) dated August 7, 1917.

==References==
<references/>
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[[Category:Indian Army Infantry Regiments]]

2024-03-16T17:12:34Z

Sseage2: /* FIBIS Resources */

This article details connections between British India and '''Ireland''', particularly emigration and immigration.
==Also see==
*[[Irish Townlands]]
*[[Passenger Lists (UK Ports)]]
*[[Newspapers and journals online#Pay websites|Newspapers and journals online: Pay websites]] and [[Subscription websites-online newspapers, journals and directories#Other British and Irish publications|Subscription websites-online newspapers, journals and directories: Other British and Irish publications]] for information about the website "Irish Newspaper Archives".
*[[British Army#Attestation, or Enlistment books (Army Book 358) from 1920|British Army - Attestation, or Enlistment books (Army Book 358) from 1920]] for free online records 1920-1922 of the five disbanded British Army Irish regiments: [[Connaught Rangers]], the [[Leinster Regiment]], the [[Royal Dublin Fusiliers]], the [[Royal Irish Regiment]] and the [[Royal Munster Fusiliers]].

==FIBIS Resources==
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PQDd0NH1NXg The Irish In India (1790-1920)] A youtube presentation of a lecture given by FIBIS chairman, Peter Bailey, in May 2012
*FIBIS database[https://fibis.ourarchives.online/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=list_sources&source_class=423 Depot Registers of Irish Recruits 1811-1855 L/MIL/9/29-46] HEIC depot description lists relating to Irishmen who enlisted for HEIC army on the FIBIS database

