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Siege of Charikar

3,054 bytes added, 17:27, 28 May 2013
Add Codrington's memorial. Widget
|combatant1=British
|combatant2=Kohistani tribesmen
|commander1=Capt Christopher Codrington, 49th N.I.<br>[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-a/a-haughton.htm Lieut John Haughton]
|commander2=Mir Masjidi
|strength1= Garrison: 740 men<br>100 women<br>40 children<br>100 followers
|strength2=
|casualties1=
|casualties2=
}}
'''This was an event during the [[1st Afghan War]]'''<br>
'''For context see main article [[Kabul Uprising]]'''
== Synopsis ==
[[Eldred Pottinger|Major Eldred Pottinger]] was at Lughmani, a fortifed residence 4 km south of Charikar, on 3 November when Kohistan tribesmen murdered Lieut Rattray and attacked the residence. The Afghan levies deserted and joined the rebels. Capt Codrington left reinforcements and supplies at Lughmani and returned to Charikar. The same day the Kohistan Rangers at Kardarrah, half way between Charikar and Kabul, murdered Lieuts Maule & Wheeler and their sergeant-major and quartermaster-sergeant and went over to the rebels. The road for any relief from Kabul was then cut off.
The next day Lieut Haughton with Ensign Salisbury, 200 Gurkhas and a 6-pounder gun attempted to relieve Lughmani but was forced to retreat by 7 or 800 Afghans. Many Gurkhas were killed and Salisbury and QM-Sgt Hanrahan were severely wounded. Later that night Pottinger and his Gurkhas managed to escape from Lughmani and get back to Charikar Fort.
== Summary ==[http://enThe fort was then under siege with only seven days supply of food and their water supply cut off.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eldred_Pottinger Major Eldred Codrington was in chief command and Pottinger] was at Lughmani, a fortifed residence 4 km south of Charikarformer artillery officer, on 3 November when Kohistan tribesmen murdered Lieut Rattray and attacked commanded the residenceguns. The Afghan levies deserted Salisbury was dying and joined the rebelsHanrahan Incapacitated. Capt Codrington This left reinforcements and supplies at Lughmani Haughton, Rose and returned to Charikar. The same day Byrne as the Kohistan Rangers at Kardarrah, half way between Charikar and Kabul, murdered Lieuts Maule & Wheeler and their sergeant-major and quartermaster-sergeant and went over only Europeans to keep the rebelsGurkhas fighting. The road for any relief from Kabul On 5 November Codrington was then cut off. The next day Lieut Haughton with Ensign Salisbury, 200 Gurkhas mortally wounded in the chest and Pottinger received a severe wound in the thigh. On 6November Sgt-pounder gun attempted to relieve Lughmani but Maj Byrne was forced to retreat by 7 or 800 Afghansmortally wounded and Codrington died. Many Gurkhas were killed and Salisbury and QM-Sgt Hanrahan The Gurkha numbers were severely wounded. Later that night Pottinger badly reduced and his Gurkhas managed to escape all suffered from Lughmani thirst and get back to Charikar Fortfatigue.
The enemy had a complete cordon round the fort was then under and the siege with only seven days supply of food and their continued until on 11 November all water supply cut off. Codrington was in chief command exhausted and Pottingersorties for fresh supplies were unsuccessful. By the 13th the original garrison of 740 had been reduced to less that 400. 100 had been killed (including 12 of the 56 Punjabi gunners), a former artillery officer, commanded 50 taken prisoner while 200 were wounded and unable to fight. That afternoon the guns. Salisbury was dying ceased firing and Hanrahan Incapacitated. This left Haughton, and Ensign Rose and Byrne as went to find out the only Europeans reason. They were met by an artillery deserter who seemed to keep the Gurkhas fightingbe offering terms of surrender. On 5 November Codringtonwas mortally wounded in Haughton grabbed the chest man and Pottinger received a was attacked by the Punjabi subadar who inflicted several severe wound in sword cuts severing the muscles of the thigh. On 6 Novemebr Sgt-Maj Byrne was mortally wounded back of his neck and Codrington diedalmost amputating his right hand. The Gurkha numbers were badly reduced and all suffered from thirst and fatigueremainder of the Punjabi artillerymen then fled the fort. The struggle continued on 7 NovemberEnsign Rose Haughton, his artery spouting blood, managed to find refuge in the roof of the barracks.
By 8 November The Sepoys were also now out of control and they robbed the treasury and Capt Codrington's quarters. It was then decided to quit the fort. Dr Grant spiked the enemy had guns before amputating Haughton's hand. Haughton was set on a complete cordon round horse and with Maj Pottinger led out the fort the advance group. Dr Grant accompanied the main body and Ensign Rose and the QM-Sgt commanded the rear. Discipline was at an end and the party gradually diminished. Dr Grant disappeared presumed killed and Ensign Rose was also killed. Finally the siege continuedonly survivors to reach Kabul were Maj Pottinger and his munshi Mohan Bir, Lt Haughton and his orderly Man Singh and a native sutler.
== Garrison ==
*One company of Gurkhas
*A number of Afghan levies
 
