Punjab

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Punjab referred to the areas between the five rivers which were Jhelum, Chenab, Ravi, Beas and Sutlej and which were the territory of the Sikh Empire. The present Punjab region covers the area of the two modern states of the same name (one on each side of the India-Pakistan border) as well as the Indian state of Haryana.

Map showing its districts and princely states

Alternative spelling - Punjaub, Panjab

History

Following the 2nd Sikh War the Punjab was annexed by the British in 1849 and became part of the Bengal Presidency. In 1901 Lord Curzon authorised the division of Punjab. The North West Frontier Province was created with five districts and five agencies. Delhi was separated to become the new capital. The remaining part of Punjab formed a separate province which was subsequently partitioned between India and Pakistan in 1947.

Government

  • 1897-1920: Council of the Lieutenant Governor of the Punjab.
  • 1921-1936: Punjab Legislative Council
  • 1937-1947: Punjab Legislative Assembly
Legislators

Capital

Divisions

At the turn of the 20th century there were five administrative divisions:

  • Delhi
  • Jullunder
  • Lahore
  • Multan
  • Rawalpindi

Districts and other areas

To see divisions and districts in Punjab Province at the turn of the 20th century with their headquarter towns see Punjab Districts. Not all districts existed at the same time. Below is an attempt to list all districts that existed at one time or another under British rule.

In India

In Pakistan

NWFP

These 5 districts were part of Punjab until 1901 when they were separated to form the new province.

Cities and Towns

In India

In Pakistan

Princely States

India

Pakistan


External Links

Wikipedia

Other

"Sir Evan Jenkins and the 1947 Partition of the Punjab" by Farah Gul Baqai Pakistan Journal of History and Culture Vol.XXVII No.1 Jan-Jun 2006. Jenkins became the Governor of the Punjab on April 8, 1946 and held this position until 15 August 1947.

Maps

Historical books online

Narrative of Various Journeys in Balochistan, Afghanistan, the Panjab, and Kalât, During a Residence in Those Countries: To which is Added an Account of the Insurrection at Kalât, and a Memoir on Eastern Balochistan by Charles Masson 1844 Google Books Volume 1, Volume 2, Volume 3, Volume 4
Same title, printed in London contains a few extra pages. Google Books
Volume VII 1872, Volume IX 1874, Volume XIV 1879, Volume XVII 1882, Part II-Executive Volume XXXVII 1902, Part II-Executive Volume XLI 1906. Further volumes are available at Archive.org
Imperial Gazetteer of India: Provincial Series Punjab Volume II The Lahore, Rawalpindi and Multan Divisions and Native States 1908 Archive.org
The Highlands of India, Volume II, being a Chronicle of Field Sports and Travel in India by Major General D J F Newall R A (Bengal Retired) 1887 Archive.org
Letters from India by Lady Wilson (A C Macleod) [Anne Campbell] 1911 Archive.org
  • The Punjab in Peace and War by S S Thorburn, Indian Civil Service (Retired) 1904. Archive.org, mirror from Central Secretariat Library, Government of India.
  • Panjabi Grammar: A Brief Grammar of Panjabi As Spoken in the Wazirabad District by Thomas Grahame Bailey 1904 World Digital Library/Library of Congress. Click on image to read the book online.
  • Robert Clark of the Panjab : pioneer and missionary statesman by Henry Martyn Clark 1907 Archive.org. Born 1825, he joined the Church Missionary Society and was sent to India where he arrived in 1852 and was posted to Amritsar. He partially retired in 1898, completely in 1900, but died soon after.
  • Selections from the Punjab Government Records. Edited by A. Raynor and H. R. Goulding c 1911. Mirror versions from Archive.org, originally from Digital Library of India.
    • vol. 1. Records Of The Delhi Residency And Agency Vol.1 1911. Archive.org version.
    • vol. 2. Records Of The Ludhiana Agency Vol.ii 1911. Archive.org version.
    • vol. 3. Political Diaries of the Agent to the Governor-General, North-West Frontier and Resident at Lahore [Sir Henry Lawrence]. From 1st January 1847 to 4th March, 1848. 1909. Archive.org version.
    • vol. 4. Journals and Diaries of the Assistants to the Agent, Governor-General, North-West Frontier, and Resident at Lahore, 1846-1849. [By James Abbott, George St. P. Lawrence and others.] 1911. Archive.org version.
    • vol. 5. Political Diaries of Lieut. H. B. Edwardes, Assistant to the Resident at Lahore, 1847-1849. 1911. Archive.org version.
    • vol. 6. Political Diaries of Lieutenant Reynell G. Taylor, Mr. P. Sandys Melvill [and others] ... 1847-1849. 1915. Archive.org version (from Archaeological Survey of India)
    • vol. 7. Mutiny Records. Correspondence. 2 pt. 1911. Mutiny Records Correspondence In Two Part Part I 1911: Probably Volume 7 Archive.org version. Mutiny Records Correspondence Vol.7 Pt.2 1911 Archive.org.
    • vol. 8. Mutiny Records. Reports. 2 pt. 1911. Mutiny Records Reports Vol.8; Pt.1 1911 Archive.org version; Mutiny Records Reports Vol.8; Pt.2 Archive.org version.
    • vol. 9. Selections from Note-Books kept by Captain G. Birch, Assistant to Agent to the Governor-General, Karnal Agency, 1818-1821. 1921. Archive.org version.
Press Lists of Mutiny Papers of 1857-58 in the Punjab Secretariat published c 1925 (although catalogued 1857). The author appears to be HLO Garrett, Keeper of the Punjab Records at Lahore. Archive.org, Granth Sanjeevani Collection.
Vol III, No 2, 1915 one article only "The Site of the Battle of Delhi, 1803" by Sir Edward Maclagan;
Volume V 1918, Contents; Volume VI 1918, Contents;
Vol VII, No. 1 1918; Vol VII No 2 1919; Vol VIII No 1 1920; Vol VIII No 2 1921;
Vol IX, Pt I 1923; Vol IX Pt II 1925; Vol X, Part I 1929; Vol X, Part II 1929 No Contents page. All Archive.org
Evidence taken before the Disorders Inquiry Committee. Volume IV: Lahore and Kasur; Volume V : Gujranwala, Gujrat, Lyallpur and Punjab Provincial, Volume V HathiTrust Digital Library; Volume VI: Punjab Government and Sir Umar Hayat Khan 1920. Mainly Archive.org.
Vol.1 - Delhi; Vol.2 - Bombay Presidency; Vol.3 - Amritsar; HathiTrust Digital Library accessible by those in regions such as North America. Volumes 6 and 7 (confidential, 1920 British Library IOR/V/26/262/8-9) were first unrestrictedly published in 1975.

References