Indian Civil Service and Andaman Islands: Difference between pages

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[[Image:Registrar_of_High_Court.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Scene at High Court, Burma]]
{{Locations_Infobox
The '''Indian Civil Service''' may be abbreviated '''ICS'''.  See also [[Writer]].
|presidency=[[Madras (Presidency)|Madras]]  
 
|image=
==History==
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=11.67,92.76&z=11&t=h&hl=en 11.67°N 92.76°E] 
 
|altitude=  
Initially, the Honourable [[East India Company]] Civil Servants handled the civil administration of India, they were covenanted to provide a lifetime of service.
|presentname=  [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_Islands Andaman Islands]
 
|stateprovince=Union Territory of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_and_Nicobar_Islands Andaman and Nicobar Islands]
Civil service control was transferred to the Indian Government under the Government of India Act of 1858 afterwards new members of the service were contracted for a 10 year term.  
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India India]
The creation of the Imperial Civil Service of India was as a result of the 1886–87 Public Service Commission recommendation.
}}
 
Covenanted service was given by the elite top ranks of the Civil Service who gave a pledge good behaviour. Lower ranks that took Uncovenanted Service were recuited in India, be they English, Indian, or [[Anglo Indian]].
 
==Positions==
[[File:Madras High Court.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Madras High Court]]
In the Regulated Provinces, those that were the older provinces with a long period of settled administration e.g. [[Madras]], [[Bombay]], the positions (after 1858) were:
 
*[[Assistant]] (to Magistrate and Collector)
*Deputy Collector
*Joint Magistrate,
*[[Collector]]-Magistrate (before 1858 known as the District Officer)
*[[Judge]]
After reaching the rank of Joint Magistrate, career progessions was to become a Collector-Magistrate, or Judge. Judges, ofter went on to sit on the High Court after 20 years service.
A Collector-Magistrate may become a [[Commissioner]] of a Division, or gain a seat on the [[Board of Revenue]]. Moving sideways, he may become an Under-Secretary for the Lieutenant Governor.
 


In the Unregulated Provinces, Deputy-Commissioners replaced  the role of Collector-Magistrate.
The '''Andaman Islands''' was the location of a penal colony during the British Raj. [[Port Blair]] is the capital.


==Entry==
A penal settlement existed for a short time in the 1790s but was abandoned due to disease. However, in 1858, after the Indian Mutiny, the penal settlement was re-established  to deal effectively with native Indian troops who had recently rebelled.  By the late 19th century the independence movement had picked up momentum. As a result, the number of prisoners being sent to the Andaman Islands started growing and the need for a high-security prison was felt.  The construction of the Andaman Cellular Jail started in 1896 and was completed in 1906. Most of the prisoners were Indian political prisoners who were housed at the jail until 1937. The penal settlement was closed in 1945.


Arriving in India in 1830, after 2 years patronage supported training at Hertford (1806-1809) and [[Haileybury]] Hertfordshire, England (1809-1858) entrants seeking to gain “Writership” became a student [[writer]] at The East India Company's [[Calcutta]] College in [[Fort William]].  
[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-a/a-walker.htm 1st Superintendent]<br>
Students were lavishly rewarded with ₤400 a year, and encouraged to borrow heavily to acquire high status and comfortable lifestyle - often enabling them to stable 40 horses; not unexpectedly this was reformed. Reforms still allowed students sufficient finance to keep three horses and a buggy. Club memberships and mess parties continued to allow them to gain social influence in the capital.
[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-a/a-haughton.htm 2nd Superintendent]


In 1856 the system of appointment by patronage was replaced by an open competitive examination. Courses of instruction and language training were then carried out in England. Young men were deemed to be fit for immediate service so no longer socialised in the capital unlike their predecessors. They would rely on local tutors for regional dialects.


[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924101205643#page/n167/mode/2up  Entrance requirements c 1872], page 158  ''Index Scholasticus: Sons and daughters. A guide to parents in the choice of educational institutions, preparatory to professional or other occupation of their children'' by R. Kemp Philp 1872 Archive.org
The Japanese occupied the Andaman Islands from 1942 to 1945 during the Second World War.


