Orphans

Bengal Presidency

Calcutta

Upper Orphan School

• Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. For details of how to access this article, see FIBIS Journals.
• Etching of Kidderpore House in 1794 from the British Library's Online Gallery
• Photographic print of Kidderpore House in 1851 from the British Library's Online Gallery

Lower Orphan School

• Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. For details of how to access this article, see FIBIS Journals.
• Etching of the Lower Orphan School at Howrah in 1794 from the British Library's Online Gallery

Free School

• Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. For details of how to access this article, see FIBIS Journals.

European Female Orphan Asylum

• Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. For details of how to access this article, see FIBIS Journals.

Lawrence Military Asylum, Sanawar

• Maureen Evers, "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," FIBIS Journal No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. For details of how to access this article, see FIBIS Journals.
• Photograph 1865 from the British Library's Online Gallery
• Refer Lawrence School

Madras Presidency

Madras city

Refer Orphan Schools in Madras.

Lawrence Asylum, Lovedale, near Ootacamund

• Situation in 1856 before establishment. Google Books page 552, Allen’s Indian Mail, 1856 Google Books
• Commenced 1858, control passed to Government 1860. Limited View Google Books page 314 Gazetteer of South India, Volume 2 by W Francis 1988 (probably a reprint of an earlier book, perhaps 1905.) First however, Government insisted that the religious principles adopted at the Lawrence Military Asylum, Sanawar, must be adopted.Limited View Google Books page 262 The Nilgiris, Volume 1 of Madras district gazetteers by W Francis 1994 reprint of an earlier book, probably 1908.
• Amalgamation of the Madras Military Male Orphan Asylum with the Lawrence Asylum was considered from 1860. In April 1864 the land at Lovedale, near Ootacamund, was selected for the combined institutions and new buildings were constructed. 220 boys from the MMMOA moved in September 1871 Limited View Google Books page 262 The Nilgiris,Volume 1 of Madras district gazetteers by W Francis 1994 reprint of an earlier book, probably 1908.
• The girls from the Madras Military Female Orphan School, about 100, were transferred to the Lawrence Asylum, Lovedale in October 1904 as Government required their premises in Madras. Limited View Google Books page 263, The Nilgiris Volume 1 of Madras district gazetteers by W Francis 1994 reprint of an earlier book, probably 1908
• In 1925 the name changed from the Lawrence Memorial School, Lovedale, Ootacamund to the Lawrence Memorial Royal Military School. British Library reference IOR/L/MIL/7/12528 1925
• Conditions early 1930's Limited View Google Books page 3 The Way We Are: An Anglo-Indian Mosaic - Chapter "Never Give In" by Moira Breen 2008.
• The British Library has the following IOR entry:The Lawrence Memorial Royal Military School, Lovedale, Nilgiris, 73rd Report, 1st April 1932-31st March 1933 [and 74th-77th, 79th-80th & 85th Reports, 1933/4-1936/7, 1938/9-1939/40 & 1944/5]. Bangalore: Board of Governors, 1933-45. 8 issues. IOR/L/MIL/17/5/2299 1933-1945
• The British Library has the following two books in its catalogue:

• Never give in : a history of the one hundred and twentyfive years of The Lawrence School, Lovedale by Hugh and Colleen Gantzer c 1984
• Lovedale : the Lawrence Memorial Royal Military School, South India : a Personal Account by Max Cocker. C 1988

• A researcher was able to obtain 1889 admission records from the School which indicated both parents of the boy admitted, the mother being Indian
• Also refer Lawrence School

Bombay Presidency

Bombay

The Society for Promoting the Education of the Poor, Within the Government of Bombay, known as the Bombay Education Society was established in 1815. It ran schools for boys and girls, known as the Central Schools.

• Establishment in 1815 Google Books
• November 1816 First Annual report Google Books
• A Military Asylum (Fund?) was established in 1820 to which soldiers subscribed, which provided for the admittance of orphans to the schools, which were later at Bycullah. Google Books
• 1824 Military Regulations Google Books
• Government Allowances were paid for military children when a boarder at the Central Schools of the Bombay Education Society Google Books 1824
• Foundation stones for the Schools at Bycullah were laid in May 1825 Google Books
• The Schools were opened at Bycullah in 1826 Google Books
• 1829 Google Books
• Twenty Fourth Annual Report 1839 Google Books
• Twenty Fifth Annual Report 1840 Google Books History page 7 in the 1840 report.
• Situation c 1853 Google Books
• Situation c 1857 Google Books
• Letters to the editor of a Bombay Newspaper 1859 Google Books
• Removal of the Military Asylum to Poona was considered in this 1864 Report Google Books
• Times of India Calendar & Directory for 1888 page 441, transcribed by Sylvia Murphy in this India List link. Note that only one orphan belonged to the Military Asylum, funded by the Government.
• David King’s webpage states that in the early 1920’s a decision was made to move the Boarding part of the Schools away from Bombay to the cooler and healthier Deccan Plateau. In 1925 Barnes High School, named after the Venerable Archdeacon George Barnes, founder of the Bombay Education Society, was opened at Devlali. Much of the School land at Bycullah was sold . Christ Church School, Bycullah, with the parish church there, stand on part of the land given originally to the B.E.S. More details are in David King’s webpage about Barnes High School, Devlali.