Mailing lists: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 01:59, 4 November 2024

Genealogy

Discontinued Rootsweb Mailing Lists

Beginning March 2nd, 2020 all Rootsweb Mailing Lists have been discontinued. Mailing list archives will remain available and searchable.

Update noted 27 September 2020. There have been changes to the Mailing List Archives. It is no longer possible to directly browse the Archives, but searching is still possible. The website URL has changed. A typical URL for a post has changed from https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/india.rootsweb.com/thread/15659804/ to https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/emails?listname=india&thread=15659804 , or india-british-raj , as applicable. (Note, no final /)

Update noted October 2020. At times the Search quality has been noted to be very poor, but it does appear to vary. If you are unsuccessful, try at another time or day.

Further update at 22 June 2024. It appears the Mailing List Archives have in turn been archived as at November 1, 2023 and they are Searchable as follows. There is a note on the webpages (at 15 September 2024) saying "Archived since: Feb, 2023". Note Sample Search terms indicates much data is missing, perhaps there may be more access in the future?
https://rootsweb.com/ Rootsweb website with links to a page https://archive-it.org/collections/20669 with further links to a page https://archive-it.org/collections/20669?sort=f_sort_title.asc&show=ArchivedPages Search page Text. For any results perhaps you may see the wording "More Results from mlarchives.rootsweb.com", if so, click on this.
In addition you can browse/scroll the Archived Lists as follows
Access all the Mailing Lists https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231101212331/https://mailinglists.rootsweb.com/listindexes
Access the four India Lists https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231101223957/https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/overview?findlist=India including
The India List https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231102071830/https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/emails?listname=india and
The British Raj List https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231102071855/https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/emails?listname=india-british-raj

Rootsweb INDIA

The most popular list for those researching family history in India was the India List, commenced in 1997 and most recently hosted by Rootsweb, part of Ancestry.
There was a vast amount of information stored in the archives, but with many changes over the years, and the introduction of the last website, some information may have not been transferred.

Rootsweb INDIA-BRITISH-RAJ

According to its website the India- British- Raj List was:
A mailing list for anyone with a genealogical interest in the period of British rule of most of the Indian subcontinent (present-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Myanmar (Burma)) which lasted from 1858, when the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown, until 1947, when the independence of British India was granted and Pakistan was formed.

New Email Group/List

The Rootsweb India- British- Raj List has migrated to a new platform at groups.io and is now called India British Raj History which states
"This group is for anyone who is interested in all things belonging to the period of time known as that of The British Raj. In addition to studying and enjoying the cultural aspects of that period of time (roughly from 1600 to 1950 A.D.), we will also help those interested in the tracing of British and European Ancestors in British India"

Other Mailing Lists

Rootsweb, now discontinued

There were Rootsweb mailing lists which included the following. To Search, see above, using the link https://archive-it.org/collections/20669?sort=f_sort_title.asc&show=ArchivedPages

Africa
- Africa
- Kenya
- Tanzania
Asia
- Sri Lanka/Ceylon
- Straits Settlements
  - Malaysia
  - Singapore
- Indonesia

There are also Ancestry Message Boards for these countries, see Message Boards: Asia

Other

The St Helena Institute's 'Forum for Family History', a Mailing List/Message Board for anyone interested in St Helena family history and genealogy (including Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha).

Message Boards

Rootsweb India Message Board, part of Ancestry. The Message Board has the advantage that you can include an attachment, such as a photograph.
Genforum is the website presented by Genealogy.com. Messages can be left on specific surname boards in addition to the India Genealogy Forum –or that of any other country. There are also general interest boards. All these message boards (or forums as they are called) can be browsed or searched by entering a specific word search. In addition to hosting message boards the site contains topics of general genealogical interest.
FIBIS Members can post queries on the forum message board in the FIBIS Social Network. A particularly useful feature is the facility to upload attachments - perhaps a photograph for help in identifying a uniform or place or a section of an historic document where the old handwriting cannot be deciphered easily.
Rootschat.com "Other Countries" includes India
British-Genealogy.com, sometimes called "Brit-Gen" has forums on various topics.
Following the June 2020 closure of the Who Do You Think You Are? Magazine Forum, a new forum has been established by previous WDYTYR? Forum members Who When Where Genealogy Forum

