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__TOC__This page explains the '''image''' syntax when editing the wiki. You or another user must usually [[Help:Managing files|upload an image]] before you can use it on a page. Images that are stored on a MediaWiki server are usually rendered by using the <code>File:</code> namespace prefix (but the legacy <code>Image:</code> namespace prefix is still supported as a synonym) as the target of a MediaWiki link. The alternate <code>Media:</code> namespace prefix is also usable to reference the original media file content (for rendering or downloading it separately, out of any MediaWiki page). == Supported media types for images ==The following file formats are supported by default:* .jpg or .jpeg : bitmap image compressed in the standard JPEG format (this lossy format is most suitable for photographs).* .png : bitmap image in the ''Portable Network Graphics'' format (specified by the ''W3 Consortium'').* .gif : bitmap image in the legacy ''Graphics Interchange Format''. Other media types may be supported, but it may not be possible to display them inline.== Rendering a single image == === Syntax ===The full syntax for displaying an image is: <nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:''filename.extension''|''options''|''caption'']] where ''options'' can be zero or more of the following, separated by pipes ('''|'''):* ''[[#Format|Format]]'' option: one of '''border''' and/or '''frameless''', '''frame''', '''thumb''' (or '''thumbnail''');*: Controls how the rendered image is formatted and embedded in the rest of the page.* ''[[#Size and frame|Resizing]]'' option: one of** ''{width}'''''px''' — Resizes the image to fit within the given maximum width in pixels, without restricting its height;** '''x'''''{height}'''''px''' — Resizes the image to fit within the given maximum height in pixels, without restricting its width;** ''{width}'''''x'''''{height}'''''px''' — Resizes the image to fit within the given width and height in pixels;** '''upright''' — Resizes an image to fit within reasonable dimensions, according to user preferences (suitable for images whose height is larger than width).*: Note that the image will always retain its aspect ratio, and can only be reduced (not increased) in size unless it's in a scalable media type (bitmap images cannot be scaled up).*: The default maximum size depends on the ''format'' and the internal image dimensions (according to its media type).* ''[[#Horizontal alignment| Horizontal alignment]]'' option: one of '''left''', '''right''', '''center''', '''none''';*: Controls the horizontal alignment (and inline/block or floating styles) of the image within a text (no default value).* ''[[#Vertical alignment|Vertical alignment]] option'': one of '''baseline''', '''sub''', '''super''', '''top''', '''text-top''', '''middle''', '''bottom''', '''text-bottom''';*: Controls the vertical alignment of a non-floating inline image with the text before or after the image, and in the same block (the default vertical alignment is '''middle''').* ''[[#Altering the default link target|Link]] option'': one of** '''link='''''{target}'' — Allows to change the target (to an arbitrary page title, or URL) of the generated link, activable on the rendered image surface; e.g. <code><nowiki>[[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=http://www.wikipedia.org]]</nowiki></code> renders as [[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=http://www.wikipedia.org]] (external link), or <code><nowiki>[[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=MediaWiki]]</nowiki></code> renders as [[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=MediaWiki]] (internal link).** '''link=''' (with an empty value) — (MediaWiki 1.14+) Displays an image without any activable link; e.g. <code><nowiki>[[</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|20px|link=]]</code> renders as [[File:Example.jpg|20px|link=]].<!--*** '''!''' Link does '''not''' work with thumb, thumbnail or frame. (This works for external and internal links)-->*** '''!''' If you set <code>|link=|</code> (empty), then no <code>title</code> will be rendered. (See [https://bugzilla.wikimedia.org/show_bug.cgi?id=21454 bugzilla:21454].)* Other specific options:** '''alt='''''{alternative text}'' — (MediaWiki 1.14+) Defines the alternative text (maps to the HTML attribute <code>alt="..."</code> of the generated <code>&lt;img /&gt;</code> element) of an image that will be rendered if either the referenced image cannot be downloaded and embedded, or if the support media must use the alternative description text (e.g. when using a Braille reader or with accessibility options set by the user in its browser).** '''page='''''{Prettytablenumber}'' — Renders the specified page number (currently only applicable when showing a .djvu or .pdf file).** '''class='''''{html class}'' — (MediaWiki 1.20+) Defines classes (maps to the HTML attribute <code>class="..."</code> of the generated <code>&lt;img /&gt;</code> element).** '''lang='''''{language code}'' — (MediaWiki 1.22+) For SVG files containing [http://www.w3.org/TR/SVG/struct.html#SwitchElement &lt;switch&gt;] statements varying on a ''systemLanguage'' attribute, selects what language to render the file in. The default is always English, even on non-English wikis. If a parameter does not match any of the other possibilities, it is assumed to be the caption text. Caption text shows below the image in '''thumb''' and '''frame''' formats, or as tooltip text in any other format. Caption text displayed in the '''thumb''' and '''frame''' formats may contain wiki links and other formatting. MediaWiki extensions can add additional options. If 'alt' is not specified and a caption is provided, the alternative text will be created automatically from the caption, stripped of formatting. === Format ===The following table shows the effect of all available formats. {|class="wikitable plainlinks"

