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The '''[[File: South Indian Railway 1909.png|thumb| South Indian Railway''' (SIR) was the new name applied in 1874 to the merged undetakings of the 1909]][[Carnatic File: South Indian Railway1931.png|thumb| South Indian Railway 1931]] and the [[Great Southern of File:South India RailwaySystem 1937 Map.png|thumb| South Indian Railway System 1937]]. '''South Indian Railway'''
In 1872==SIR Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon Workshops==*1860, the Carnatic Railway merged with [[Negapatam]] workshops established by the [[Great Southern of India Railway]]and taken over by SIR in 1872. In 1874*1928, the merged companies were renamed the [[SIR Central Workshops, Golden Rock, Trichinopoly]] capable of handling both BG and MG stock <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway1859-1951", pages 105 </ref>. [[SIR Railway Workshops|'''See also SIR 'Railway Workshops' ''']]. During the 1870s the existing broad gauge lines were converted to metre gauge.
Ownership of ==SIR Schools==*1928, Golden Rock, [[Trichinopoly]], two schools were established, the SIR 'European and Anglo-Indian School' with 28 pupils and other lines passed to the Government 'Indian Primary School' with 400 pupils <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of India (GoI) on 31 December 1890 the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 15-19 </ref>. *1931, [[Trichinopoly]] 'Railway Training School' established for training of Traffic Department Signallers for European and a new company was formed to work native Indians <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the system so created under contract. The contract was extended in 1909South Indian Railway 1859-1951", page 141 </ref>.
This contract ==SIR Hospitals==Initially two hospitals operated at [[Negapatam]] and [[Trichinopoly]] and in the early 1900's Dispensaries set up in several locations. In 1928 a full Railway Hospital was determined on 1 April 1944 and established at Golden Rock, [[Trichinopoly]] <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the GoI assumed direct controlSouth Indian Railway 1859-1951", page 117 </ref>.
In 1951, the ==SIR became a constituent part of '''Southern Railway''', a zone of Indian Railways.Rail Network==
The following are held in An on-line search of the IOR records relating to this railway<ref>[[India Office Records]] at the [[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=IAMS_VU2 British Library“British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue” - Search]]; Retrieved 22 Jan 2016</ref> gives many references. The most important being:-*'''L/AG/46/13''' "Records of the Great Southern of India Railway Company, 1859-74"*'''L/AG/46/38''' "Records of the India Office relating to the South Indian Railway Company, 1884-1914" *'''L/AG/46/18''' "Records of the South Indian Railway Company, 1891-1940"*'''L/F/7/12594-42606''' "Collection 400: South Indian Railway, dates unspecified"*'''L/F/7/2595''' “Collection 400/2: South Indian Railway: contracts Terms for incorporation of employmentcertain District Board Lines in Company's undertaking, 18911925-1940 (index not complete).37"
no edit summary
|image=
|caption=
|route= [[Jalarpet]] to [[Mangalore]]
|gauge1= Metre gauge
|gauge1details= 1123 miles (1905)
|timeline2date= 1874
|timeline2details= Renamed [[South Indian Railway]]
|timeline3date=1908|timeline3details= [[Jalarpet]] to [[Mangalore]] transferred from [[Madras Railway]]. [[Katpadi]] section transferred to [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]].
|timeline4date=
|timeline4details=
|stations= [[Trichinopoly]]
|system1adte= 1891
|system1details= Worked by [[South Indian Railway Company]]Own agency
|system2adte=
|system2details=
|company12details=
|headquarters= [[Trichinopoly]]
|workshop= [[SIR Central Workshops, Golden Rock, Trichinopoly|Golden Rock, Trichinopoly]] <br> [[Negapatam]]<br> ''see also'' [[SIR Railway Workshops]]
|stations=
|system1date=
}}
The '''South Indian Railway''' (SIR) was the new name applied in 1874 to the merged undertakings of the [[Carnatic Railway]] and the [[Great Southern of India Railway]] (GCSR)and initially administered from [[Negapatam]]; and after 1865 from the ‘General Office Building’ at [[Trichinopoly]] <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 3 and 8</ref>.
== History ==
On 1st July 1874 the [[Great Southern of India Railway]] Company (GSIR) and the [[Carnatic Railway]], were amalgamated under the title of the '''South Indian Railway'''.
At the time of amalgamation the GSIR had constructed a broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) line from [[Negapatam]] to [[Trichinopoly]] and on to [[Erode]] where it connected to the [[Madras Railway]] and the [[Carnatic Railway]] had constructed a metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) line from [[Arkonam]] Junction to [[Conjeeveram]] <ref> [https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/228649/8330.pdf H.M. Government “Statute Law Repeals: Nineteenth Report : Draft Statute Law (Repeals) Bill; April 2012"; page 136, pdf page 143, paragraphs 3.87] Retrieved on 20 Jun 2016</ref>.
From 1875 the originally constructed BG lines were converted to MG in order to have a seamless flow of traffic , since all the other lines around [[Trichinopoly]] were MG. The [[Negapatam]] to [[Trichinopoly]] section converted in 1875 and to [[Erode]] by the end of 1879 <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", page 13 </ref>.
The construction of the [[Pondicherry Railway]] in French territory by the SIR commenced in 1878 simultaneously with a SIR branch, so when opened in 1879 connected [[Pondicherry]] to the SIR mainline at [[Villupuram]]. The line was maintained and worked by the SIR under the management of the SIR Agent which had remained at the original [[Negapatam]]. The joint Agent finally moved to [[Trichinopoly]] in 1880 <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 15-19 </ref>.