Facebook Groups

Details of British India Family History Facebook Group, a linked FIBIS Facebook group. However, anyone can join, you do not have to be a FIBIS member, but it is a closed group so an administrator will need to approve your request to join. Direct link : Facebook group, British India Family History
There are FamilySearch linked Facebooks pages for various Genealogy Groups. For details, see the FamilySearch Wiki page FamilySearch Genealogy Research Groups. It appears that these are closed Facebooks groups. Some of the Facebook groups are associated with FamilySearch Community Groups. To register with the FamilySearch Community Groups, you need to be signed in to both FamilySearch (initial registration required) and a separate section of FamilySearch, FamilySearch Community (separate initial registration required, which requires agreement to certain conditions). Details of FamilySearch Community however do not appear to be available until after you have registered, however see the following video provided by FamilySearch. Whether you can join the Facebook groups more directly is not known.
East India Company & Raj Research Group 1600-1919 A Private Facebook Group based in Mumbai, Maharashtra covering "Military, civil and domestic life in India and other provinces during the era of the East India Company and British Raj from 1600 up to the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919".

Military

The following websites are, or have, military message boards. Most websites do not require registration to read posts, but all appear to require registration to post a query, or reply to a post.

Rootsweb British Army Message Board. Rootsweb is part of Ancestry. There are also other Message Boards under the category Military.
Rootschat.com
Great War Forum is a message board for the First World War.
WW2Talk Forum
World War II Forum, an American site
British Medals Forum. Its website says "The objective of the British Medal Forum is to develop and further the interest, research and collecting of British and Commonwealth medals; researching their recipients; and assisting each other with specialist issues such as research, naming styles, clasp combinations, etc". It is necessary to register.
Gentleman’s Military Interest Club (GMIC)