!Description!You type!You get{{Help:Images/frame|frame=|ex=no format specified|float=no|inline=yes|render caption=no}}{{Hl3Help:Images/frame|frame=border|ex='''border''' results in a very small gray border|float=no|inline=yes|render caption=no}}{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frameless|ex='''Descriptionframeless''', like thumbnail, respect user preferences for image width, but without border and no right float|float=no|inline=yes|render caption=no}}{{Help:Images/frame|frame=frameless|2=border|ex='''frameless''' and '''border'''|float=no|inline=yes|render caption=no}}{{Hl3Help:Images/frame|frame=frame|ex='''frame'''|float=yes|inline=no|render caption=yes}}{{Help:Images/frame|frame=thumb|ex='''You typethumb''' or '''thumbnail''' |float=yes|inline=no|render caption=yes}}|}When the height of an image in thumbnail is bigger than its width (i.e. in portrait orientation rather than landscape) and you find it too large, you may try the option <code>upright=N</code>, where N is the image's aspect ratio (its width divided by its height, defaulting to 0.75). The alternative is to specify the desired maximum height (in pixels) explicitly. Note that by writing <code>thumb={{Hl3}filename}</code>, you can use a different image for the thumbnail. === Size and frame ===Among different formats, the effect of the size parameter may be different, as shown below.* For how it appears when its size is not specified, see [[#Format|Format]] section above.* When the format is not specified, or only <code>border</code>ed, the size can be both reduced and enlarged to any specified size.* In the examples below, the original size of the image is 400 × 267 pixels.* An image with <code>frame</code> always '''You getignores'''the size specification, the original image will be reduced if it exceeds the maximum size defined in user preferences.* The size of an image with <code>thumb</code> can be reduced, but can not be enlarged beyond the original size of the image. {|class="wikitable"

! Format !! Reduced !! Enlarged{{Help:Images/size|frame=}}{{Help:Images/size|frame=border}}{{Help:Images/size|frame=frame}}{{Help:Images/size|Embed image<br frame=thumb}}{{Help:Images/> (with alt text)size|frame=frameless}}|} === Horizontal alignment ===Note that when using the <code>frame</code>or <nowikicode>thumb[[Image:Example.jpg|Mountain]nail]</nowikicode> formats, the default horizontal alignment will be <code>right</code>.|[[Image:Example.jpg{|Mountain]]class="wikitable"