==FIBIS resources==
==FIBIS resources==
*''FIBIS Fact File No 7: Some major sources for Ancestors in the Indian Public Services'' by Lawrie Butler with a contribution by Tim Thomas, published 2012, 48 pages
*[[FIBIS_Journal#FIBIS_Journal_Number_13_.28Spring_2005.29|FIBIS ''Journal'' 13]] "The Andaman and Nicobar Islands" by Patricia Redmond
:It comprises a list of Abbreviations; Introduction to the L/F/10 Series at the British Library; Case study of research using the L/F/10s; an Index of the L/F/10 series; Availability of Microfilms at both the British Library and the LDS; an article about the Indian Civil Service Records held at the British Library by Tim Thomas.
:Available to buy online from the [http://www.new.fibis.org/products-page/2-fibis-books-and-publications/fibis-fact-files/bff-0007-some-major-sources-for-ancestors-in-the-indian-public-services  '''FIBIS Shop''']
*List of Uncovenanted Europeans Employed at Fort St George [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_dataset&id=989&s_id=873 1818], [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_dataset&id=990&s_id=873 1819] (logged in FIBIS members only), [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_dataset&id=991&s_id=873 1820]  (logged in FIBIS members only) are available on the FIBIS database,  transcribed by Sylvia Murphy
*"Civil Service Records in the India Office Reading Room: A Study of the L/F/10 series" by Lawrie Butler with a contribution from David Blake  [[FIBIS Journals|''FIBIS Journal'']] ''Number 25 (Spring 2011)'', pages 37-42. This article focuses on the Uncovenanted Servants Lists within this series of records.
*"The British Indian Civil Service" by Peter Bailey ''FIBIS Journal Number 29 (Spring 2013)'' pages 30- 37. "A brief history and description of the service". See [[FIBIS Journals]] for details of how to access this article
 
==Records==
===British Library===
*[http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/india/indiaofficerecordsfamilyhistory/occupations/civilservice/civilservice.html Civil Service]  British Library guide on how to use sources from the India Office Records
 
Records include
* Books
**''Alphabetical list of the Hon. East India Company’s Madras Civil Servants, from the year 1780 to the year 1839''.  Edward Dodwell and  James Samuel Miles 1839
**''Alphabetical List of the Honourable East India Company’s Bombay Civil Servants, from 1798, to  1839 ...'' Edward Dodwell and  James Samuel Miles 1839
**A similar listing for Bengal is available online , together with a later listing for Madras, refer below.
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_1&cid=1-6#1-6 India Office Serials  '''IOR/V/6''']  1768-1948 This series comprises serials published or printed by, or on behalf of, the East India Company and the India Office. The serials include ''Lists of the Company's Servants'' 1768-1799, the ''East India Register and Directory'' (later ''India List'') 1803-1895, the ''India Office List'' 1886-1947 and the ''India Office Establishment'' 1884-1948. Some are available online, refer [[Directories online]], or on LDS microfilm, with this [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=778871  catalogue entry]. These Lists usually provide short records of service, providing the date of appointment, promotions and qualifications for individuals.
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_5&cid=1-1#1-1  Histories of Services  '''IOR/V/12'''] 1875-1955. This series includes records of service for overseas Indian Civil Service personnel and for other civil servants of gazetted rank.
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_5&cid=1-2#1-2  Civil Lists  '''IOR/V/13''']  1840-1958. This series includes all the issues of civil lists of the Government of India and of the provincial governments. Coverage is usually restricted to gazetted officers in the main series of lists, but there are a few supplementary lists of subordinate services and also some fuller departmental establishment lists which include non-gazetted appointments, in particular the Telegraph, Indo-European Telegraph, Public Works and Railways departments.