Ownership of the SIR and other lines passed to the Government of India([[Government of India |GoI]]) on 31 December 1890 and a new company, ‘ The South Indian Railway Company Limited’ was formed to work the system so created under contract; this contract was extended in 1909.
<ref name=Admin>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n136/mode/1up “Administration Report on Railways 1918” pages 136-152(pdf145-161)]; Retrieved 4 Feb 2018</ref>
The year previously (1 Jan 1908), the [[Jalarpet]] to [[Mangalore]] broad gauge section had been transferred to the SIR from the [[Madras Railway]]. In turn, the Metre gauge [[Katpadi]] section was relinquished and became part of the newly formed [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]].
On 1 April 1944, the [[Government of India |GoI]] took over direct control of the SIR.
In 1951, the SIR became a constituent part of '''[[Southern Railway]]''', a zone of [[Indian Railways]].
== FIBIS Resources ==
*The South Indian Railway, as seen from Space. with 100-year-old photos from the British Raj - Lecture by Mike Muirhead (October 2016) available in lecture section of FIBIS Member's area.
===Railways amalgamated to form SIR===
'''First Amalgamation 1872'''
*[[Great Southern of India Railway]](GSIR), broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]), opened 1861. Merged with [[Carnatic Railway|Carnatic Railway Company]] to form SIR, 1872; and subsequently converted to metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) as part of the SIR '[[Madras-Tuticorin Mainline]]' MG Network.
*[[Carnatic Railway]]. Took over [[Indian Tramway Co.]], 1870; merged with the [[Great Southern of India Railway]] to form SIR, 1872.
**[[Indian Tramway Co.]], opened 1865. Formerly [[Arakkonam-Conjeevaram Tramway]] which failed in 1870 and taken over by [[Carnatic Railway]].
'''Second Amalgamation 1908'''
*[[Madras Railway]](MR) was a broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) network that was constructed, owned and worked by MR up to 31 Dec 1907. On 1 Jan 1908 the 'Southern Section' was transferred to SIR. This Section from [[Jalarpet]] had opened 1860-61; extended to [[Calicut]], 1888 and finally to [[Mangalore]], 1907. Line length 417 miles(671km). Upon amalgamation this became the SIR '[[Jalarpet-Mangalore Mainline]]'.
**[[Mettupalaiyam Branch Line]]. Constructed, owned and worked by MR up to 31 Dec 1907, then transferred to SIR. Podanor Junction to Coimbatore and Mettupalaiyam. Opened 1873, 26 miles(41km) )
**[[Palghat Branch Line]]. Palakkad Junction(Olavakode) to [[Palghat]]. Constructed, owned and worked by MR up to 31 Dec 1907, then transferred to SIR. Opened 1888, 2.5 miles(4km)
*At this time the metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) lines north of [[Katpadi]] were relinquished and became part of the newly formed '[[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]]'. The SIR only retained the [[Villupuram-Katpadi Railway Section]]
*These amalgamations the SIR network was classified as the 'Metre Gauge' and the 'Broad Gauge' Divisions
[[South Indian Railway - Lines Owned and Worked|<big>'''South Indian Railway - Lines Owned and Worked'''</big> gives for full information and details.]]
== Records ==
Refer to FIBIS Fact File #4: “Research sources for Indian Railways, 1845-1947” - available from the [http://www.fibis.org/store/fibis-books-and-publications/bff-0004-research-sources-for-indian-railways-1845-1947/ Fibis shop]. This Fact File contains invaluable advice on 'Researching ancestors in the UK records of Indian Railways' with particular reference to the [[India Office Records]] (IOR) held at the [[British Library]]
==Personnel==
'''India Office Records'''. The following are held in the [[India Office Records|IOR]] at the [[British Library]]:
*'''L/AG/46/18/1-4''' "Contracts of Employment, 1891-1940" (index not complete).
The above is indexed in:
*'''Z/L/AG/46''' "Index to UK Appointments to Indian Railways, 1849-1925"
[[South Indian Railway Personnel|''' See also South Indian Railway Personnel''' for details of notable SIR staff from many different sources.]]
*These have been listed by SIR Department and in Chronological order.
*The entries link to the [[:Category:Railway People|Notable Railway People]] pages.
== External links==*[http://www.archive.org/stream/salemgazet02richuoft#page/24/mode/2up Sections on Salem - Vriddhachalam Railway and Salem - Mettar Railway] from Madras District Gazetteer of Salem (pub 1932) Archive.org===Historical books online===*[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_irg2AAAAMAAJ/page/n3 ''Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway, including the Mayavaram-Mutupet, and Peralam-Karaikkal railway''Z] 1900 Archive.org*[https://archive.org/details/dli.venugopal.433/page/Ln3/AGmode/462up ''Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway including the Tanjore District Board, Pondicherry, Travancore State, Peralam-Karaikkal and the Cochin State Railways'' ] 1913 Archive.org, K.K. Venugopal Collection.*[https: Index to UK Appointments to //archive.org/details/illustratedguide00unse/page/n7 ''Illustrated Guide To The South Indian Railway including the Tanjore District Board, Pondicherry, Peralam-Karaikkal, Travancore State, Cochin State, Coimbatore District Board, Tinnevelly-Tiruchendur and the Nilgiri Railways''] by South Indian Railway Co. Ltd. Reprint of 1926 edition. Archive.org, 1849-1925Historical Resources of India Collection.
== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category:State Railways]]