!Description!You type!You get{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=|ex='''no horizontal alignment specified''', or default alignment|inline=yes|float=no}}{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=none|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''none'''|inline=no|float=no}}{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=center|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''center'''|inline=no|float=no}}{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=left|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''left'''|inline=no|float=yes}}{{Help:Images/frame|2=100px|frame=right|ex=specify horizontal alignment as: '''right'''|inline=no|float=yes}}|Link }  === Vertical alignment ===The vertical alignment options take effect only if the image '''is''' rendered as an inline element and '''is not''' floating. They alter the way the inlined image will be vertically aligned with the text present in the same block before and/or after this image on the same rendered row. Note that the rendered line of text where inline images are inserted (and the lines of text rendered after the current one) may be moved down (this will increase the line-height conditionally by additional line spacing, just as it may occur with spans of text with variable font sizes, or with superscripts and subscripts) to allow the image height to description pagebe fully displayed with this alignment constraint.<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="mw-collapsible-toggle toccolours" style="float:none;text-align:center">'''{{Blue|Toggle source code view}}'''</div><div class="mw-collapsible-content"><source lang="html4strict" enclose="div"><p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|top]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''text-top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|text-top]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>^super: [[File:Example.jpg|20px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|super]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''baseline:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|baseline]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>_'''sub:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|sub]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''default:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px]][[File:Example.jpg|40px]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''middle:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|middle]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''text-bottom:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|text-bottom]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''bottom:'' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|bottom]]<del>text</del></u></span></p></source></div></div> To show the alignment result more clearly, the text spans are overlined and underlined, the font-size is increased to 200%, and the paragraph block is outlined with a thin border; additionally images of different sizes are aligned: <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|top]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|top]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''text-top:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-top]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|text-top]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>^'''super:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|super]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|super]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <codep style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''baseline:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|baseline]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|baseline]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del><sub>'''sub:'''<nowiki/sub>[[File:ImageExample.jpg|20px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|sub]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|sub]]<del>text</nowikidel></u></codespan><br /p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><codespan style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text<nowiki/del>'''default:''' [[File:ImageExample.jpg|20px]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px]] [[File:Example.jpg|Mountain100px]]<del>text</del></u></span></nowikip> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</codedel>'''middle:''' [[File:Example.jpg|20px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|middle]] [[File:Example.jpg|100px|middle]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text</del>'''text-bottom:''' [[File:ImageExample.jpg|20px|text-bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|text-bottom]][[File:Example.jpg|100px|text-bottom]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> <p style="border:1px solid #AAA;padding:0;font-size:150%;line-height:2"><span style="background:#FFF;color:#000;text-decoration:overline"><u><del>text<br /del>'''bottom:''' [[File:ImageExample.jpg|20px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|40px|bottom]] [[File:Example.jpg|Mountain100px|bottom]]<del>text</del></u></span></p> Notes:# The "middle" vertical alignment position of the image (which is also the default) usually refers to the middle between the x-height and the baseline of the text (on which the vertical middle of the image will be aligned, and on which usually the text may be overstroke), but not to the middle of the line-height of the font-height that refers to the space between the "text-top" and "text-bottom" positions ; the font-height excludes:#* the additional line separation spacing normally divided equally into two line-margins (here 0.5em, according to line-height set to 200%) above and below the font-height).#* the additional line spacing which may be added by superscripts and subscripts.# However, if the image height causes its top or bottom position to go above or below the normal full line-height of text, the middle position will be adjusted after the increasing the top and/or bottom line-margins so that the image can fit and align properly, and all images (including those with smaller heights) will be vertically centered on the adjusted middle position (for computing the effective line-height, the text of each rendered row with the larger font-height will be considered).# The "text-top" and "text-bottom" alignment positions also excludes the extra line spacing added by superscripts and subscripts, but not the additional line-spacing defined by the line-height.# The "top" and "bottom" alignment positions take into account all these extra line spacings (including superscripts and subscripts, if they are present in a rendered line span). When the image alignment constrains the image to grow above or below the normal line-spacing, and the image is not absolutely positioned, the image will cause the "top" and "bottom" positions to be adjusted (just like superscripts and subscripts), so the effective line-height between rendered lines of text will be higher.# The "underline", "overline" and "overstrike" text-decoration positions should be somewhere within these two limits and ''may'' depend on the type and height of fonts used (the superscript and subscript styles may be taken into account in some browsers, but usually these styles are ignored and the position of these decorations may not be adjusted); so these decorations normally don't affect the vertical position of images, relatively to the text.  === Stopping the text flow ===On occasion it is desirable to stop text (or other inline non-floating images) from flowing around a floating image. Depending on the web browser's screen resolution and such, text flow on the right side of an image may cause a section header (for instance, <nowiki>== My Header ==</nowiki>) to appear to the right of the image, instead of below it, as a user may expect. The text flow can be stopped by placing '''<nowiki><br clear=all></nowiki>''' (or if you prefer, <nowiki><div style="clear: both"></div></nowiki>) before the text that should start below the floating image. (This may also be done without an empty line by wrapping the section with the floating images with <nowiki><div style="overflow: hidden">…</div></nowiki>, which clears all floats inside the <code>div</code> element.) All images rendered as blocks (including non-floating '''center'''ed images, '''left'''- or '''right'''-floating images, as well as '''framed''' or '''thumbnail'''ed floating images) are implicitly breaking the surrounding lines of text (terminating the current block of text before the image, and creating a new paragraph for the text after them). They will then stack vertically along their left or right alignment margin (or along the center line between these margins for '''center'''ed images). === Altering the default link target ===The following table shows how to alter the link target (whose default is the image description page) or how to remove it. Changing the link does not alter the format described in the previous sections. {|class="wikitable plainlinks"

