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Public Works Department

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*Thomason College, [[Roorkee]]. From around 1870 Assistant Engineers are drawn from civilian staff or the [[Royal Engineers]], Artillery or line Officers were trained at Roorkee. New Engineering Officers to India spent a year at Roorkee serving with the Bengal Sappers and Miners, to acclimatise and become linguistically fluent.
Thomason College was a small training college, with a staff of five. It offered: *a two year Engineering Course for potential Assistant Engineers - a two year course *Quarter Master Course - seven month course .
Graduates from Cooper’s Hill joined the imperial service, while those from Thomason College were destined for provincial service. Those specialising in Military Building including [[architecture]] would be based in a town, while those choosing the Irrigation, or the Railways would find themselves in a remote rural hinterland. Some students became members of the Survey Dept.
Those students with a particular interest in architecture were encouraged to specialise, as there was a great demand for [[architect]]s.
FullAt the time Indian Universities were formed (1860 onwards) they took inspiation from home, where Universities taught Engineering (full-time architectural education did not start begin in England in1892 (until 1892 at King’s College) so at the time Indian Universities were formed (1860 onwards) they copied the existing Engineering Courses, and naturally PWD engineers endorsed the training of Indian engineers. Architectural critics suggested that engineers had insufficient design education that allowed them to do no more than to copy European styles. This was voiced in the 1868 Bombay Builder magazine - which went on to point out that engineers were never employed to design landmark buildings )Law Courts, Government buildings etc) in Britaineducational model.
English trained PWD engineers endorsed the training of Indian engineers at local colleges. Architectural critics (echoing the Design Reform Movement that showcased its views at the 1851 Great Exhibition) suggested that engineers had insufficient design education - allowing them to copy European styles, but not innovate designs for India. This was voiced in the 1868 Bombay Builder magazine - argued that engineers in Britain were never employed to design landmark buildings (Law Courts, Government buildings etc).  Arguably, Engineers on colonial service adversely influenced addversely the training of Indian technicians, and this continued when until Indian Universities, captivated with Modernism, offered Architecture Courses - in the run up to Independence. A result was several generations had not studied India’s rich architectural history. But Accepting this the JJ School of Art [[Bombay]] accepted this and looked forward, visioning the use of concrete a new material that would in time house India 's masses.
As well as Thomason College, Roorkee housed:
*Headquarters for the Bengal Sappers and Royal Engineers in Bengal
*Foundry
*Quarter Master Course - seven month course
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