===Uncovenanted service===
==India Office Records at the British Library==
See:
====[[Church records# Records at the British Library| Church records at the British Library]]====
*[[L/F/10 Records of Service 1702-1928]] and
A number of records appear on the [[LDS]] FamilySearch site, refer [[IGI]].
*[[Biographical Records (IOR O series)]]


Also see [[Indian Civil Service#FIBIS resources|FIBIS resources]] above.
The Church records for the Andaman Islands mainly appear in the Bengal Presidency records, although there are a few in the Madras Presidency records


*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlag_4&cid=1-49-15#1-49-15 Returns of Deaths of Uncovenanted Servants and Other Officers '''IOR/L/AG/34/14A'''] 1870-1949. The returns, which are not 100% complete, relate to Europeans born in the UK and India and  to a few Eurasians. Volume 1: 1870-1876 has been transcribed and is available on the [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=871&s_id=260 FIBIS database]
It appears that from circa 1861 the Andaman Islands were administered by Burma, which in turn was part of the Bengal Presidency. At a later (unknown) date, but by 1893, it was part of the Madras Presidency, as show by this [http://www.archive.org/stream/historyofindia00lethiala#page/178/mode/2up/search/Andaman link], page 178 ''The history of India'',
revised by Sir Roper Lethbridge 1893.(Archive.org) At a still later date, the Presidency may have again changed, so if you are searching for church records, using the indexes, (either at the [[British Library]], or by [[Using LDS Microfilms#Index|using LDS Microfilms]])
it is suggested you search in both Bengal and Madras Presidency records.


*This India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2011-02/1297381051 post] advises that a number of [[LDS]]  microfilms in respect of uncovenanted servants are listed in the LDS Library catalogue under the title [http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=831494&disp=A+return+of+all+offices%2C+places+and+pe&columns=*,0,0 A return of all offices, places and pensions, civil, political, military and commercial held under the East India Company within the United Kingdom and colonies. India Office]. The reference IOR/ L/AG/30/1-22/1-60 is quoted, however an examination of page 2 of the film notes for the catalogue entry shows that many of the records for uncovenanted servants are from the series '''IOR/L/F/10/119-188''', for the period to 1900 (broken range).
====Other records====
Records in respect of the Andaman Islands include:
*Proceedings and Consultations of the Government of India and of its Presidencies and Provinces [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorp_8&cid=1#1 '''IOR/P''']   includes [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorp_8&cid=1-5#1-5  Port Blair and the Nicobars Proceedings]  Proceedings of the Superintendent of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1876-1921
*Administration Reports: Andaman and Nicobar Islands  [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_3&cid=1-1-19#1-1-19  '''IOR/V/10/589-628'''] 1872-1940
*Andaman and Nicobars Gazette [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_4-2&cid=1-1-9#1-1-9 '''IOR/V/11/3695-3699'''] 1895-1903
*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_5&cid=1-1#1-1 Histories of Services  '''IOR/V/12''']  includes Histories of Services: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 1886-1889  [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_5&cid=1-1-434#1-1-434 '''IOR/V/12/434''']
*"The history of the Andaman and Nicobar Police" (anon) [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-msseur_11&cid=11-3-1#11-3-1  '''Mss Eur F161/26'''] 1858-1960
*Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Medical Department: Annual sanitary and medical report on the settlement of Port Blair, Andamans, 1869  [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/A2A/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_8-2&cid=1-1-1774#1-1-1774 '''IOR/V/24/3875''']
*Coll 5/5(1); Indian Forest Service. Amendments to Cadre in Andaman Islands  [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/A2A/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlsg7&cid=1-1-5-10#1-1-5-10  '''IOR/L/SG/7/337''']  11 Jun 1931-1947 Mar 14