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ==Genealogy==
-===Rootsweb INDIA===
+===Discontinued Rootsweb Mailing Lists===
-The most popular list for those researching family history in India is the '''INDIA List''' hosted by [http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/index.html Rootsweb].   You can exchange ideas, suggestions, queries, questions and family details with a group of people (from beginner to expert) who are interested in the same subject. The List currently has over 700 members.
+'''Beginning March 2nd, 2020 all Rootsweb Mailing Lists have been discontinued. Mailing list archives will remain available and searchable'''.
-Before submitting queries to the List, it is recommended to first [http://archiver.rootsweb.com/cgi-bin/search?aop '''search the INDIA List archives'''] to see if your question has been asked before.  You may also use this search page to search for surnames that may have been mentioned before.  As you may appreciate, asking the same beginner questions to the list can become tiresome for the regulars on the List.  It is also recommended to 'lurk' in the background if you are new to mailing lists (or even the INDIA List) and get a 'feel' for the format of questions and 'list etiquette'.
+'''Update noted 27 September 2020'''. There have been changes to the Mailing List Archives. It is no longer possible to directly browse the Archives, but searching is still possible. The website URL has changed. A typical URL for a post has changed from <nowiki>https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/india.rootsweb.com/thread/15659804/</nowiki> to
+<nowiki>https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/emails?listname=india&thread=15659804</nowiki> , or india-british-raj , as applicable. ('''Note''', no final /)
-To join the List, simply send an email to [mailto:INDIA-L-request@rootsweb.com INDIA-L-request@rootsweb.com] with the word subscribe in the subject line and body.  Please do not include anything else (even a signature).  You may unsubscribe at anytime.  More details are found on the [http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/intl/IND/INDIA.html INDIA List page]. If you subscribe to the India List, you receive emails individually at different times during the day. If you subscribe to the Digest, the emails are batched together and come at less frequent intervals, as detailed in this India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2000-12/0976601039 post]. If you unsubscribe for a period, perhaps while you are on holidays, you can [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/INDIA/ '''browse the INDIA List  archives'''] for any dates you have missed.
+'''Update noted October 2020. At times the Search quality has been noted to be very poor, but it does appear to vary. If you are unsuccessful, try at another time or day.'''
-Once you have become a subscriber to the List, you may send queries or information to the List. The procedure is as for any email. The email address is [mailto:india@rootsweb.com india@rootsweb.com].  Include a relevant heading and as much information as you can and the source of that information, as requested in this India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2010-09/1284593867 post].  Many readers prefer that family names be typed in capital letters as this emphasises the name. However this India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2000-06/0961543513  June 2000 post] from the List administrator advises this is a matter of preference. Please note there is no provision to send emails to the List with attachments. You can advise in your email that you have an attachment which you can send to interested members of the List, privately off list. However, you can place attachments on the Message Board, refer below.
+'''Further update at 22 June 2024'''.  It appears the Mailing List Archives have in turn been archived as at November 1, 2023  and they are Searchable as follows. There is a note on the webpages (at 15 September 2024) saying "Archived since: Feb, 2023". Note Sample Search terms indicates much data is missing, perhaps there may be more access in the future? <br>https://rootsweb.com/ Rootsweb website with links to a page https://archive-it.org/collections/20669 with further links to a page https://archive-it.org/collections/20669?sort=f_sort_title.asc&show=ArchivedPages Search page Text. For any results perhaps you may see the wording "More Results from mlarchives.rootsweb.com", if so, click on this.
+<br> In addition you can browse/scroll the Archived Lists as follows
+<br>'''Access all the Mailing Lists''' https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231101212331/https://mailinglists.rootsweb.com/listindexes
+<br> Access the four India Lists https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231101223957/https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/overview?findlist=India including
+<br>The '''India List''' https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231102071830/https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/emails?listname=india and
+<br>The '''British Raj List''' https://wayback.archive-it.org/org-2576/20231102071855/https://mlarchives.rootsweb.com/listindexes/emails?listname=india-british-raj
+====Rootsweb INDIA====
+The most popular list for those researching family history in India was the   India List, commenced in 1997 and most recently hosted by  Rootsweb, part of Ancestry.
+<br> There was a vast amount of information stored in the archives, but with  many changes over the years, and the introduction of the last website, some information may have not been transferred.
-When you receive emails from the List, sometimes long URLs in the posts do not appear correctly and it is not possible to access the relevant website with just a click.  It is necessary to copy, adjust and paste the link in terms of this India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2009-05/1241351445 question] and [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2009-05/1241385538 response]. If you are sending an email to the list, you can turn a long URL into a shorter one by using the website [http://tinyurl.com tinyURL.com]
+====Rootsweb INDIA-BRITISH-RAJ====
+According to its website the India- British- Raj List was:
+<br>A mailing list for anyone with a genealogical interest in the period of British rule of most of the Indian subcontinent (present-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Myanmar (Burma)) which lasted from 1858, when the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown, until 1947, when the independence of British India was granted and Pakistan was formed.
-Some India List emails may use text message abbreviations or acronyms, some of  which are detailed in this [http://searchcrm.techtarget.com/definition/Twitter-chat-and-text-messaging-abbreviations link] or this [http://www.internetslang.com/list.asp?i=all more extensive list]