==External links==
* [https://www.limerick.ie/research-aids-people-and-places Limerick Museum] has a section on The East India Company and Limerick containing the following datasets online:
** Limerick Recruits to East India Company to 1832
** Bombay soldiers 1831-60
** Madras soldiers 1831-60
** Bengal Soldiers 1831-1860
** Supplementary Information
** Discharged Soldiers 1820-61
** Bengal officers to 1834.
** Ghuznee prize list
*[http://www.irishgenealogy.ie/en/ IrishGenealogy.ie], a free website operated by the Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media, Government of Ireland “a website that allows users the opportunity to search a wide range of record sources in their search of their Irish Ancestry. The website is home to the on-line historic Indexes of the Civil Registers (GRO) of Births, Marriages, Civil Partnerships and Deaths and to Church Records of Baptism, Marriage and Burial from a number of counties”. There is also a category "Research: Get Help"
:'''Note''', the website also includes records prior to 1922 for what became Northern Ireland.
:'''Update'''
:* From 8 September 2016, '''images''' of the General Register Office's historical birth, marriage and death registers are also available online. Due to privacy restrictions, birth records from the past 100 years (after 1915), marriage records from the past 75 years (after 1940) and death records from the past 50 years (after 1965) are not available.
:*Updated 01 March 2022, additional records have been released, with '''births''' to '''1922''', '''marriages''' to '''1947''', and '''deaths''' to '''1972'''.
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/location/1927084?region=Ireland Ireland research page] FamilySearch contains a collection of Indexed records which may be searched, including [https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2659409 Ireland Civil Registration, 1845-1913] based on a series of microfilms which have been digitised but which are not available for viewing. [https://www.familysearch.org/search/ Search FamilySearch] for other datasets. Note, you must first be signed in to [[FamilySearch]], a free website. Also [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog Search the Catalog] and [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/ Search Books/Digital Library] where , as an example [https://www.familysearch.org/library/books/records/item/678470-o-kief-coshe-mang-slieve-lougher-and-upper-blackwater-in-ireland-v-01 catalogue entry] Volume 1/15, counties Kerry and Cork.
*[http://registers.nli.ie/ National Library of Ireland: free online Catholic Parish Register images: Baptisms and marriages to 1880 and others]. Introduced 8 July 2015. These images are not indexed by name, so you will need to know the relevant parish. Although the description says the records are Baptisms and marriages only, it appears other records are included also.
:'''Update''' October 2016. These records are also available on [[Findmypast]], a pay website, as Ireland Roman Catholic Parish Registers Browse (located in Life events (BMDs)/Parish Registers). Significantly it is stated "we have further indexed the records, which means that they are available for '''search by name'''". Findmypast also has databases Ireland Roman Catholic Parish Baptisms, Marriages, Burials (3 separate databases), (located in Life events (BMDs)/Parish Registers) and Ireland Roman Catholic Parish Congregational Records, located in Life Events (BMDs)/Religious Ceremonies, with images, all sourced from National Library of Ireland, (and with links to the image on NLI Registers website).
:'''Update''' Ancestry also introduced a similar database 29 February 2016 and updated 9 May 2018, "Ireland, Catholic Parish Registers, 1655-1915" (country Ireland, located in category Birth, Marriage & Death, including Parish)
*[http://www.nationalarchives.ie/ National Archives of Ireland]
**[http://www.genealogy.nationalarchives.ie Genealogy] Includes links to the 1901 and 1911 Censuses, Soldiers Wills 1914-1918 and Calendars of Wills and Administrations 1858 - 1920. Free online records.
::'''Update'''
::*15 September 2016. Six new record series were released , including "Shipping agreements and crew lists, 1863 – 1921" for the Merchant Navy, which covers not only Irish sailors, but include natives of Norway, Russia, Sweden, American and Germany. Also "Will Registers 1858 – 1900". Four of these record series, including Crew Lists and Will Registers are also available for free on [[Findmypast]].
::*November 2018. Census index records are also available on [[FamilySearch]], with data provided by the National Archives of Ireland.
:*[http://homepage.eircom.net/~seanjmurphy/nai/censusreport1.html Comments about census indexing errors] "Centre for Irish Genealogical and Historical Studies"
*[http://www.proni.gov.uk/ Public Record Office of Northern Ireland] also referred to as PRONI. Includes a pay Search facility. See below under Pay websites.
:[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cl-7NFntBIE "Researching your ancestors using the resources and records of the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland (PRONI)"] YouTube video 8 February 2022 19.56 minutes.
*Online records from [https://www.ireland.anglican.org/about/rcb-library/anglican-record-project Anglican Record Project, Church of Ireland parishes] A work in progress. There appear to be additional records linked from the page [https://www.ireland.anglican.org/about/rcb-library/online-parish-records Online Parish Records]. [https://www.ireland.anglican.org/about/rcb-library/list-of-parish-registers List of Parish Registers] with link to a pdf download, or direct [https://www.ireland.anglican.org/cmsfiles/pdf/AboutUs/library/registers/ParishRegisters/PARISHREGISTERS.pdf pdf link] - Information about surviving Parish Registers. All links, Church of Ireland website, category RCB Library.
*Pay websites
**[[Findmypast]] contains many Irish records. Under the tab "Search records" is a category [https://search.findmypast.co.uk/historical-records?SearchedRecordsetRegion=World&sourceID=13&utm_source=affiliate&utm_content=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiki.fibis.org&utm_medium=affiliate&utm_campaign=%20fmp_uk&awc=2114 "A-Z of record sets"] which is a listing of all the record databases. It is then possible to select a filter on the left hand side of the webpage "Ireland". In addition, there are Irish newspapers in the category "Newspapers and periodicals"/"Irish newspapers".
**Ancestry contains many Irish records. Note there are records under Ireland, and also under "UK and Ireland" which is a different category. Make sure the category "Only records from UK and Ireland" is unchecked/not selected, otherwise Ireland records will be omitted. [http://search.ancestry.co.uk/search/cardcatalog.aspx Ancestry Card Catalogue of all Record Databases] (located as an option under the Search tab), including
***[https://www.ancestry.co.uk/search/collections/2573/ Ireland, Civil Registration Births Index, 1864-1958] (located in " Birth, Marriage & Death, including Parish"). Index records only, sourced from the GRO (General Register Office) in Dublin, and from the GRO in Belfast, the latter records for Northern Ireland.
