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*[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1600_1699/calcutta/calcutta.html Calcutta] with images from [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00fwp/ Prof. Frances Pritchett’s webpage]
*[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1600_1699/calcutta/calcutta.html Calcutta] with images from [http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00fwp/ Prof. Frances Pritchett’s webpage]
*''Calcutta Faces and Places in Pre-camera Days'' by Wilmont Corfield 1910 [http://www.archive.org/details/calcuttafacespla00corf Archive.org]
*''Calcutta Faces and Places in Pre-camera Days'' by Wilmont Corfield 1910 [http://www.archive.org/details/calcuttafacespla00corf Archive.org]
*[http://www.library.upenn.edu/collections/sasia/calcutta1947/ Calcutta 1945: An American Military Photograph Album]  University of Pennsylvania
*[http://hdl.library.upenn.edu/1017/d/medren/4913420 Clyde Waddell photograph album of Calcutta, 1945-1946] Penn Libraries, University of Pennsylvania. Clyde Waddell was the personal photographer of Lord Louis Mountbatten who was the Supreme Commander of Allied forces in India–Burma during WW2.<ref>[http://sohamchandra.blogspot.com/2015/06/calcutta-vs-kolkata-revisiting-yanks.html  "Calcutta v/s Kolkata ... Revisiting A Yank's Memory"] June 6, 2015 Wunderlust. Retrieved 23 July 2016.</ref>
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/udayms/sets/72157594177409787/ Calcutta 1947] Photographs on flickr.com
:[http://www.flickr.com/photos/udayms/sets/72157594177409787/ Calcutta 1947]Photographs, at least some of which appear to come from the above album, on flickr.com.
*[http://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?countryid=563&chapterid=159&picturesize=medium Calcutta]  from  Great Mirror
*[http://www.greatmirror.com/index.cfm?countryid=563&chapterid=159&picturesize=medium Calcutta]  from  Great Mirror
*[http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=288984 Writers' Building, Kolkata] Photographs from Skyscrapercity.com
*[http://www.skyscrapercity.com/showthread.php?t=288984 Writers' Building, Kolkata] Photographs from Skyscrapercity.com
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*John Williamson Palmer  was an American [[Doctor|doctor]] and author who wrote c 1858 [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924022250405#page/n337/mode/2up/ "The Chorus of the Palanquin Bearers"], a description of his transit through Cossitollah Street, Calcutta<ref>  Reprinted in ''Oliver Wendell Holmes, poet, littérateur, scientist'', page 330 by William Sloane Kennedy 1883, Archive.org, originally from ''Atlantic Monthly'', January 1858 </ref>.  [http://siris-archives.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=12825SX1354O1.90703&profile=all&source=~!siarchives&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100001~!58937~!41&ri=1&aspect=subtab157&menu=search&ipp=20&spp=20&staffonly=&term=Calcutta&index=.GW&uindex=&aspect=subtab157&menu=search&ri=1#focus  Photograph of Man in Palki (Palanquin) in Calcutta] from the Smithsonian Institution. Click image to enlarge.
*John Williamson Palmer  was an American [[Doctor|doctor]] and author who wrote c 1858 [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924022250405#page/n337/mode/2up/ "The Chorus of the Palanquin Bearers"], a description of his transit through Cossitollah Street, Calcutta<ref>  Reprinted in ''Oliver Wendell Holmes, poet, littérateur, scientist'', page 330 by William Sloane Kennedy 1883, Archive.org, originally from ''Atlantic Monthly'', January 1858 </ref>.  [http://siris-archives.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=12825SX1354O1.90703&profile=all&source=~!siarchives&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100001~!58937~!41&ri=1&aspect=subtab157&menu=search&ipp=20&spp=20&staffonly=&term=Calcutta&index=.GW&uindex=&aspect=subtab157&menu=search&ri=1#focus  Photograph of Man in Palki (Palanquin) in Calcutta] from the Smithsonian Institution. Click image to enlarge.
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RzxcAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA1 ''‪Rules and Regulations of La Martiniere, Founded in Calcutta Under the Will of Major General Claude Martin: With an Extract of the Will of the Testator, the Decree of the Supreme Court with Regard to the Same, and Other Documents‬''] 1835 Google Books
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RzxcAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA1 ''‪Rules and Regulations of La Martiniere, Founded in Calcutta Under the Will of Major General Claude Martin: With an Extract of the Will of the Testator, the Decree of the Supreme Court with Regard to the Same, and Other Documents‬''] 1835 Google Books
*There are many references to Calcutta in ''History of The Portuguese in Bengal'' by J J A Campos 1919 which is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website. For barcode 99999990174384, the Contents is computer page 16.  [http://dli.serc.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2015/5858  Pdf download][http://dli.serc.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2015/6196    Another pdf download] DLI.
*There are many references to Calcutta in ''History of The Portuguese in Bengal'' by J J A Campos 1919 which is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website. For barcode 99999990174384, the Contents is computer page 16.  [http://dli.serc.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2015/5858  Pdf download] [http://dli.serc.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2015/6196    Another pdf download] DLI.
*For reports on Rats in Calcutta, in connection with plague research, see [[Scientific books online]].
*For reports on Rats in Calcutta, in connection with plague research, see [[Scientific books online]].
*[https://archive.org/details/tomrawgriffinbur00doylrich ''Tom Raw, the Griffin: a burlesque poem, in twelve cantos: illustrated by twenty-five engravings, descriptive of the adventures of a cadet in the East India company's service, from the period of his quitting England to his obtaining a staff situtation in India''] by “ a Civilian and an Officer on the Bengal Establishment” (Sir Charles D'Oyly)  1828 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/tomrawgriffinbur00doylrich ''Tom Raw, the Griffin: a burlesque poem, in twelve cantos: illustrated by twenty-five engravings, descriptive of the adventures of a cadet in the East India company's service, from the period of his quitting England to his obtaining a staff situtation in India''] by “ a Civilian and an Officer on the Bengal Establishment” (Sir Charles D'Oyly)  1828 Archive.org