+===New Email Group/List===
+The Rootsweb India- British- Raj List has migrated to a new platform at groups.io and is now called [https://groups.io/g/india-british-raj India British Raj History] which states
+<br>"This group is for anyone who is interested in all things belonging to the period of time known as that of The British Raj. In addition to studying and enjoying the cultural aspects of that period of time (roughly from 1600 to 1950 A.D.), we will also help those interested in the tracing of British and European Ancestors in British India"
-Sometimes a message appears on the India List which says: This is a Message Board Post that is gatewayed to this mailing list... The author of this message may not be subscribed to this list. If you would like to reply to them, please click on the Message Board URL link above and respond on the board. This India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2010-12/1291695361 post] discusses the procedure of writing a reply on the Message Board.
+===Other Mailing Lists===
+====Rootsweb, now discontinued====
+There were Rootsweb mailing lists which included  the following. To Search, see above, using the link https://archive-it.org/collections/20669?sort=f_sort_title.asc&show=ArchivedPages
+*Africa
+**Africa
+**Kenya
+**Tanzania
+*Asia
+**Sri Lanka/Ceylon
+**Straits Settlements
+*** Malaysia
+*** Singapore
+**Indonesia
-Some researchers have had problems when sending a reply to a previous India List email, as the administrator has rejected their response due to formatting problems. Perhaps the rejection letter has said that headers and footers from the original email should not be included in the reply. Note also that you must be a subscriber to the List to send either a reply or a new email. If you receive an email from the India List which you wish to reply to, this  procedure is currently acceptable (June 2011):
+There are also Ancestry Message Boards for these countries, see  [https://www.ancestry.com/boards/localities.asia/mb.ashx  Message Boards: Asia]
-First of all click on reply. This will give you the address to reply to (which is just the normal India List email address)
-It will also give you the subject heading, which will be the same subject heading as on the original India List email. '''At the end of each email received from the India List there will be some general information under the heading “===== India Mailing List =====”'''. This wording is the "footers" referred to above. '''All this information, including this heading, must be deleted before you send your response to the India List. If you do not delete as specified, the administrator is likely to reject your email'''. Type your response above the previous email, or the most relevant parts of the previous email.  Or you may choose to delete the previous email wording entirely. There have been differing views about acceptable formats over time.
-===Rootsweb INDIA-BRITISH-RAJ===
-According to its website it is:
-A mailing list for anyone with a genealogical interest in the period of British rule of most of the Indian subcontinent (present-day India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka (Ceylon) and Myanmar (Burma)) which lasted from 1858, when the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown, until 1947, when the independence of British India was granted and Pakistan was formed.
-Many people subscribe to both the India List and the India-British-Raj List. In practice, most genealogical queries are sent to the India List, while the India-British Raj List tends to be more concerned with social and general topics.
-[http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/intl/IND/INDIA-BRITISH-RAJ.html Subscribe] to the India- British- Raj List or Digest, on a similar basis to the India List above.
-[http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/search?path=INDIA-BRITISH-RAJ Search] the Archives
-[http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/INDIA-BRITISH-RAJ Browse] the Archives
-===Other Mailing Lists===
-====Rootsweb====
-[http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/index.html All Rootsweb Mailing Lists]. This website gives the following mailing lists, all of which seem fairly small
-*Ceylon-Rootsweb Sri Lanka Mailing List. [http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/intl/LKA/SRILANKA.html Join the Sri Lanka List] [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/search?path=SRILANKA Search the Sri Lanka List Archives] [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/SRILANKA/ Browse the  Sri Lanka List Archives]
-*Straits Settlements
-**Malaysia- Rootsweb Malaysia Mailing List. [http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/intl/MYS/ Join the Malaysia List]  [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/search?path=MALAYSIA Search the Malaysia List Archives] [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/MALAYSIA Browse the Malaysia List Archives]
-**Singapore- Rootsweb Singapore Mailing List. [http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/intl/SGP/SINGAPORE.html Join the Singapore List] [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/search?path=SINGAPORE Search the Singapore List Archives] [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/SINGAPORE/ Browse the Singapore List Archives]
-*Indonesia- Rootsweb Indonesia Mailing List. [http://lists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/index/intl/IDN/INDONESIA.html Join the Indonesia List] [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/search?path=INDONESIA Search the Indonesia List Archives] [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/index/INDONESIA Browse the Indonesia List Archives]
 ====Other====
 The [http://groups.yahoo.com/group/st-helena-genealogy St Helena Institute's 'Forum for Family History'], a  Mailing List/Message Board  for anyone interested in St Helena family history and genealogy (including Ascension Island and Tristan da Cunha).
 ===Message Boards===
-*The posts on the [http://boards.ancestry.com.au/localities.asia.india.general/mb.ashx Rootsweb India Message Board] are gatewayed (reposted) to the India List so you only need to post once. Note that many people prefer to reply to the India List, rather than to the Message Board, (as you don't need a password for the former), so you are likely to get more immediate responses if you post your query on the India List. However, the Message Board has the advantage that you can include an attachment, such as a photograph. For other countries, refer [http://boards.ancestry.com All Rootsweb Message Boards]
+*[https://www.ancestry.com/boards/localities.asia.india.general/mb.ashx  Rootsweb India Message Board], part of Ancestry.  The Message Board has the advantage that you can include an attachment, such as a photograph.