|Link directly to file!Description!You type|!You get<code><nowiki>[[Media{{Help:Example.jpg]]</nowiki><Images/code><br /><code><nowiki>[[Media:Example.jpgframe|Mountain]]</nowiki></code>2=link=Main Page|ex=internal link}}[[Media{{Help:Example.jpg]]<br Images/>[[Mediaframe|2=link=http:Example.jpg|Mountain]]|-|Thumbnail<br /> (centered, 100 pixels<br /> wide, with caption)|<code><nowiki>[[Image:Examplewikipedia.jpg|center|thumb|100px|Mountain]]<org/nowiki><wiki/code>Test|ex=external link}}[[Image{{Help:Example.jpgImages/frame|center2=link=|thumb|100px|Mountain]]ex=no link (external or file page)}}

==Uploaded files=='''Warning:'''To use an image or other file which has been [[Help:Managing files|uploaded The licencing requirements on your wiki may not allow you to remove all links to the wiki]]description page that displays the required authors attributions, the copyrights statements, the applicable licencing terms, use:*<code><nowiki>[[Image:Example.jpg]]</nowiki></code>If you add or a pipe more complete description of the rendered image (|including its history of modifications) and some text after the filename, the text will be used as alternative text for text-only browsers:.*<code><nowiki>[[Image:Example.jpg|alternative text]]</nowiki></code> If you don't want to display change or remove the target link of an image, you can will then have to provide somewhere else on your page an explicit link to the file's this description page, by adding a colon:*<code><nowiki>[[:Image:Example.jpg]]</nowiki></code>To bypass or to display the description page copyright and author statement and a link directly to a file the applicable licence, use if they are different from the elements applicable to the "Media" pseudo-namespace: *<code><nowiki>[[Media:Exampleembedding page itself.jpg]]</nowiki></code>You can also make piped links if you want some other text to be used:*<code><nowiki>[[:Image:Example.jpg|Your wiki policy may restrict the use of the alternate link parameter, or may even enforce a prohibition of alternate link parameters for embedded media files (in which case, the link text]]</nowiki></code>*<code><nowiki>[[Media:Exampleparameter will be ignored), or may only accept them after validation by authorized users or administrators.jpg|link text]]</nowiki></code>

