Prisoners of the Turks (First World War): Difference between revisions

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==Spelling variants==
==Spelling variants==
Afyonkarahisar (modern name), Afyon Karahisar, Afyon Kara Hisar, Afyon,  Afion-Kara-Hissar,  Afion Karahissar,  Afium-Kara-hissar, Afyon
*Afyonkarahisar (modern name), Afyon Karahisar, Afyon Kara Hisar, Afyon,  Afion-Kara-Hissar,  Afion Karahissar,  Afium-Kara-hissar, Afyon.
*Kiangri, Changri,  Çankırı, Cankiri, Cangara


==Mesopotamia==
==Mesopotamia==
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*The Liddle Collection at the University of Leeds has a number of books, manuscripts and tapes, including transcripts in its collection, relating to Prisoners of War in Turkey. For catalogue references, use terms such as prisoner, Turkey in the [http://library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections-explore Search]. Includes a photocopy of the book ''The Sufferings of the Kut Garrison during their March into Turkey as Prisoners of War, 1916-1917'' by F A Harvey, Lt & Q-Mr, published 1922. Note, the actual items do not appear to be available online.
*The Liddle Collection at the University of Leeds has a number of books, manuscripts and tapes, including transcripts in its collection, relating to Prisoners of War in Turkey. For catalogue references, use terms such as prisoner, Turkey in the [http://library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections-explore Search]. Includes a photocopy of the book ''The Sufferings of the Kut Garrison during their March into Turkey as Prisoners of War, 1916-1917'' by F A Harvey, Lt & Q-Mr, published 1922. Note, the actual items do not appear to be available online.
*[https://onedrive.live.com/view.aspx?resid=8DF1E713C2B47BF5!568&ithint=file%2cpdf&app=WordPdf&authkey=!AEkNEeEoAkHHztY Finding Aid:  Foreign Office Files (FO 383) at the National Archives: Regarding Military & Civilian Prisoners of War: List of Files and Contents: 1915-1919]. Compiled September 2014 by seaforths.<ref> seaforths [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=218552&hl= "Foreign Office Files on POWs (FO 383)"] ''Great War Forum'' 30 September 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2015.</ref>  Contains a FIND (Search) function.  onedrive.live.com.  Contains references such as "FO 383/090 1915 Description: Turkey: Prisoners, including…"
*[https://onedrive.live.com/view.aspx?resid=8DF1E713C2B47BF5!568&ithint=file%2cpdf&app=WordPdf&authkey=!AEkNEeEoAkHHztY Finding Aid:  Foreign Office Files (FO 383) at the National Archives: Regarding Military & Civilian Prisoners of War: List of Files and Contents: 1915-1919]. Compiled September 2014 by seaforths.<ref> seaforths [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/index.php?showtopic=218552&hl= "Foreign Office Files on POWs (FO 383)"] ''Great War Forum'' 30 September 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2015.</ref>  Contains a FIND (Search) function.  onedrive.live.com.  Contains references such as "FO 383/090 1915 Description: Turkey: Prisoners, including…"
**Catalogue entry [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C2617474 FO 383/231 Turkey. Prisoners...] includes mention of camps at Magnesia, Smyrna, Tchoroum, and transfer of British and French prisoners from camps at Kiangri and Afion Kara Hissar to Bosanti for employment on railway construction.
*[http://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/prisoners_of_war_ottoman_empiremiddle_east "Prisoners of War (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)"] by Yücel Yanıkdağ . Scroll down to the  section "Entente Prisoners of War in the Ottoman Empire" encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net. The mortality rate of the British and Dominion prisoners in Ottoman captivity was very high.
*[http://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/prisoners_of_war_ottoman_empiremiddle_east "Prisoners of War (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)"] by Yücel Yanıkdağ . Scroll down to the  section "Entente Prisoners of War in the Ottoman Empire" encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net. The mortality rate of the British and Dominion prisoners in Ottoman captivity was very high.
*[http://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/prisoners_of_war "Prisoners of War"] by Heather Jones.  encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net. "Section 6: Mistreatment" contains information about prisoners in Turkey.  
*[http://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/prisoners_of_war "Prisoners of War"] by Heather Jones.  encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net. "Section 6: Mistreatment" contains information about prisoners in Turkey.  
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*[http://theconversation.com/the-forgotten-anzacs-honoured-guests-of-the-sultan-25884 "The forgotten Anzacs: ‘honoured guests’ of the Sultan"]  24 April 2014 theconversation.com. This article also mentions Indian POWs.
*[http://theconversation.com/the-forgotten-anzacs-honoured-guests-of-the-sultan-25884 "The forgotten Anzacs: ‘honoured guests’ of the Sultan"]  24 April 2014 theconversation.com. This article also mentions Indian POWs.