==Individuals==
==External links==
See [[List of Indian Civil Servants]] for details of some individuals.
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=7ExSHU5BYCgC&pg=PA24&dq=Port+Cornwallis+1796&hl=en&ei=zCubTPHKJ4jCswa1h6icBA&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q&f=false Historical Background] Google Books
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_Blair Port Blair] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_Jail Cellular Jail]  Wikipedia
*George Weber’s [http://www.andaman.org/index.htm    Lonely Islands] including
**[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/text-group-BodyChapters.htm The Andamanese] including
***[http://www.andaman.org/BOOK/app-o/texto.htm The Murder of Lord Mayo 1872]
**[http://www.andaman.org/NICOBAR/text.htm Nicobarese] including
***[http://www.andaman.org/NICOBAR/book/history/Britain/Hist-Britain.htm The Nicobar Islands The British in the Nicobars] by Dr. Simron Jit Singh.
*[http://as.and.nic.in/TourismAND/Announcements/draftscriptRoss.pdf  History of Ross Island] [https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:f3NXBGZRwV0J:as.and.nic.in/TourismAND/Announcements/draftscriptRoss.pdf+Mouat+Andaman+1858&hl=en&gl=au&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESik-8vRYmjFhD69_O_opFJ1_Kl62yXUuc49E0fNvEZXEVNbaHTivRX2DAh7voozZ7ZIDvU4P-eHPRRbdeUGAB7fndmhhi4fjFoB4-bhaUDi5jTmGGS4OLh_urk5U6qfDtUJ5rby&sig=AHIEtbRwqo14oIANBvfbzRnWm68OOCB5Bg html version] as.and.nic.in
*[http://www.andamantourism.in/andamans-history-india.html History] andamantourism.in
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20110525205518/http://www.andamancellularjail.org/History.htm  History of Andaman Cellular Jail] andamancellularjail.org, now an archived website.
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/27751389@N07/sets/72157625902578131/ The remote Andaman Islands] flickr.com Interesting photos showing jail, ruined church and cemetery.
*This [http://www.hindu.com/lr/2003/09/07/stories/2003090700240400.htm  review], from ''The Hindu'', of the book ''Travel Writing and the Empire'' by Sachidananda Mohanty (Editor), gives details of one of the essays "Colonialism, Surveillance and Memoirs of travel: Tegart's Diaries and the Andaman Cellular Jail", where "Tutun Mukherjee looks at the "Memoir of an Indian Policeman", a compilation made by Tegart's wife of the diaries of Charles Augustus Tegart, British loyalist and Police Commissioner. The Memoir, Mukherjee notes, records a particularly violent chapter in India's colonial history, that of extremism, British repression and brutal colonial incarceration. Travelling to the Cellular Jail in the beautiful Andaman archipelago in 1913, Tegart notes the careful architecture of the prison, recording all the many ways in which the prisoners were kept under control, his eyes ever alert for lapses in vigilance". Available through Amazon.co.uk from the [http://astore.amazon.co.uk/faminbriindso-21/detail/8187649364 FIBIS Shop]
