Punjab: Difference between revisions

From FIBIwiki
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Maureene (talk | contribs)
Maureene (talk | contribs)
Line 129: Line 129:
*[https://archive.org/details/OriginOfTheSikhPowerInThePunjabHenryT.Prinsep  ''Origin of the Sikh Power in the Punjab, And Political Life Of Muha-Raja Runjeet Singh, With An Account Of The Present Condition, Religion, Laws And Customs Of The Sikhs'']  Compiled by Henry T. Prinsep, of the Bengal Civil Service, from  a Report by Captain William Murray, and from other sources. Printed at Calcutta 1834 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/OriginOfTheSikhPowerInThePunjabHenryT.Prinsep/Origin%20of%20the%20Sikh%20Power%20in%20the%20Punjab%20-%20Henry%20T.%20Prinsep#page/n253/mode/2up Map] in four sections. An alternative digital file contains a [https://archive.org/stream/originsikhpower00pringoog#page/n254/mode/2up newspaper article about the author]. Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/OriginOfTheSikhPowerInThePunjabHenryT.Prinsep  ''Origin of the Sikh Power in the Punjab, And Political Life Of Muha-Raja Runjeet Singh, With An Account Of The Present Condition, Religion, Laws And Customs Of The Sikhs'']  Compiled by Henry T. Prinsep, of the Bengal Civil Service, from  a Report by Captain William Murray, and from other sources. Printed at Calcutta 1834 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/OriginOfTheSikhPowerInThePunjabHenryT.Prinsep/Origin%20of%20the%20Sikh%20Power%20in%20the%20Punjab%20-%20Henry%20T.%20Prinsep#page/n253/mode/2up Map] in four sections. An alternative digital file contains a [https://archive.org/stream/originsikhpower00pringoog#page/n254/mode/2up newspaper article about the author]. Archive.org
*''Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan, and the Panjab: including a Residence in Those Countries from 1826 to 1838'' by Charles Masson 1842 Google Books [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KBAlciGlDMMC&pg=PR3 Volume1], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KlJFAQAAIAAJ&pg=PR1  Volume 2], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=lFJFAQAAIAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 3]
*''Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan, and the Panjab: including a Residence in Those Countries from 1826 to 1838'' by Charles Masson 1842 Google Books [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KBAlciGlDMMC&pg=PR3 Volume1], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=KlJFAQAAIAAJ&pg=PR1  Volume 2], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=lFJFAQAAIAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 3]
*''Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan, the Panjab, and Kalât, During a Residence in Those Countries: To which is Added an Account of the Insurrection at Kalât, and a Memoir on Eastern Balochistan'' by Charles Masson 1844 Google Books [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=MtYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 1], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=RNYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 2], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=WNYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 3], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=dNYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR4 Volume 4]
:''Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan, the Panjab, and Kalât, During a Residence in Those Countries: To which is Added an Account of the Insurrection at Kalât, and a Memoir on Eastern Balochistan'' by Charles Masson 1844 Google Books [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=MtYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 1], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=RNYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 2], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=WNYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR3 Volume 3], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=dNYWAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR4 Volume 4]
*[https://archive.org/details/travelsinkashmir00huge ''Travels in Kashmir and the Panjab - Containing A Particular Account Of The Government And Character Of The Sikhs''] From The German Of Baron Charles Hügel [or Hugel] With Notes By Major T.B. Jervis, F.R.S. 1845 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/travelsinkashmir00huge ''Travels in Kashmir and the Panjab - Containing A Particular Account Of The Government And Character Of The Sikhs''] From The German Of Baron Charles Hügel [or Hugel] With Notes By Major T.B. Jervis, F.R.S. 1845 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/soldiertraveller00gardiala ''Soldier and traveller; memoirs of Alexander Gardner, Colonel of Artillery in the service of Maharaja Ranjit Singh''] [1785-1877] edited by Major Hugh Pearse 1898 Archive.org. [https://www.spectator.co.uk/2017/05/the-fantastic-adventures-of-the-tartan-turbaned-colonel/# "The fantastic adventures of the tartan-turbaned colonel"] by William Dalrymple 13 May 2017 ''The Spectator''.
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=lGwoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA225 "The Administration of the Punjab"], page 225 ''The Calcutta Review'', Volume 20, July-December 1853 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=lGwoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA225 "The Administration of the Punjab"], page 225 ''The Calcutta Review'', Volume 20, July-December 1853 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=QRYYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA445 "Life in the Punjab"] ''The Calcutta Review'' Volume 26, January-June 1856  Google Books
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=QRYYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA445 "Life in the Punjab"] ''The Calcutta Review'' Volume 26, January-June 1856  Google Books
Line 162: Line 163:
**The collection includes a number of [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazetteer&x=16&y=12  ''Punjab District Gazetteers''] (The spelling also includes [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazeteer&x=20&y=9 Gazeteer]/ [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazetter&typebox=1 Gazetter]/ [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazeetter&x=13&y=9 Gazeetter])
**The collection includes a number of [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazetteer&x=16&y=12  ''Punjab District Gazetteers''] (The spelling also includes [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazeteer&x=20&y=9 Gazeteer]/ [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazetter&typebox=1 Gazetter]/ [http://www.panjabdigilib.org/webuser/searches/mainpage.jsp?CategoryID=1&Searched=Gazeetter&x=13&y=9 Gazeetter])
*[http://www.apnaorg.com/books/e-booklist.shtml Academy of the Punjab in North America: English language books online].   
*[http://www.apnaorg.com/books/e-booklist.shtml Academy of the Punjab in North America: English language books online].   
*''European Adventurers Of Northern India 1785 to 1849'' by C. Grey first published in 1929 may be read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, in TIFF format, or as a [http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/62849 pdf download]. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.62849 Archive.org version]. It is also available to [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1929-european-adventurers-of-northern-india-1785-1849-by-grey-and-garrett-s-pdf/ download as a pdf]  from [[Online books#Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset|Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]]. A description of the book says “This is a record of the adventurers, buccaneers, buffoons and entrepeneurs who cut a swathe through the heart of the Raj, before and during the golden age of British-ruled India.”<ref>[http://www.naval-military-press.com/european-adventurers-of-northern-india-1785-to-1849.html Naval and Military Press]</ref> Read more about the book in this link from  [http://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/historical-events/the-british-and-sikhs-1849-1947/european-adventurers-of-northern-india The Sikh Encyclopedia]. It contains biographical sketches of over one hundred Europeans who came to or served in the Punjab during Sikh times.
*''European Adventurers Of Northern India 1785 to 1849'' by C. Grey first published in 1929 may be read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, in TIFF format, or as a [http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/62849 pdf download]. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.62849 Archive.org version]. It is also available to [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1929-european-adventurers-of-northern-india-1785-1849-by-grey-and-garrett-s-pdf/ download as a pdf]  from [[Online books#Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset|Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]]. A description of the book says “This is a record of the adventurers, buccaneers, buffoons and entrepeneurs who cut a swathe through the heart of the Raj, before and during the golden age of British-ruled India.”<ref>[http://www.naval-military-press.com/european-adventurers-of-northern-india-1785-to-1849.html Naval and Military Press]</ref> Read more about the book in this link from  [https://web.archive.org/web/20170909165956/http://www.thesikhencyclopedia.com/historical-events/the-british-and-sikhs-1849-1947/european-adventurers-of-northern-india The Sikh Encyclopedia], now archived. It contains biographical sketches of over one hundred Europeans who came to or served in the Punjab during Sikh times.
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=V2AoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR3 ''The rifle in Cashmere : a narrative of shooting expeditions in Ladak, Cashmere, Punjaub, etc., with advice on travelling, shooting, and stalking : to which are added notes on army reform and Indian politics''] by Arthur Brinckman, late of HM’s 94th Regt. 1862 Google Books 
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=V2AoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR3 ''The rifle in Cashmere : a narrative of shooting expeditions in Ladak, Cashmere, Punjaub, etc., with advice on travelling, shooting, and stalking : to which are added notes on army reform and Indian politics''] by Arthur Brinckman, late of HM’s 94th Regt. 1862 Google Books 
*[https://archive.org/details/himalayandistri02harcgoog ''Himalayan Districts Of Kooloo, Lahoul, And Spiti''] by Capt. A F P Harcourt, Bengal Staff Corps, Assistant Commissioner Punjab. 1871 Archive.org. Lacks the illustrations. Also available as a [http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/33518 pdf download], Digital Library of India, but noting the 2006 digitisation date, the illustrations (if any) may be of poor quality. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33518 Archive.org  mirror version]. A 2014 digitised file (1874 edition) is available as a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1874-himalayan-districts-of-kooloo-lahoul-and-spiti-by-harcourt-pdf/ pdf download], with a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1871-the-himalayan-districts-of-kooloo-lahoul-and-spiti-by-harcourt-s-pdf/ 1871 edition], both from Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. Kulu (Kooloo), Punjab is situated in the hills between Kashmir and Simla.
*[https://archive.org/details/himalayandistri02harcgoog ''Himalayan Districts Of Kooloo, Lahoul, And Spiti''] by Capt. A F P Harcourt, Bengal Staff Corps, Assistant Commissioner Punjab. 1871 Archive.org. Lacks the illustrations. Also available as a [http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/33518 pdf download], Digital Library of India, but noting the 2006 digitisation date, the illustrations (if any) may be of poor quality. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.33518 Archive.org  mirror version]. A 2014 digitised file (1874 edition) is available as a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1874-himalayan-districts-of-kooloo-lahoul-and-spiti-by-harcourt-pdf/ pdf download], with a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1871-the-himalayan-districts-of-kooloo-lahoul-and-spiti-by-harcourt-s-pdf/ 1871 edition], both from Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. Kulu (Kooloo), Punjab is situated in the hills between Kashmir and Simla.

