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For microfilms available in the LDS (Mormon) library catalogue, see '''[[IOR Marine records on LDS films]]''' or search the [https://familysearch.org/catalog/search FamilySearch Library Catalogue] using keywords India Office Marine Department. ([[FamilySearch Centres#Ordering microfilms|Ordering microfilms]])
:'''Note''': Microfilm ordering services ceases 31 August 2017, has ceased however selected microfilms have been digitised and are currently available for viewing on a FamilySearch computer at a FamilySearch Centre. Locate these records through the FamilySearch catalogue. It is expected that in time all microfilms will be similarly available in this format.
==Books==
A Malim Sahib was a ship’s officer. There was a specialised nautical, bazaar baht or bat, vocabulary spoken by Indian crews.
A dictionary was published in 1920, ''The Malim Sahib's Hindustani'' <ref>Woods, Chris.
[httphttps://archiverlists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/thhyperkitty/readlist/INDIAindia-BRITISHbritish-RAJraj.rootsweb.com/2008-09thread/2726072/1221129762 American English & Malim Sahib's Hindustani] ''Rootsweb India-British-Raj Mailing List'' 11 September 2008. Retrieved 21 July 201727 October 2018. ''The Malim Sahib's Hindustani: for use both ashore and afloat in connection with Lascars and all other low-caste natives of India who speak the bazaar "bat”'' by C T Willson, Bombay Pilot Service. “For ship's officers who wish to acquire a working knowledge of low Hindustani spoken by native crews, coolies, servants and longstoreman generally. All nautical terms and words in common use both ashore and afloat are included."</ref>, which became a required text book for all Cadets, Officers, Radio Officers and Engineers, on joining the British India Steam Navigation Company.<ref>Feltham, John. [httphttps://archiverlists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/thhyperkitty/readlist/india.rootsweb.com/INDIAthread/2002-109900501/1035457929 Sea Cunny] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 24 October 2002. Retrieved 4 December 201525 October 2018.</ref> The language was a mixture of
Hindustani-Gujarati-Marathi-Konkani (Ratnagiri), a little Urdu..... a pot pourri of words, but simple and effective.<ref name= Malim>"The Maalim Saabs Hindustani" [http://trsearecalls.blogspot.com/2013/11/the-maalim-saabs-hindustani-part-1.html Part 1], [http://trsearecalls.blogspot.com/2013/11/the-malim-sahibs-hindustani-part-2.html Part 2] Mariner’s Nostalgia website. Mandatory for British Officers on B I Ships.</ref> The vocabulary was considered similar to a dialect, in that a European who had learnt this vocabulary was said to speak Malim Sahib's (Sahibs) Hindustani.
*National Maritime Museum, Greenwich.
**[http://www.nmm.ac.uk/researchers/library/research-guides/ National Maritime Museum Research Guides]
**[http://blogs.rmg.co.uk/memorials/ Maritime Memorials] in respect of ships’ crews’ deaths. Search for entries for India, Burma, Burmah and Myanmar, Ceylon and Sri Lanka, and other countries such as China, Singapore etc. (Entries for Karachi were classified as India).<ref> Some entries are listed in the India List post [httphttps://archiverlists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/thhyperkitty/readlist/india.rootsweb.com/thread/2014-01312109/1388885968 Maritime cemetery entries from National Maritime Museum website]''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 5 January 2014. Retrieved 25 October 2018. The correct [http://nq.oxfordjournals.org/content/by/year ''Notes and Queries''] reference for the Karachi burials mentioned is either Vol 170/171 1936 or Vol 176 1939.</ref>, or search by name. An associated National Maritime Museum website.
**[http://1915crewlists.rmg.co.uk Crew Lists of the British Merchant Navy-1915] National Maritime Museum. The crews originated from all over the world and on some vessels the British nationals were in a minority
*See the Fibiwiki page [[Ireland]] for Irish Crew Lists 1863-1921. Crews could originate from all over the world. *See the Fibiwiki page [[Hong Kong]] for the free Searchable database for Hong Kong Cemetery which indicates there were sailors buried there.
