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Bombay's Victoria Terminus was both the principal station and GIPR's HQ; designed by [[architect]] Frederick William Stevens, it opened on Queen Victoria's 1887 Golden Jubilee.
Autumn The contract was awarded (autumn 1855 Mr ) to '''William Frederick Faviell , ''' and work begun at Bhore Ghat on the 24th 24 January 1856. In March 1859, Mr. Faviell gave up his contract; and, for a short time, two GIPRengineers, '''s engineers Messrs. Swainson Adamson ''' and '''George Louis Clowser''', carried on the workswork.
Incline length: 15 miles, tunnels: 26 (totalling 2====Thul Ghat incline - between Kalyan and Nasik==== The GIPR north-eastern route towards the Gangetic plain.25 miles in length) ===Stations===Bombay's Victoria Terminus was both the principal station and GIPR's HQ; designed by [[architect]] Frederick William Stevens,and 8 viaducts of masonry constructionit opened on Queen Victoria's 1887 Golden Jubilee.
Re-working of structure of article
When, in 1871, the GIPR eventually reached [[Jubbulpore]] and linked to the [[East Indian Railway]] (EIR), it completed Dalhousie’s dream of a Bombay-Calcutta route.
On 30 June 1900, the assets of the GIPR were purchased by the GoI and merged with those of the [[Indian Midland Railway]] into a "new" GIPR, managed by the old company.
In 1951, the GIPR combined with the [[Nizam's Guaranteed State Railway]], the [[Dholpur State Railway]] and the [[Scindia State Railway]] to become [[Central Railway]], a zone of [[Indian Railways]].
The principal economic benefit of the GIPR: was the opening up of the interior to external trade. The two lines up the Western Ghats were fully open by 1865 in time for cotton from the Deccan was to be exported from Bombay to Manchester to fill thus filling the trade gap created by the American Civil War.
==Construction=====The Western Ghats===The narrow coastal plain of India'''Design s west side is separated from the Deccan plateau by a mountain range which rises 1200m (3,900 ft) and construction: which has always restricted internal communication with the Arabian Sea. ====Bhore Ghat Incline - between Bombay Kalyan and Poona'''==== The GIPR south-eastern route towards Madras. Incline length: 15 miles, tunnels: 26 (totalling 2.25 miles in length),and 8 viaducts of masonry construction.
[[Civil Engineers]] included:
GIPR Chief Engineer 1849 - 1862: Mr. '''James James Berkley ''' (surveyor and route designer).
Consultant engineer 1847 - 1867: Mr '''Arthur Anderson West ''' (surveyor of the Bhore Gate Incline).<ref>[http://www.icevirtuallibrary.com/docserver/fulltext/imotp.1913.17480.pdf "Obituary of Arthur Anderson WestMICE"] p363p 363</ref>
GIPR Engineers: Messrs. Adamson and Clowser, subsequently replaced by Messrs. West and Tate in Nov November 1859.
'''Construction Contractors'''
The GIPR construction contract was relet in November 1859 to Mr. Solomon Tredwell, but he who died within fifteen days of landing in India. Mrs. His wife, Alice Tredwell , assumed the contract and appointed Messrs. Adamson and Clowser to manage the contract for her, in her absence - , as Mrs. Tredwell returned to England. This arrangement was to last seven years.
“These gentlemen (Adamson and Clowser) carried on the work with the greatest zeal and ability.” Labour management could limit construction progress, but “by their good and liberal management (Adamson and Clowser) collected and kept on the work a force of 25,000 men during two seasons, and in 1861 of more than 42,000 men.”<ref>[http://www.maharashtra.gov.in/pdf/gazeetter_reprint/Thane-I/trade_roads.html#5 Railways] Thana District Gazetteer</ref>
== Records ==