*[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/_transcript/2012/D16835/a3901.htm Narrative of  John Wheat] c 1914-1918, who was a torpedoman on the Australian submarine A.E.2  which was sunk 30 April 1915 in the Sea of Marmora (Gallipoli), taken prisoner by the Germans, and subsequently became a prisoner of war in Turkey, working on the construction of the Baghdad Railway.  Transcribed by, and from the collection of the Mitchell Library, State Library of NSW. [http://www.acmssearch.sl.nsw.gov.au/search/itemDetailPaged.cgi?itemID=902088 Photographs and postcards from his album] Click on the tab “Online” to display 8 items.
*[http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/_transcript/2012/D16835/a3901.htm Narrative of  John Wheat] c 1914-1918, who was a torpedoman on the Australian submarine A.E.2  which was sunk 30 April 1915 in the Sea of Marmora (Gallipoli), taken prisoner by the Germans, and subsequently became a prisoner of war in Turkey, working on the construction of the Baghdad Railway.  Transcribed by, and from the collection of the Mitchell Library, State Library of NSW. [http://www.acmssearch.sl.nsw.gov.au/search/itemDetailPaged.cgi?itemID=902088 Photographs and postcards from his album] Click on the tab “Online” to display 8 items.
*[http://mhhv.org.au/?p=306 From the Sea of Marmara to the North Gate of Baghdad: The Story of Four HMAS AE2 Crew Members] Elsewhere,<ref>[http://twgpp.org/downloads/news/TWGPP_Newsletter_Autumn_2011.pdf The War Graves Photographic Project: Autumn 2011 Newsletter]</ref>  the author is stated to be Colonel Marcus Fielding, Australian Army. The crew was taken into captivity by the Turks. mhhv.org.au
*[http://mhhv.org.au/?p=306 From the Sea of Marmara to the North Gate of Baghdad: The Story of Four HMAS AE2 Crew Members] Elsewhere,<ref>[http://twgpp.org/downloads/news/TWGPP_Newsletter_Autumn_2011.pdf The War Graves Photographic Project: Autumn 2011 Newsletter]</ref>  the author is stated to be Colonel Marcus Fielding, Australian Army. The crew was taken into captivity by the Turks. With quotes from the diary of AE2 crew member Able Seaman Albert Knaggs. mhhv.org.au
**[http://www.jefferyknaggs.webspace.virginmedia.com/submarine.html Jeff Knaggs - the Autobiography - my Grandfather]. Albert Edward Knaggs Able Seaman; RN/RAN 7893 of HMAS AE2 left an important diary of events up until his death  at Belemedik  where he died in the makeshift camp hospital on 22 October 1916.
*Sergeant Maurice George Delpratt, 5th Light Horse Regiment, A I F
*Sergeant Maurice George Delpratt, 5th Light Horse Regiment, A I F
**[http://helenhambling.com/pow-history/ The Delpratt war] helenhambling.com
**[http://helenhambling.com/pow-history/ The Delpratt war] helenhambling.com
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**[http://helenhambling.com/2013/07/31/a-goat-track-to-the-holy-grail/ A goat track to the Holy Grail…] July 31, 2013. A journey to Belemedik and Hacikir, in the Taurus Mountains, sites of the camps where  POWs worked  on the railway tunnels for the Berlin to Baghdad Railway. helenhambling.com
**[http://helenhambling.com/2013/07/31/a-goat-track-to-the-holy-grail/ A goat track to the Holy Grail…] July 31, 2013. A journey to Belemedik and Hacikir, in the Taurus Mountains, sites of the camps where  POWs worked  on the railway tunnels for the Berlin to Baghdad Railway. helenhambling.com
***[https://www.flickr.com/photos/50074978@N06/sets/72157626048039691/ Photographs: Prison of War camp WW1, Belemedik Turkey], Prisoners of War Camp along the Berlin-Baghdad Railway flickr.com
***[https://www.flickr.com/photos/50074978@N06/sets/72157626048039691/ Photographs: Prison of War camp WW1, Belemedik Turkey], Prisoners of War Camp along the Berlin-Baghdad Railway flickr.com
*[http://www.ramc-ww1.com/profile.php?cPath=274_443_157&profile_id=11658&osCsid=29 RAMC profile of: Valentine Michael Flood [Service No:  46780<nowiki>]</nowiki>] He  was moved in early 1916 to the camp at Bilemedik-Pouzantri where he'd have been put to work on the Berlin - Baghdad railway. He appears to have died in the POW Hospital at Angora (Ankara) and was buried in the hospital cemetery.
*[http://garriehutchinson.com/2013/01/12/a-man-named-troy/ A man named Troy] Private Martin John Troy 16th Battalion AIF. January 12, 2013 garriehutchinson.com. Mentions the conditions of the prisoners, some of whom were better off than others. The prisoners taken at Kut  seemed to suffer the most.
*[http://garriehutchinson.com/2013/01/12/a-man-named-troy/ A man named Troy] Private Martin John Troy 16th Battalion AIF. January 12, 2013 garriehutchinson.com. Mentions the conditions of the prisoners, some of whom were better off than others. The prisoners taken at Kut  seemed to suffer the most.
*[http://garriehutchinson.com/2013/01/09/bugler-frederick-ashton-11th-battalion-25-april-1915/  Bugler Frederick Ashton 11th Battalion] AIF. He was at the German  railway camp  at  Belemedlk, and unsuccessfully tried to escape. garriehutchinson.com.
*[http://garriehutchinson.com/2013/01/09/bugler-frederick-ashton-11th-battalion-25-april-1915/  Bugler Frederick Ashton 11th Battalion] AIF. He was at the German  railway camp  at  Belemedlk, and unsuccessfully tried to escape. garriehutchinson.com.