*[http://www.barnettmaritime.co.uk/index.htm British Maritime History - Realistic genealogical guides to surviving records and more], Len Barnett’s site, has sections on:
:*[http://www.barnettmaritime.co.uk/mainheic.htm EIC]- A realistic guide to what is available to those looking into the careers of seagoing servants (1600-1834)
*[http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EastIndiaResearch.html East India Company Mariners] including information on the Society of East India Commanders and a list of Commanders from 1828 from [http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/index-2.html Mariners - Researching the mariners and ships of the merchant marine and the world's navies]. This website also contains the [http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/MarinersList.html Mariners Mailing List], [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/search Search the Mariners Mailing List Archives]; [http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/IBON-INDEX.html Index of Ships' Official Numbers below 99,999], [http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/ON1.htm Official Numbers: Ships over 300 g.t. built 1876 – 1949]
*[http://www.mariners-l.co.uk/EICintro.htm Merchant Vessels in the Service of the East India Company, 1601-1832] on the Mariners website. Lists ship details.
*Maritime Resources 'Articles of Agreement' by Chris Woods dated 30 August 2013<ref>India-British-Raj List post [httphttps://archiverlists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/thhyperkitty/readlist/INDIAindia-BRITISHbritish-RAJraj.rootsweb.com/2013-08thread/609592/1377845411 Maritime Resources 'Articles of Agreement'] by Chris Woods dated 30 August 2013. Retrieved 27 October 2018.</ref>*[https://blogs.bl.uk/untoldlives/2018/11/journey-to-india-of-randolph-marriott-east-india-company-servant.html "Journey to India of Randolph Marriott, East India Company Servant"] 8 November 2018. British Library Untold lives blog. He had been appointed a [[Writer|writer]] in Bengal, and left England 22 January 1753 on the ship Portfield, arriving on 25 July 1753.*[http://blogs.bl.uk/untoldlives/2017/06/the-loss-of-the-east-indiaman-ganges.html "The loss of the East Indiaman ‘Ganges’ " [in 1807<nowiki>]</nowiki>] 15 June 2017. British Library untold lives blog.
*[http://www.simonkidner.co.uk/sesostris/sesostris.html A Journal of a voyage to the Cape of Good Hope and Bombay in the Ship Sesostris by James Smith, 1829-1831]
*[http://quivis.co.uk/dum/index.html Arthur David Linklater, Master Mariner] - Duncan Linklater's excellent site contains information on shipping and navigation in the early twentieth century, including details of Linklater's employment by the British India Steam Navigation Company, the Royal Naval Reserve and the Calcutta Port Commission. It is located in the section of the [http://quivis.co.uk/ Quivis] site called Dum. With scans and transcripts of original documents and many pages containing facts useful to those with an ancestor in sailing and shipping, exploring the site is recommended (note also the [http://quivis.co.uk/dum/biog-contents.html biographical section contents page]).
*[http://www.poheritage.com P&O Heritage] includes History of Shipping Companies such British India Steam Navigation Company (‘History’ tab); Research Guides and Ship Images and Fact Sheets ( ‘Archive’ tab)
*[http://www.theshipslist.com/ships/lines/asiatic.htm Asiatic Steam Navigation Company] from the Ships’ List.
*The occupation of Master Attendant, equivalent to Harbour Master.<ref>Wilde, Liz. [https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/india.rootsweb.com/thread/1661820/ Master Attendant] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List '' 23 July 2010 and Wilde, Liz. [httphttps://archiverlists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/thhyperkitty/readlist/india.rootsweb.com/INDIAthread/2010-071661752/1279878133 threadMaster Attendant]''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 25 July 2010. Retrieved 25 October 2018. </ref> Initially it appears these men were part of EIC Marine, and later the [[Indian Navy|Royal Indian Marine]]
*[http://www.mmd.gov.in/history.html History of Development of Maritime Regulations/Acts and Changing body of Controlling Authorities] Mercantile Marine Department, Mumbai
*[http://www.shippingwondersoftheworld.com/troopships.html "Troopships and Trooping"] Transcript of an article from ''Shipping Wonders of the World'', part 39, published 3 November 1936. Includes troopships to India.
*[http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=6004 "A Laskari Lexicon – 1"] May 17, 2013; [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=6010 "A Laskari Lexicon – 2"] May 21, 2013 amitavghosh.com.
*"Of Fanás and Forecastles: The Indian Ocean and Some Lost Languages of the Age of Sail" A series pf eleven articles December 10-31, 2012 [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5171 Pt.1], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5184 Pt.2], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5197 Pt.3], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5210 Pt.4], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5219 Pt.5], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5234 Pt.6],[http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5248 Pt.7], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5257 Pt.8], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5260 Pt. 9], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5263 Pt.10], [http://amitavghosh.com/blog/?p=5267 Pt.11] amitavghosh.com.
*[https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1403825 ''The Oriental Compass, Volumes 1 and 2''] by Lawrence B. Bangerter c 2007?. Transcriptions. “Lists name of vessel, place of embarkation, place of debarkation, date and Family History Library passenger list film number”. Shipping is India-USA and China-USA. Volume 2 is mostly China-USA. FamilySearch website. You need to be registered and sign in first, see [[Family Search]].