**''Charles Tegart of the Indian Police'': an unpublished biography by Lady Tegart is available at the [[British Library]] with European Manuscripts catalogue entry [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-msseur_1&cid=636#636  Mss Eur C235] 1881-1946
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=7kr6uiqyLHoC&pg=PA32 "Medical Officer in Cellular Jail"], page 32 ''Doctor Diwan Singh Kalepani'' by N. Iqbal Singh, Sahitya Akademi Google Books
*[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2000/20001120/punjab.htm#13 In memory of an unsung martyr: Dr Diwan Singh Kalepani] The Tribune  Chandigarh  Monday, 20 November 2000
*[http://www.angloburmeselibrary.com/index.html The Anglo-Burmese Library], on its [http://www.angloburmeselibrary.com/message-boards.html Message Boards] page states "The Andaman Islands BMD returns were always included in the Burma returns, and so we feel justified in including these Islands in our remit"
*This India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2003-12/1072884610 post] is about 'Burials: Port Blair - extracted from returns April 1878 to March 1891'
*This India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2011-01/1293968501  post] is about government appointments c 1904-1937. There is also reference to the destruction of most of the cemetery at Port Blair due to the tsunami in 2004.
*[http://readinggivesmewings.wordpress.com/2012/01/09/the-arracan-expedition-andaman-islands-1867  The Arracan Expedition, Andaman Islands 1867] A detachment of 3 officers and 100 men of the [[24th Regiment of Foot]] was dispatched from Rangoon on the steamship Arracan to rescue crew members of the ship Assam Valley who had been captured. As a result 5 Victoria Cross awards were made. readinggivesmewings.wordpress.com
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=7kr6uiqyLHoC&pg=PA48 The British leave prior to the Japanese conquest in 1942], page 48 ''Doctor Diwan Singh Kalepani'' by N. Iqbal Singh, Sahitya Akademi Google Books
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Andaman_Islands Japanese occupation of the Andaman Islands] Wikipedia
*[http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/2910 Details of a film held at the Imperial War Museum: Reoccupation of the Andaman Islands (7/10/1945)] The Japanese surrender. colonialfilm.org.uk
*[http://www.asthabharati.org/Dia_Jan%2009/RVR.htm Penal System in Andaman] by R.V.R. Murthy ''Dialogue January - March, 2009 , Volume 10 No. 3'' Dialogue (A quarterly journal of Astha Bharati)
*'The search for Black Rock" by Professor Clare Anderson. Discusses letters in the India Office archives of the British Library dated 1874-77 written by the Reverend Thomas L.J. Warneford
:[http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/untoldlives/2012/02/the-search-for-black-rock-part-i.html Part I] 20 February 2012, [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/untoldlives/2012/02/the-search-for-black-rock-part-ii.html Part II] 23 February 2012 British Library Blog: Untold Lives: Sharing stories from the past.
*[http://www.thehindu.com/features/metroplus/travel/come-to-ozymandias/article4837186.ece "Come to Ozymandias" <nowiki>[</nowiki>Ross Island<nowiki>]</nowiki>] by Lakshmi Krupa June 21, 2013 ''The Hindu''