Revision as of 03:17, 19 April 2015

Officers who were captured were generally treated better than “other ranks”, who almost always experienced terrible conditions, often leading to death.

Of approximately 2,962 white British officers and other ranks captured at Kut, 1,782 would go on to die in Ottoman captivity. Indian prisoners along with their white comrades, experienced a horrific death march from Kut-al-Amara to the northern railhead at Ras-el-Ain (in modern day Syria).[1]

Spelling variants

  • Afyonkarahisar (modern name), Afyon Karahisar, Afyon Kara Hisar, Afyon, Afion-Kara-Hissar, Afion Karahissar, Afium-Kara-hissar, Afyon.
  • Kiangri, Changri, Çankırı, Cankiri, Cangara

Mesopotamia

For many accounts of members of the allied forces taken prisoner in Mesopotamia, especially after the fall of Kut, see Mesopotamia Campaign-External links and Historical books online

Additional information

External links

Historical books online

References

  1. "Prisoners of War" by Heather Jones. encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net. 'Section 6: Mistreatment' contains information about prisoners in Turkey. See External links, above.
  2. seaforths "Foreign Office Files on POWs (FO 383)" Great War Forum 30 September 2014. Retrieved 10 February 2015.
  3. The War Graves Photographic Project: Autumn 2011 Newsletter
  4. Driver P. W. Long 63rd Battery, R.F.A rushdenheritage.co.uk. The London Gazette Supplement 27/30 January 1920, page 1230