===Advanced options=Rendering a gallery of images ==The full syntax for displaying an image is: <code><nowiki>[[Image:{name}|{options}]]</nowiki></code>Where options can be zero or more of the following, separated by pipes:*<code>thumb</code>, <code>thumbnail</code>, or <code>frame</code>: Controls how the image is formatted*<code>left</code>, <code>right</code>, <code>center</code>, <code>none</code>: Controls the alignment of the image on the page*<code>{width}px</code>: Resizes the image to the given width in pixels*<code>{caption text}</code>The options can be given in any order. If a given option does not match any of the other possibilities, it is assumed to be the caption text. Caption text can contain wiki links or other formatting.

===Gallery of imagessyntax ===

<nowiki><gallery></nowiki>ImageFile:{filename}file_name.ext|{caption}|alt=alt languageImageFile:{filename}file_name.ext|{caption}|alt=alt language

for Note that the image code is not enclosed in brackets when enclosed in gallery tags.  Captions are optional, and may contain wiki links or other formatting. Some of the parameters controlling thumb output can also be used here, specifically the ones that modify the file (as opposed to ones that control where in the page the image falls). For example, with multi-paged media like pdfs, you can use code like <code>page=4</code>. The <code>File:</code> prefix can be omitted. For example:

<nowiki><gallery></nowiki>ImageFile:Example.jpg|Item 1ImageFile:Example.jpg|a link to <nowiki>[[Help:Contents]]</nowiki>ImageFile:Example.jpgImageFile:Example.jpg|alt=An example image. It has flowersImageFile:Example.jpg|<nowiki>''italic caption''</nowiki>File:Example.jpg|on page "<nowiki>{{PAGENAME}}</nowiki>"

ImageFile:Example.jpg|Item 1ImageFile:Example.jpg|a link to [[Help:Contents]]ImageFile:Example.jpgImageFile:Example.jpg|alt=An example image. It has flowersImageFile:Example.jpg|''italic caption''File:Example.jpg|on page "{{PAGENAME}}"

==Other files= Optional gallery attributes ===You can link to an external file using the same syntax used for [[Help:Links#External links|linking to an external web page]]. *<code><nowiki>[http://url.for/some/image.png]</nowiki></code>Or with different text:*<code><nowiki>[httpThe gallery tag itself takes several additional parameters, specified as attribute name-value pairs://url.for/some/image.png link text here]</nowiki></code>

If it is enabled on your wiki (see [[Manual:$wgAllowExternalImages]]), you can also embed external images. To do that, simply insert the image's url:*<codepre><nowikigallery {parameters}>http://url.for/some/image.png{images}</nowikigallery></codepre>

* <code>caption="{caption}"</code>: (caption text between double quotes for more than a word) sets a caption centered atop the gallery.* <code>widths= Administration {width}px</code>: sets the widths of the images, default 120px. ''Note the plural, width'''s'''''.* <code>heights={heights}px</code>: sets the (max) heights of the images.* <code>perrow={integer}</files code>: sets the number of images per row. 0 means automatically adjust based on width of screen.* <code>showfilename={anything}</code>: Show the filenames of the images in the individual captions for each image (1.17+).* <code>mode={traditional|nolines|packed|packed-hover|packed-overlay}</code>: See section above (1.22+).

See hereNOTE: [[ManualThe widths and heights parameters are taken more as suggestions than strict values for packed (and related) modes. Packed modes will adjust the width of images in order to make each row the same length. Example:Image Administration]] Coding:<pre><gallery widths=60px heights=60px perrow=7 caption="Mountains are groovy">File:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpg</gallery></pre> Result:<gallery widths=60px heights=60px perrow=7 caption="Mountains are groovy">File:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpgFile:Example.jpg</gallery>

==External LinksRelated articles==*[http://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Images_and_other_uploaded_files MetaWiki[Upload images|Help:Images and other uploaded filesUploading images]].

[[Category:Help|Images]]