====Maps====
*[https://maps.nls.uk/world/rec/5842 1923 Map: The World - Sailing Ship Routes] Great Britain. Hydrographic Office. London : HMSO, 1923. maps.nls.uk
**[https://archive.org/stream/mastermarinerbei00eastiala#page/40/mode/2up HEIC practices c 1791], page 41
**[https://archive.org/stream/mastermarinerbei00eastiala#page/58/mode/2up "Chapter II"], page 59 The author joined in 1792 the Honorable East India Company, and shortly after "the country service in a merchant ship".
*[https://archive.org/details/voyagetoindiacon00walliala/page/n5 ''A voyage to India : containing reflections on a voyage to Madras and Bengal, in 1821, in the ship Lonach : instructions for the preservation of health in Indian climates and hints to surgeons and owners of private trading-ships''] by James Wallach, Surgeon of the Lonach. 1824 Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/stream/navalmiscellany01laug#page/332/mode/2up "Extracts from the Journals of Thomas Addison of the East India Company’s Service 1801-1829"] page 333 ''The Naval Miscellany, Volume I''. Publications of the Navy Records Society, Volume XX 1902 Archive.org.
*[http://access.bl.uk/item/viewer/ark:/81055/vdc_0000000530C4#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=10&z=-145.2574%2C0%2C3266.5147%2C2385''Narrative of a Late Steam Voyage from England to India via the Mediteranean. (Part II. Account of a Late Palankeen Trip from Bombay to Mhow and Lahore)''] by Captain T Seymour Burt 1840. British Library Digital Collection. The voyage took place from October 1837. , via Suez. The author changed ships a number of times.
*''The Nautical Magazine and Naval Chronicle. A Journal of Papers on Subjects Connected with Maritime Affairs''. Google Books. Some editions have Contents pages at the front of the book, and some have an Index at the back. There may be other digital editions available if the text is unclear. Contain articles relevant to India, and the seas around India.
:[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=0hUAAAAAMAAJ&pg=PP9 Vol.1 1832], [https://books.google.com.do/books?id=Go0EAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP7 Vol.2 1833], [https://books.google.com.ec/books?id=roQEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP5 Vol.3 1834], [https://books.google.com.do/books?id=6oIEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP15 Vol.4 1835], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=7E9WAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA1 Vol.5 1836], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=skhWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP7 Vol.6 1837], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=QAV1riauZOQC&pg=PR3 Vol.7 1838], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=D0lWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR3 Vol.8 1839], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=MklWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP9 Vol.9 1840]
*[http://hdl.handle.net/10973/22217''Commerce by river in the Punjab (1861-62 to 1871-72) or a Survey of the Marine Department of the Government of the Punjab''] by Faqir Chand Arrora 1930. GIPE Pune
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=lnMIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP3 ''On the preservation of the health of seamen, especially of those frequenting Calcutta and the other Indian ports''] by Norman Chevers MD, Surgeon, Bengal Army 1864 Google Books
*[https://archive.org/details/goodolddaysofshi0000coat/page/n7 '' The Good Old Days of Shipping''] by W H Coates Lieut. R N R 1900 Archive.org:[https://archive.org/details/oldcountrytradeo00coatrich ''The Old 'Country Trade' of the East Indies''] by William Herbert Coates, Comm. R N R (retired) 1911 Archive.org*[https://archive.org/details/cu31924020891416/page/n5 ''The Clipper Ship Era; an epitome of famous American and British clipper ships, their owners, builders, commanders, and crews, 1843-1869''] by Arthur Hamilton Clark 1911 Archive.org. Important for the China trade.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/oldeastindiamen00chatiala#page/n7/mode/2up ''The Old East Indiamen''] by E. Keble Chatterton, 1914 Archive.org
*[httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/499255 ''East Indiamen: The East India Company’s Maritime Service''] by Sir Evan Cotton. Edited by Sir C. G. H. Fawcett. 1949. Pdf downloadArchive.org, Digital Public Library of IndiaCollection. *[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.499255 283924/page/n1 ''Trade In The Eastern Seas 1793-1813''] by C. Northcote Parkinson 1937 Archive.org mirror version], Public Library of India Collection.
*[http://archive.org/stream/merchantadventu00hookgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''Merchant Adventurers, 1914-1918''] by F. A. Hook 1920 Archive.org. A "compilation of the war records of the P. and O., British India and associated lines." Note the file is lacking the illustrations which should be in the book. [http://access.bl.uk/item/viewer/ark:/81055/vdc_100000058408.0x000002 British Library digital file], with illustrations.