==See also==
*[[Civil Service reading list]]
*[[Life in India#Work|Life in India-Work]]
*[[Bonds, Covenants, Indentures and Obligations, etc.]]


 
====Historical books online====
==External Links==
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=RwYs4n2HUioC&pg=PA110 "Notes on the Andamans"] by Lieutenant TM Philbrick HM Indian Navy. Read before the Society 15th March 1860, page 110 ''Transactions of the Bombay Geographical Society Volume 15, May 1858- May 1860'' Google Books
{{Library|link1=[http://www.google.com/books?uid=4345922024743697884&as_coll=1095&source=gbs_lp_bookshelf_list |tag1=Civil Service] |link2=|tag2= |link3=  |tag3= }}
*[http://archive.org/stream/otherwayrespectf00forb#page/136/mode/2up "A Prisoner in Paradise"] page 137 ''The other way: respectfully dedicated to all good housewives'' by Ernest Forbes 1899  Archive.org
*[[wikipedia:Indian Civil Service|Indian Civil Service]] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Administrators_in_British_India Category: Administrators in British India] Wikipedia
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/andamanandnicob00unkngoog#page/n8/mode/1up ''The Andaman and Nicobar Islands: Local Gazetteer''] 1908 Archive.org
*[http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/india/indiaofficerecordsfamilyhistory/occupations/civilservice/civilservice.html  India Office Records Civil Service sources] British Library 
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V05_358.gif "Andaman and Nicobar Islands"] ''Imperial Gazetteer of India'', Volume 5, page 350.
*[http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?203758 “The Men Who Ruled India”] by Sagarika Ghose, ''Outlook'', 25 June 1997
*[http://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V20_197.gif "Port Blair"] ''Imperial Gazetteer of India'', Volume 20, page 191.
*This India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2001-02/0982435181 post] discusses the meaning of covenanted.
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=RegiAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA31 "Act XXVII of 1861.  Passed by the Legislative Council of India. An Act to regulate the administration of Port Blair and other settlements in the Andaman Islands], page 31 ''Hand Book for British Burma'' compiled by Captain G E Fryer 1867 Google Books
*Victorian Wars Forum [http://www.victorianwars.com/viewtopic.php?f=19&t=6173 thread] in which Frogsmile identifies  the uniform in a photograph to be Civil Service Levee Dress 4th Class. The subject was in the Indian Political Service.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/andamanislands035497mbp#page/n5/mode/2up ''The Andaman Islands''] by F A M Dass 1937 Archive.org
*[http://www.scribd.com/doc/67434923/Growing-Up-in-Assam  ''Growing Up in Assam: A Personal Story'']  by Amrit Baruah 2011. The author was born c. late 1920s and his father was a magistrate, then Additional Judge. scribd.com   
*[https://archive.org/stream/andthatremindsme00coxo#page/48/mode/2up ''And that reminds me 
being incidents of a life spent at sea, and in the Andaman Islands, Burma, Australia, and India''],  page 48 
by Stanley W. Coxon 1915 Archive.org. The author, probably born c late 1850s was temporarily appointed to the [[Bombay Marine|Royal Indian Marine]] early/mid 1880s and proceeded to the Andaman Islands
===Historical books online===
*[https://archive.org/stream/memoirswithfulla00rossuoft#page/62/mode/2up Port Blair 1885] page 62 and in [https://archive.org/stream/memoirswithfulla00rossuoft#page/68/mode/2up  1886] page 68 ''Memoirs, with a Full Account of the Great Malaria Problem and its Solution'' by Ronald Ross 1923 Archive.org. The author was in the Madras Medical Service.
====Lists====
Also see [[Directories online]], particularly the category  [[Directories online#India List and India Office List| India List and India Office List]]
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=lgIRAQAAIAAJ&pg=PT12 ''Alphabetical list of the honourable East India Company's Bengal civil servants, from the year 1780, to the year 1838 etc''] by Edward Dodwell, James Samuel Miles (1839)  Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=I5cxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PP5  ''A General Register of the Hon'ble East India Company's Civil Servants of the Bengal Establishment from 1790 to 1842 ... To which is Added a List of the Governors General of India''] by Rāmachandra Dāsa, Henry Thoby Prinsep 1844 Google Books. The  Alphabetical List commences [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=I5cxAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA1 here]
*[http://www.archive.org/details/recordofservices00prinrich ''Record  of services of the Honourable East India Company's civil servants in  the Madras presidency, from 1741 to 1858...''] by Charles Campbell Prinsep (1885) Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=WBlcAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA3 "Return of the Officers in each Court of Justice in India"] in ''Sessional Papers Printed by the Order of the House Of Lords: Session 1852-53'', Volume XIII, Accounts and Papers East India Company. Google Books
*[http://archive.org/stream/historyofservice00alla#page/n5/mode/2up ''History of services of gazetted officers employed under the government of the N.-W.P. and Oudh. Corrected up to 1st Jan., 1881'']. Compiled in the Govt. Sectt., N-.W.P. and Oudh, Allahabad. 1881 Archive.org [http://archive.org/stream/historyofservice00alla#page/n13/mode/2up Index]
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/indiancivilserv00tuppgoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''The Indian Civil Service List for 1880''] Archive.org
*[http://archive.org/stream/quarterlycivill00offigoog#page/n4/mode/2up ''Quarterly Civil List for the Punjab: Corrected up to 1st October 1898''] Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=3VQTAAAAYAAJ ''The India List and India Office List 1905''] Google Books
 