**[https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/search-gronis-online-records Search GRONI's online records] General Register Office NI [Northern Ireland] (GRONI). The credits which need to be paid are for searching only. Certificates must be purchased separately. '''Note''', the records prior to 1922 for what is now Northern Ireland are also available on the free website IrishGenealogy.ie, refer above.
**[https://www.ancestryireland.com Ulster Historical Foundation], [Northern Ireland] a non-profit organisation formed in 1956 . Search for birth, death & marriages (BMD), census records, street directories etc. Church registers from Church of Ireland, Presbyterian, Roman Catholic, a few other churches. Some civil records. Some free records, mostly Pay-Per-View, and some Member Only. Pay-Per-View coverage: [https://www.ancestryireland.com/search-irish-genealogy-databases/genealogical-sources/bdm-sources-list-county-antrim/ Online Records for County Antrim] (includes Belfast), [https://www.ancestryireland.com/search-irish-genealogy-databases/genealogical-sources/bdm-sources-list-county-down/ Online Records for County Down] (of six Counties). Most appear to be pre 1922 records. Members receive a 50% discount on Pay-Per-View records, in addition to other benefits.
**[https://www.rootsireland.ie RootsIreland.ie] subscription website owned by Irish Family History Foundation. "The main sources on the site are Irish Catholic and other church records of baptisms, marriages and deaths".
**[https://www.irishancestors.ie The Irish Genealogical Research Society] includes [https://www.irishancestors.ie/early-irish-indexes/ Early Irish Birth, Death and Marriage Indexes] 1660 to 1863, being transcriptions from many sources. "Access to the marriage index is completely free to all and the birth and death indexes allow name searches for non-members".
**[https://www.johngrenham.com/browse/ Irish Ancestors]. Links from this page are generally free. Includes
***[https://www.johngrenham.com/places/rcmap_index.php#maps/ Catholic parishes in Ireland] (free page)
*:Additionally, click on the Sitemap, bottom of the webpage, for more details of the contents of the website. Records on the site, and some other pages require a subscription. The site allows "five free page-views".
*[http://www.ancestornetwork.ie/flyleaf/blog/?p=400 Catholic Church Records: Lecture Notes for WDYTYA Live, Birmingham April 2015] by Dr Jim Ryan. ancestornetwork.ie
*[https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/birth-marriage-death-scotland-and-ireland/ National Archives Guide: Looking for records of a birth, marriage or death in Scotland and Ireland]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160430095751/http://www.irishtimes.com/ancestor/browse/online.htm What Irish records are online?], archived page at 30 April 2016 from Irish Ancestors (irishtimes.com),a website which is now no longer available.
*[http://blogs.bl.uk/untoldlives/2018/10/lads-of-true-spirit-recruiting-for-the-east-india-company-in-ireland.html "‘Lads of true spirit’ – recruiting for the East India Company in Ireland"] in 1779. British Library Untold lives blog 3 October 2018.
*Articles in ''Irish Family History-Journal of the [http://homepage.eircom.net/~ifhs/IFHSjxrf.htm Irish Family History Society]''
:*"The India Callaghans" by Alfred D. F. Gabb, Volume 11 (1995) page 32
:*"From Co. Kildare to India" by Tom Radigan, Volume 13 (1997) page 3
:*"An Irish community in Bombay" by Abagail Sheppard, Volume 15 (1999) page 22
:*"Irishmen in the East-India Company Army" by Peter Bailey, Volume 17 (2001) page 84
*Recruiting regions of Irish infantry regiments in the British Army from 1881 until 1922. A list of regiments, depots, counties together with a map. Select page 5 of the digital document, print page 75, in [https://web.archive.org/web/20161214124816/https://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/bitstream/handle/10379/5134/Ireland's_Heritages_Chapter.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y this link].<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20161214124816/https://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/bitstream/handle/10379/5134/Ireland's_Heritages_Chapter.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y "A Lost Heritage: The Connaught Rangers and Multivocal Irishness"] by John Morrissey, 2005 , Chapter 3 of ''Ireland’s Heritages: Critical Perspectives on Memory and Identity'' edited by M Mc Carthy 2005. Website: ARAN, National University of Ireland, Galway, archived webpage. </ref>
*[http://www.militaryarchives.ie/fileadmin/user_upload/documents/Information_Document_on_Irish_Regiments_of_the_British_Army.pdf "Information Document on the Irish Regiments of the British Army up to 31st July 1922"]. Irish Military Archives Dublin
*[http://www.reenactor.ru/ARH/PDF/Karsten.pdf "Irish Soldiers in the British Army 1792-1922: Suborned or Subordinate?"] by Peter Karsten ''Journal of Social History Volume 17 No. 1 (Autumn 1983)'' pages 31-64
*[https://irelandsgreatwardead.ie The Irish Great War Dead Archive] introduced November 2021. An initiative of Tipperary County Council Library Service, the research of military historian Tom Burnell. At introduction does not included Northern Ireland war dead.
*[https://frontlineulster.co.uk/category/by-location/republicofireland/ Frontline Ulster] website includes information about some Army Barracks throughout Ireland.
*[https://www.logainm.ie/en/ Placenames Database of Ireland] logainm.ie. Developed by Dublin City University (DCU) and the Department of Tourism, Culture, Arts, Gaeltacht, Sport and Media, Government of Ireland.
===Historical books online===
*[https://archive.org/details/indexestoirishwi0000phil/page/n5/mode/2up ''Indexes to Irish Wills. Five Volumes in One''] edited by W P W Phillimore and Gertrude Thrift 1997 Reprint edition, first published 1909 to 1920. Archive.org Books to Borrow.
:v. 1. Ossory, Leighlin, Ferns, Kildare.--v. 2. Cork and Ross, Cloyne.--v. 3. Cashel and Emly, Waterford and Lismore. Killaloe and Kilfenora, Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe.--v. 4. Dromore, Newry, and Mourne.--v. 5. Derry and Raphoe
:Note, this book is available as a database on the pay website [[Findmypast]].
*[https://archive.org/details/tracingyourances0000maxw ''Tracing your ancestors in Northern Ireland : a guide to ancestry research in the Public Record Office of Northern Ireland''] by Ian Maxwell. 1997. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. Note: Due to date of publication, online sources would not be mentioned and possibly some aspects may be out of date.

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Migration]]
[[Category:Countries]]