Revision as of 07:49, 23 July 2016

Calcutta
Presidency: Bengal
Coordinates: 22.572625°N, 88.363893°E
Altitude: 9 m (30 ft)
Present Day Details
Place Name: Kolkata
State/Province: West Bengal
Country: India
Transport links
East Indian Railway (Howrah)
Bengal-Nagpur Railway
Calcutta and South Eastern Railway (Sealdah)
Eastern Bengal Railway (Sealdah)
Calcutta Port Commissioners' Railway
Arrah-Sasaram Light Railway
Barasat-Basirhat Light Railway
Futwah-Islampur Light Railway
Howrah-Amta Light Railway
Howrah-Sheakhalla Light Railway
FibiWiki Maps
See our interactive map of this location showing
places of interest during the British period
Calcutta



Calcutta (present day Kolkata) is a large city in north-east India. Calcutta was the headquarters of the Government of the Bengal Presidency. It was also the capital of British India until Delhi became the capital on 12th December 1911. The city had a large European mercantile community.

Spelling Variants

Modern name: Kolkata
Variants: Calcutta

FIBIS resources

  • FIBIS database: Percy-Smith/Bullock papers Graves and Monuments contains some entries from the "Church of Our Lady of Delores, Baithakhana, Calcutta and Surah Cemetary. Hand written transcript taken and rearranged from 'The Registers & Inscriptions of the Church of Our Lady etc. by Rev H. Hosten Calcutta 1915", refer Churches and missions, Roman Catholic, below. This church was founded in 1810 and some of the records date back to that early period. Entries were noted in Inscriptions Volume 1, but it is not known if there are additional entries in other volumes
  • Images of Calcutta in Fibiwiki collection
  • "Eliza Fay: New Aspects" by David Atkinson FIBIS Journal Number 24 (Autumn 2010), pages 1-11. For details of how to access this article, see FIBIS Journals.
  • "The Imhoff Inheritance" by Pippa Milnamow FIBIS Journal Number 27 (Spring 2012), pages 3-13. Includes details of Belvedere House, now the National Library.

Military history

Battle of Calcutta 1757
3rd Carnatic War

Location

Calcutta is now known as Kolkata in modern day India and is situated at 22°33′N, 88°20′E in the Ganges Delta.

Places of interest

Calcutta in 1862

The Maidan

The site of Fort William, the Maidan was (and still is) the centre of Calcutta. It was bounded on the west side by the Hooghly River and the Strand Road, and on the east side by Chowringhi Road. Government House, the Governor's residence, was at the north end of the Maidan and Belvedere, the residence of the Lieutenant-Governor of Bengal, was near the southern end.