====General====
*''Oriental Memoirs: A Narrative of Seventeen Years Residence in India'' by James Forbes  [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=r2IOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR1  Volume I], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=rlkOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR1 Volume II] 2nd edition 1834, revised by his daughter. Google Books. The four volumes of the original edition, published 1813, are available to read online at [[Online books#Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online|Kerala State Central Library Rare Books Online]] (Volume 3 is catalogued ''Oriental Memories''). The author arrived in Bombay in 1766, aged 16 to work as a writer.
*[http://archive.org/stream/fiftysevensomeac00keenrich#page/n3/mode/2up ''Fifty-Seven: Some Account of the Administration in Indian Districts during the Revolt of the Bengal Army''] by Henry George Keene 1883 Archive.org
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=R24BAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR1 ''How I won the Victoria Cross''] by Thomas Henry Kavanagh, Assistant Commissioner in Oudh, 1860 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=onEBAAAAQAAJ&pg=PR1 ''Personal Adventures during the Indian Rebellion in Rohilcund, Futtehghur, and Oude''] by William Edwards, Judge of Benares, and late Magistrate and Collector of Budaon in Rohilcund. 1858 Google Books
*''The Personal Adventures and Experiences of a Magistrate During the Rise, Progress, and Suppression of the Indian Mutiny'' by Mark Thornhill  1884 is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website. Also available as a current reprint by Cambridge University Press [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=7ihP7E49bDYC&pg=PP1    Preview Google Books].  
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/sketchesofsocial015334mbp#page/n81/mode/2up/  "The Bengal Civil Service"] Chapter IV of ''Sketches of Social life in India'' by CT Buckland (1884) ex-Bengal Civil Service
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=-PdWAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA45 ''Lives of Indian Officers: Illustrative of the History of the Civil and Military Service of India''] Volume 1 by John William Kaye (1867) gives, from p45, the background to the Civil Service. [http://books.google.com/books?id=-PdWAAAAMAAJ&pg=PR15 Contents Volume 1] Google Books [http://www.archive.org/stream/livesofindianoff02kayeiala#page/n5/mode/2up Contents Volume 2]  Archive.org
*''Thirty-eight years in India : from Juganath to the Himalaya Mountains''  by William Tayler (1881) Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924021024835 Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/details/thirtyeightyear03taylgoog Volume 2].  The author commenced work in the Bengal Civil Service in 1829.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/reynelltaylorcbc00gamb#page/n9/mode/2up ''Reynell Taylor, C.B., C.S.I. a biography''] by E. Gambier Parry 1888 Archive.org.  The subject joined the Indian Army in 1840 , serving as a Cavalry Officer until c 1846. He subsequently served as Commissioner in various areas in the North West until his retirement in 1877
*[http://archive.org/stream/memoriesofrugbyi00arburich#page/n9/mode/2up ''Memories of Rugby and India''] 
by Sir Alexander J. Arbuthnot 1910 Archive.org.  The author was in the Madras Civil Service from 1842 for thirty years.
*''Life in the Mofussil; or, The Civilian in Lower Bengal'' by G Graham (1878) Archive.org [http://www.archive.org/stream/lifeinmofussilor01grah#page/n3/mode/2up    Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/stream/lifeinmofussilor02grah#page/n3/mode/2up Volume 2]. The author went to India c 1860.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/sirrobertgsandem00tuckrich#page/n5/mode/2up ''Sir Robert G. Sandeman K.C.S.I., peaceful conqueror of Baluchistan''] by A.L.P. Tucker 1921 Archive.org. Born 1835, he joined the Bengal Army in 1856 and the Civil Service in 1859, working in the North West from 1861 until his death in 1892.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/amongindianrajah00frasiala#page/n7/mode/2up ''Among Indian rajahs and ryots; a civil servant's recollections & impressions of thirty-seven years of work & sport in the Central Provinces & Bengal'']  by Andrew H. L Fraser 1912 Archive.org.  He joined the Civil Service in 1871 and became Lieutenant Governor of Bengal. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Fraser_(civil_servant) Wikipedia]
*''Memoirs of a Bengal Civilian'' by  John Beames may be read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website. He served as Collector of Cuttack from 1875 to 1878 and earlier as Collector of Balasore District from 1869 to 1873. For more details about this book, and John Beames, see the [[Cuttack]] page.
*[http://archive.org/stream/thirtyfiveyearsi00elsm#page/n7/mode/2up ''Thirty-five years in the Punjab, 1858-1893''] by G. R. Elsie. "The last Haileybury Civilian who worked in that Province" 1908 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/stream/indiaweserved035205mbp#page/n7/mode/2up ''The India We Served''] by Sir Walter Roper Lawrence 1928. He joined the Punjab Civil Service c 1879  He left India October 1903 but returned for the Royal visit  of the Prince and Princess of Wales November 1905 to March 1906. During WW1 he was involved with setting up the  hospitals in Brighton for Indian soldiers.
*[https://archive.org/stream/andthatremindsme00coxo#page/120/mode/2up ''And that reminds me 
being incidents of a life spent at sea, and in the Andaman Islands, Burma, Australia, and India''] Part III India (page 123) 
by Stanley W. Coxon 1915 Archive.org. The author, probably born c late 1850s commenced with the Civil Service in India in 1892, having previously been with the Police in [[Burma]]. He was appointed as Deputy Commissioner at [[Chanda]], the most southerly District of Central Provinces, part of the Nagpur Division [https://archive.org/stream/andthatremindsme00coxo#page/154/mode/2up page 154] He retired on medical grounds in 1906.
 