Revision as of 12:18, 15 February 2018

Map showing its districts and princely states

Punjab referred to the areas between the five rivers which were Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej and which were the territory of the Sikh Empire. The present Punjab region covers the area of the two modern states of the same name (one on each side of the India-Pakistan border) as well as the Indian state of Haryana.

History

Following the 2nd Sikh War the Punjab was annexed by the British in 1849 and became part of the Bengal Presidency. In 1901 Lord Curzon authorised the division of Punjab. The North West Frontier Province was created with five districts and five agencies. Delhi was separated to become the new capital. The remaining part of Punjab formed a separate province which was subsequently partitioned between India and Pakistan in 1947.

Government

  • 1897-1920: Council of the Lieutenant Governor of the Punjab.
  • 1921-1936: Punjab Legislative Council
  • 1937-1947: Punjab Legislative Assembly
Legislators

Capital

Divisions

At the turn of the 20th century there were five administrative divisions:

  • Delhi
  • Jullunder
  • Lahore
  • Multan
  • Rawalpindi

Districts and other areas

To see divisions and districts in Punjab Province at the turn of the 20th century with their headquarter towns see Punjab Districts. Not all districts existed at the same time. Below is an attempt to list all districts that existed at one time or another under British rule.

In India

In Pakistan

NWFP

These 5 districts were part of Punjab until 1901 when they were separated to form the new province.

Cities and Towns

In India

In Pakistan

Princely States

India

Pakistan


External Links

Wikipedia

Other

Maps

Historical books online

Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan, the Panjab, and Kalât, During a Residence in Those Countries: To which is Added an Account of the Insurrection at Kalât, and a Memoir on Eastern Balochistan by Charles Masson 1844 Google Books Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3, Volume 4
Volume VII 1872, Volume IX 1874, Volume XIV 1879, Volume XVII 1882, Part II-Executive Volume XXXVII 1902, Part II-Executive Volume XLI 1906. Further volumes are available at Archive.org
Imperial Gazetteer of India: Provincial Series Punjab Volume II The Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan Divisions and Native States 1908 Archive.org
The Highlands of India, Volume II, being a Chronicle of Field Sports and Travel in India by Major General D J F Newall R A (Bengal Retired) 1887 Archive.org
Letters from India by Lady Wilson (A C Macleod) [Anne Campbell] 1911 Archive.org
Volume 1 (1919 reprint); Vol 2 A – K 1911 ; Volume 3 L – Z with appendices A -L 1914.
Evidence taken before the Disorders Inquiry Committee: Volume V: Gujranwala, Gujrat, Lyallpur and Punjab Provincial HathiTrust Digital Library. Vol.1 - Delhi; Vol.2 - Bombay Presidency; Vol.3 - Amritsar; Vol.4 - Lahore and Kasur HathiTrust Digital Library accessible by those in regions such as North America. Volumes 6 and 7 (confidential, 1920 British Library IOR/V/26/262/8-9) were first unrestrictedly published in 1975.

References