Eden Gardens

The Eden Gardens were started by Lord Auckland's sisters and are beautifully laid out. They were the main gathering place of Calcutta Society in the time of the British Raj. They are also the home of India's oldest cricket ground, the Calcutta Cricket Club, and have a lake which was the home of the Calcutta Rowing Club. Beside the lake is a Burmese Pagoda brought from Prome and set up in 1856. There were many statues in the Gardens. Calcutta Eden Gardens Links to a postcard of Eden Gardens in the Fibiwiki images collection

Churches and missions

Images of Churches can be found in FIBIS Gallery, FIBIS Database and Fibiwiki

Anglican

Roman Catholic Church, Dhurrumtollah Street, Calcutta

Roman Catholic

  • RC Cathedral (Virgin Mary of the Rosary) - built 1797. Also known as the Portuguese Church, it was located in the area called Murgihatta (Murghihatta, now Murgighata). [1]
  • St Patrick's Chapel, Fort William - built 1857
  • St Theresa - built 1893
  • St Thomas' Church - (Middleton Row). Begun in 1841, adjacent to the Convent of Our Lady of Loreto
  • Church of Our Lady of Dolours, Boitakhana (Baithakhana), founded in 1810, as a Portuguese mission church. The address of the Church was 147 Bipin Behari Ganguly Street (Old Bowbazar Street). It is situated quite close to the Sealdah Station, and near the Railway Barracks where most of the Anglo Indian who were employed by the Railway lived. [2] A book was published in 1915 in Calcutta The Registers & Inscriptions of the Church of Our Lady of Dolours, Baithakhana (1810-1914) by Fr H Hosten. A copy of this book is available in Calcutta at the Goethals Indian Library category Various Indian Missions subcategory Portuguese Jurisdiction, reference Id : 38L/135. At least some of the records appear in the FIBIS database, refer above, but it is suspected that only some of the records were copied by Percy-Smith and Bullock. From copies of baptismal records obtained from the Church in the 1960s, and held by the FIBIS research co-ordinator, it would appear that some of the registers in the 1800s were noted in Portuguese.
  • Catholic [and other] Heritage Churches of Calcutta goethals.in
  • The [Catholic] Archdiocese of Calcutta with contact details

Other denominations

  • St Andrew's Church of Scotland - opened 1818. Website for St Andrew’s Church with contact details. Previously the website advised that the church holds the Scottish Cemetery Burial Register from its inception in 1826 and Baptism and Marriage Registers of St Andrew's Church, Kolkata and for small fee would search and provide a copy of an extract. It also holds the Baptism and Marriage Registers and some other documents for Church of Scotland cantonment Churches throughout India, Ceylon, Burma and some Gulf stations.[3] Note however this wording no longer appears. In the past a researcher reported a lack of response to emails, so a personal visit may be necessary. Note also that this church is now part of the [Anglican/Protestant] Church of North India, refer above.
  • Greek Church - established 1780.
  • Holy Church of Nazareth (Armenian) - built in 1724. Dr. Reuben Khachaturyan/Liz Chater have transcribed all the baptisms at this church. They can be viewed on the FIBIS database. Liz also has many photos of graves at the Nazareth Church on her website.

Missions

  • Church Mission Society
  • Free Church of Scotland - started in 1830
  • London Missionary Society
  • Oxford Mission - Church of England
  • Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Anglican)

External links

Non-Christian places of worship

As well as the temples and mosques that served the general Indian populace, Calcutta also housed:

  • Parsi temple
  • Synagogue
  • Chinese temple

Cemeteries

See Cemeteries in Calcutta. There is also information about the crematorium.

Education

Colleges

  • Bengal School of Art
  • Bishop's College, Circular Road - run by the Oxford Mission
  • Calcutta Medical College - formerly Bengal Medical College, founded 1835
  • Doveton College
  • Presidency College

Schools

Also refer Orphans and Calcutta schools c late 1700s

Economy and business

Colootollah street , Calcutta

Also see

External Links

Encyclopedia entries
Maps
Guides and directories

See Directories online for links to many directories with information on Calcutta.

Images
Calcutta 1947. Photographs, at least some of which appear to come from the above album, on flickr.com.
Other

Historical books online

Also see Newspapers and journals online for many Calcutta publications including the Calcutta Review