*[https://archive.org/details/blackwallfrigates00lubb ''The Blackwall Frigates''] by Basil Lubbock 1922 Archive.org. The Blackwall frigates formed a link betrween the the East Indiaman of the Honourable East India Company and the P&O and Orient liners
*[https://archive.org/details/oldmerchantmarin00pain ''The Old Merchant Marine: A Chronicle of American Ships and Sailors''] by Ralph D Paine 1920 Archive.org. Contains some references to India.
*[https://archive.org/details/indianshippinghi00mookrich ''Indian Shipping: A History of the Sea-Borne Trade and Maritime Activities of the Indians from the Earliest Times''] by Radhakumud Mookerji 1912 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/valiantvoyagings0000saun/page/n9 ''Valiant voyaging : a short history of the British India Steam Navigation Company in the Second World War, 1939-1945''] by Hilary St. George Saunders 1948. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. Includes a Roll of Honour of Officers and Men who lost their lives at sea due to enemy action.
*[https://archive.org/details/investmentinempi0000thor/page/n5 ''Investment in Empire; British railway and steam shipping enterprise in India, 1825-1849''] by Daniel Thorner 1950. Archive.org Lending Library.
*Directories etc
**[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WpteAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR3 ''Sailing Directions for the Oriental Or East-India Pilot''] 1778 Google Books
**[https://archive.org/details/reedsseamanshipc00reed ''Reed's Seamanship. Compiled for candidates preparing to pass the Marine Board examinations for certificates of competency as mates and masters. With ... diagrams''] Revised and enlarged by C M Swainston 22nd edition 1918. Published Sunderland [North-East England]. Archive.org.
**[https://archive.org/details/standardseamansh00ries ''Standard Seamanship for the Merchant Service''] by Felix Riesenberg 1922, published in New York. Archive.org. With illustrations. For ease of reading the text online, select the one page option. Digitised microfilm.
**[https://issuu.com/anmmuseum/docs/flags_national_and_mercantile_for_t ''Flags National and Mercantile…and House Flags and Funnels''] compiled by James Griffin 2nd edition, greatly enlarged 1891. issuu.com, from the collection of the Australian National Maritime Museum. [https://archive.org/details/flagsnationalan00grifgoog 1883 Archive.org version], [https://archive.org/details/flagsnationalan01grifgoog/page/n6 1891 Archive.org version] but many flags are not in colour.
**[http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cns/id/19694 ''1919. Signal Letters of British Ships (formerly the British Code List) for the use of ships at sea, and for signal stations''] Prepared by Charles H Jones, Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen. Published for the Committee of Lloyd’s. Memorial University of Newfoundland Digital Archives Initiative (DAI). Direct link for [http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/cns/Signal_Letters.pdf pdf download]. [http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cns/id/19586 Page xx] is titled "Ships belonging to the War Department..."
*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=_qRWAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP5 ''An English and Hindostanee Naval Dictionary of technical terms and sea phrases ...''] by the late Captain Thomas Roebuck, 4th Edition, revised and corrected by William Carmichael Smyth 1848 Google Books. Previously published in 1841 as part of another book [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=m4peAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA125 "English and Hindostanee Naval Dictionary of Technical Terms, and Sea Phrases"], page 125 ''The Hindoostanee Interpreter: Containing the Rudiments of Grammar; an Extensive Vocabularly; and a Useful Collection of Dialogues. To which is Added a Naval Dictionary of Technical Terms, and Sea Phrases'' by William Carmichael-Smyth 1841 Google Books
:[https://archive.org/details/anenglishandhin00roebgoog ''A Laskari dictionary, or, Anglo-Indian vocabulary of nautical terms and phrases in English and Hindustani, chiefly in the corrupt jargon in use among the Laskars or Indian sailors''] A re-edited and revised edition by George Small, Missionary of the previous works by Roebuck and Smyth. 1882 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/nauticaltermsphr00unit/page/n5 ''Nautical terms & phrases : speak the language of the sea''] [USA] Marine Corps publication 1938 Archive.org
*[https://issuu.com/anmmuseum/docs/handbook_of_information_for_the_col ''Handbook of information for the Colonies and India''] issued by the British India and Queensland Agency Co Ltd , Brisbane 1899-1900. Includes information about the British India Steam Navigation Company, Ld from page 118, digital pages 170-171, including routes and fares. issuu.com, from the collection of the Australian National Maritime Museum.
== References ==