====Administrative====
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=6iQoAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA193 "Abridged Code of Regulations Affecting Civil Employees"] in ''The Bengal and Agra annual guide and gazetteer, for 1841'' Part 2, p193, Google Books
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=cLsOAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA284 Appointment in 1848] from ''The Oriental Interpreter and Treasury of East India Knowledge...'' by Joachim Hayward Stocqueler (1848) p284, Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=HB0TAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP5  ''The Punjab Record or Reference Book for Civil Officers Volume 3 1868''] Google Books
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP5  ''The Punjab Record or Reference Book for Civil Officers Volume 4 1869''] Contains circulars, with indexes, for 1869. Each section is numbered separately:[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP7 Financial Circular Orders]; [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP11 Police Department Orders], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA1 commencing here]; [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP23  Account Department Orders];  [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP31  Jail Department Orders]; [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP35  Registration Circular Orders]; [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR1  Supreme Government Orders],  [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA3-PA1 commencing here]; [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR21  Punjab Government Orders],  [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA4-PA1 commencing here]; [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=jRUTAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR29 Selections from the records of the Office of the Financial Commissioner, Punjab 1869] Google Books


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[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Occupations]]
[[Category:Government and Administration]]

Revision as of 07:22, 23 March 2014

Andaman Islands
[[Image:|250px| ]]
Presidency: Madras
Coordinates: 11.67°N 92.76°E
Altitude:
Present Day Details
Place Name: Andaman Islands
State/Province: Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands
Country: India
Transport links

The Andaman Islands was the location of a penal colony during the British Raj. Port Blair is the capital.

A penal settlement existed for a short time in the 1790s but was abandoned due to disease. However, in 1858, after the Indian Mutiny, the penal settlement was re-established to deal effectively with native Indian troops who had recently rebelled. By the late 19th century the independence movement had picked up momentum. As a result, the number of prisoners being sent to the Andaman Islands started growing and the need for a high-security prison was felt. The construction of the Andaman Cellular Jail started in 1896 and was completed in 1906. Most of the prisoners were Indian political prisoners who were housed at the jail until 1937. The penal settlement was closed in 1945.

1st Superintendent
2nd Superintendent


The Japanese occupied the Andaman Islands from 1942 to 1945 during the Second World War.

FIBIS resources

India Office Records at the British Library

Church records at the British Library

A number of records appear on the LDS FamilySearch site, refer IGI.

The Church records for the Andaman Islands mainly appear in the Bengal Presidency records, although there are a few in the Madras Presidency records

It appears that from circa 1861 the Andaman Islands were administered by Burma, which in turn was part of the Bengal Presidency. At a later (unknown) date, but by 1893, it was part of the Madras Presidency, as show by this link, page 178 The history of India, revised by Sir Roper Lethbridge 1893.(Archive.org) At a still later date, the Presidency may have again changed, so if you are searching for church records, using the indexes, (either at the British Library, or by using LDS Microfilms) it is suggested you search in both Bengal and Madras Presidency records.

Other records

Records in respect of the Andaman Islands include:

  • Proceedings and Consultations of the Government of India and of its Presidencies and Provinces IOR/P includes Port Blair and the Nicobars Proceedings Proceedings of the Superintendent of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands 1876-1921
  • Administration Reports: Andaman and Nicobar Islands IOR/V/10/589-628 1872-1940
  • Andaman and Nicobars Gazette IOR/V/11/3695-3699 1895-1903
  • Histories of Services IOR/V/12 includes Histories of Services: Andaman and Nicobar Islands, 1886-1889 IOR/V/12/434
  • "The history of the Andaman and Nicobar Police" (anon) Mss Eur F161/26 1858-1960
  • Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Medical Department: Annual sanitary and medical report on the settlement of Port Blair, Andamans, 1869 IOR/V/24/3875
  • Coll 5/5(1); Indian Forest Service. Amendments to Cadre in Andaman Islands IOR/L/SG/7/337 11 Jun 1931-1947 Mar 14

External links

Part I 20 February 2012, Part II 23 February 2012 British Library Blog: Untold Lives: Sharing stories from the past.


Historical books online

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