Edited by Alfred Spencer: Volume 1 1749-1775 Index Archive.org, Volume 2 1775-1782 Index Google Books. Volume 3 (1782-1790) and Volume 4 (1790-1809) may be viewed online on the Digital Library of India website. Pdf downloads, DLI: Volume III, Volume IV.
Edited by Peter Quennell: The Prodigal Rake: Memoirs of William Hickey 1962 is available to borrow from the Archive.org Lending Library. (Only one person at a time is able to read the book). You first need to register.
Bengal, Past and Present, Journal of the Calcutta Historical Society was first published 1907 and is a very valuable source of information. Volumes are available at the British Library. There are published indexes, each of one volume, as follows: Volumes 1 (July 1907)-8 (June 1914); Volumes 9 (1914)-18 (1919); Volumes 1 (1907)-85 (1966); Volumes 1 (1907)-104 (1985). In addition, the British Library has an index for Volumes 19-29.
Note that a different Journal, with a somewhat similar name, is the Calcutta Historical Journal, published by the University of Calcutta, first published July 1976, available at the British Library
  • Volume 39, Part 1 Jan-March 1930 Archive.org
  • Volume 41, Part 2, April- June 1931 pages 101-188 Archive.org
  • A broken range of volumes to 1939, plus 1955 is available to read online on the Digital Library of India website. Volume 2, part 2, commences at (actual) page 205, contents is computer page 8. Volume 25 has Volume 26 from computer page 211. Volume 44 is July-December 1932 and commences page 103, contents is computer page 7. Volume 49 has the language coded as bengali, so will not appear if the search is for english language books. Refer Bengal, Past and Present, Journal of the Calcutta Historical Society for links to pdfs, Digital Library of India.
    • Baptisms 1767 -1777 and Baptisms 1778-1782 Transcriptions from Registers of St John's, Calcutta by E W Madge as they appeared in Bengal Past and Present[7] – this link is to website of Madge Family of Bengal. Each listing contains many pages of biographical notes (13 and 16 pages respectively). The first page of the second document lists articles in other volumes of BP&P containing transcriptions of baptisms, marriages and burials to 1800, some of which are available online on the Digital Library of India website. Other articles are available at the British Library. Note: Some of these records have been transcribed and are available on the FIBIS database in the category Publications.
      • Baptisms 1713-1758 BPP Volume XXI, pp 143-159
      • Baptisms 1769-1766 BPP Volume V, pp 325-332
      • Marriages 1713-1754 BBP Volume IX, Part II, Serial No 18, Oct-Dec 1914 pp 217-243. Available online on DLI, catalogued as vol. 9, 1918; computer pages 86-112.
      • Marriages 1759-1779 BBP Volume IV, July-Dec 1909 pp 486-512. Available online on DLI as (1909) vol. 4; computer pages 107-147
      • Marriages 1780-1785 BPP Volume VII, pp 164-171. Available online on DLI, catalogued as (1917) vol. 7 but published c 1911; computer pages 197-204
      • Marriages 1785-1792 BBP Volume XVI, Part I, Serial No 31, Jan-March 1918 pp 41-71 Available online on DLI as vol.16, pt. 1; computer pages 52-82
      • Marriages 1781-1800 (Supplementary Register) BBP Volume XXI, pp 76-141
      • Burials 1713-1755 BPP Volume X, Jan-June 1915, Serial Nos 19-20, pp 257-284 Available online on DLI as vol.10; computer pages 84-111
      • Burials 1759-1761 BBP Volume V, pp 136-142
      • Burials 1762-1774 BBP Volume VI 1910, pp 92-126 Available online on DLI, catalogued as Volume 6, no 12; computer pages 143-177
      • Burials 1775-81 BPP Volume 31 (Jan-Jun 1926) pages 130-156. Available online on DLI, catalogued as Vol.31,Part.1,Serial no.61, computer pages 149-175
      • Burials 1782-88 Volume 32 II (Oct-Dec 1926) pages 109-132. Available online on DLI, catalogued as vol.32, computer pages 132-155
  • Restricted access only, possibly available to those in North America and some other countries Hathi Trust Digital Library

References

  1. "Shortly after the English came, the Portuguese who were the only people who kept fowls, were allotted a quarter which came to be designated as Murgihatta". Comment by A K Roy page 31 Calcutta Mosaic: Essays and Interviews on the Minority Communities of Calcutta Google Books
  2. Munro, George Entally Rootsweb India Mailing List 1 December 2004. Retrieved 20 February 2015
  3. Previous Home page and Archive St. Andrew's Church. Retrieved 28 October 2014
  4. "Calcutta v/s Kolkata ... Revisiting A Yank's Memory" June 6, 2015 Wunderlust. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
  5. Footnote in "The Muharram Riot Of 1779 And The Struggle For Status And Authority In Early Colonial Calcutta" by P J Marshall Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bangladesh, Golden Jubilee Volume 50 2005
  6. William Hickey: Memoirs of a Georgian Rake books-and-records.com
  7. Available on the Digital Library of India website. Bengal Past and Present Volume 25, Parts I and II (Series nos 49-50) January-June 1923, pages 130-155 and Volume 26, part 2, 1923, pages 142-168, DLI computer pages 45-71
  8. Reprinted in Oliver Wendell Holmes, poet, littérateur, scientist, page 330 by William Sloane Kennedy 1883, Archive.org, originally from Atlantic Monthly, January 1858