==== Charikar Fort ====
[[Shah Shuja-ul-Mulk |Shah Shuja's ]] 4th Regiment (Gurkhas)
*Capt Codrington (Commandant)
*Lieut Haughton (Adjutant)
*Sgt-Maj Byrne
*QM-Sgt Hanrahan
 
==== Kardarrah ====
Kohistan Rangers
*Lieut Maule (Commandant)
*Lieut Wheeler (Adjutant)
*
 
== Relief Column ==
''Major Clibborn''<br>
*464 Bayonets of [[1st Regiment of Bombay Native Infantry (Grenadiers)|1st Bombay Grenadiers]]
*34 Rank and file of Bombay Artillery
*Three 12 pounder howitzers
*1200 camels
*600 bullocks
== Biographies ==
Modern name:Charikar<br>
Variants: Chareekar<br>
 
== Codrington's Memorial ==
Captain Christopher CODRINGTON - 49th N.I. - Aged 34. Son of Christopher and Martha. Husband of Julia Webber. Killed in action during the defence of Charikar, Kohistan 5th November 1841, while commanding the 4th (Gurkha) Infantry, Shah Shuja's Army.
Memorial at Christ Church, Cheltenham - "Sacred to the memory of Christopher Codrington, Capt. in the Bengal Army and Commandant of the Goorkha Regt of Shah Shooja's contingent, who fell at Chareekar in Afghanistan, whilst defending his post against an overwhelming force of the enemy, Nov. 5th 1841, aged 34 years.<br>"http://glosters.tripod.com/FAfghan.htm
== External Links ==
[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=XiEPAAAAYAAJ3amnMPTPP5MC&pg=PA112PA227&dq=BrownCharikar+Kahun1841&as_brr=3&eicd=wG7eSIqGNIyIjwG12NC9CA2#PPA112,M1 v=onepage&q=Charikar%201841&f=false Charikar] Google Books - Relief column and battle at Nuffoosk Pass<br>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=bv4hzxpo424C&pg=PA204&dq=Charikar+1841&as_brr=3&cd=8#v=onepage&q=Charikar%201841&f=false Biography of Eldred Pottinger]Google Books<br>[http://books.google.comco.uk/books?hlid=enDnrMDX96bGUC&idpg=c1YOAAAAQAAJPA27&dq=CaptainJohn+LewisColpoys+BrownHaughton&printseccd=frontcover2#v=onepage&sourceq=webJohn%20Colpoys%20Haughton&otsf=false Biography of John Colpoys Haughton] Google Books<br>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=rJ4PzRXNBlbv4hzxpo424C&sigpg=kLY3fdJOV9bBob3JuRb1R2f_YvYPA204&sadq=XCharikar+1841&oias_brr=book_result3&resnumcd=8#v=5onepage&ctq=resultCharikar%201841&f=false Siege of Charikar] Google Books<br>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=Eiduxo3wZEQC&pg=PA1&dq=Narrative%20of%20Moteram%20Singh&cd=2#PPP5,M1 v=onepage&q=Narrative%20of%20Moteram%20Singh&f=false Narrative of Havildar Moteram Singh] Google Books  ==== Historical books on-line ====[http://www.archive.org/stream/kabulinsurrecti00eyregoog#page/n150/mode/2up ''The Kabul insurrection of 1841-42'' - The Attack on Charikar] by Maj-Gen Sir Vincent Eyre 1879 (Archive.org)<br>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=uXYIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA103&dq=A+journal+of+the+disasters+in+Affghanistan+Pottinger+Haughton+Kohistan&cd=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''A journal of the disasters in Affghanistan, 1841-2'' - Captain BrownLady Sale's JournalAccount of Charikar]by Lady Florentia Sale 1844 (Google Books) {{#widget:Google PlusOne|size=small|count=true}} 
[[Category:Battles|Charikar, Siege of]]
[[Category:Kabul Uprising|Charikar, Siege of]]
[[Category:1st Afghan War|Charikar, Siege of]]

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