-*[http://genforum.genealogy.com/ Genforum] is the website presented by Genealogy.com. Messages can be left  on specific  surname boards in addition to the [http://genforum.genealogy.com/india/ India Genealogy Forum] –or that of any other country.  There are also general interest boards. All these message boards (or forums as they are called) can be browsed or searched by entering a specific word search. In addition to hosting message boards the site contains topics of general genealogical interest.
+*[http://genforum.genealogy.com/ Genforum] is the website presented by Genealogy.com. Messages can be left on specific surname boards in addition to the India Genealogy Forum –or that of any other country.  There are also general interest boards. All these message boards (or forums as they are called) can be browsed or searched by entering a specific word search. In addition to hosting message boards the site contains topics of general genealogical interest.
-*[http://www.new.fibis.org/membership FIBIS Members] can post queries on the forum message board in the [http://www.members-area.fibis.org/ FIBIS Social Network]. A particularly useful feature is the facility to upload attachments - perhaps a photograph for help in identifying a uniform or place or a section of an historic document where the old handwriting cannot be deciphered easily.
+*[http://www.fibis.org/membership FIBIS Members] can post queries on the forum message board in the [http://www.members-area.fibis.org/ FIBIS Social Network]. A particularly useful feature is the facility to upload attachments - perhaps a photograph for help in identifying a uniform or place or a section of an historic document where the old handwriting cannot be deciphered easily.
-*[http://www.british-genealogy.com/forums/forum.php  British-Genealogy.com], sometimes called "Brit-Gen" has forums on various topics.
+*[http://www.rootschat.com/ Rootschat.com] "Other Countries" includes India
-*[http://www.bbcwhodoyouthinkyouaremagazine.com/forum Who Do You Think You Are? Magazine] has  forums on  general topics, mainly UK related.
+*[http://www.british-genealogy.com/ British-Genealogy.com], sometimes called "Brit-Gen" has forums on various topics.
+*Following the June 2020 closure of the Who Do You Think You Are? Magazine Forum,  a new forum has been established by previous WDYTYR? Forum members [https://www.whowhenwheregenealogy.org.uk/index.php Who When Where Genealogy Forum]
+===Facebook Groups===
+*Details of [https://www.fibis.org/british-india-family-history-facebook-group/ British India Family History Facebook Group], a linked FIBIS Facebook group. However, anyone can join, you do not have to be a FIBIS member, but it is a closed group so an administrator will need to approve your request to join. [https://www.facebook.com/groups/1724297227862786/  Direct link : Facebook group, British India Family History]
+*There are [[FamilySearch]] linked Facebooks pages for various Genealogy Groups. For details, see the FamilySearch Wiki page [https://www.familysearch.org/wiki/en/FamilySearch_Genealogy_Research_Groups FamilySearch Genealogy Research Groups]. It appears that these are closed Facebooks groups.  Some of the Facebook groups are associated with FamilySearch Community Groups. To register with the FamilySearch Community Groups,    you need to be signed in to both FamilySearch (initial registration required) and a separate section of FamilySearch, FamilySearch Community (separate initial registration required, which requires agreement to certain conditions). Details of FamilySearch Community however do not appear to be available until after you have registered, however see the following [https://www.familysearch.org/ask/learningViewer/2106  video] provided by FamilySearch. Whether you can join the Facebook groups more directly is not known.
+*[https://www.facebook.com/groups/737383223080952/ East India Company & Raj Research Group 1600-1919] A Private Facebook Group based in Mumbai, Maharashtra covering "Military, civil and domestic life in India and other provinces during the era of the East India Company and British Raj from 1600 up to the Third Anglo-Afghan War in 1919".
 ==Military==
-*[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/britregiments Britregiments] is a list for general questions about British Regiments (including those in the Indian Army).  The website says “Questions about a unit's history, movements, heritage, practices and regalia are most welcome and encouraged”.
+The following websites are, or have, military message boards. Most websites do not require registration to read posts, but all appear to require registration to post a query, or reply to a post.
-*[http://boards.ancestry.com/topics.Military.uk.britarmy/mb.ashx Rootsweb British Army Message Board]. There are also Message Boards for other parts of the British military
-*[http://www.british-genealogy.com/forums/forumdisplay.php/444-Military-Army?s=1c81cbddf784783bbe670ea971bf9984 Military-Army Forum, British-Genealogy.com] There are also other forums for other parts of the military.
+*[https://www.ancestry.com/boards/topics.Military.uk.britarmy/mb.ashx Rootsweb British Army Message Board]. Rootsweb is part of Ancestry. There are also other Message Boards under the category Military.
-*[http://www.napoleonicwarsforum.com/ The Napoleonic Wars Forum 1792-1815] is a message board  established May 2011 and has a sub-forum [http://www.napoleonicwarsforum.com/viewforum.php?f=51 Other Related Conflicts 1792-1815] , the description being “For all discussions regarding other related conflicts during the Napoleonic period not covered by the above [i.e. the rest of the site] (e.g. Irish Rebellion of 1798 and India 1799-1804 etc.)”
+*[http://www.rootschat.com/ Rootschat.com]
-*[http://www.victorianwars.com/index.php?sid=bb2c47d9c5fa2d5603022b268eec2eb4 Victorian Wars Forum] is a message board for British Military Campaigns from 1837 to 1902. Many of the posts contain detailed information and/or illustrations or photographs
+*[https://www.greatwarforum.org Great War Forum] is a message board for the First World War.
-*[http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/ Great War Forum] is a message board for the First World War . It has subforums [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/f97-0.html Middle East and North Africa] and [http://1914-1918.invisionzone.com/forums/lofiversion/index.php/f99.html India] where archived threads may be read.
+*[http://ww2talk.com/ WW2Talk  Forum]
-*[http://www.medalcollectors.com/forum/ Medal Collectors.com Forum] is a message board for those interested in military medals.
+*[http://www.ww2f.com/index World War II Forum], an American site
-*[http://gmic.co.uk  Gentleman’s Military Interest  Club]  (GMIC) includes  subforums "Great Britain: Empire: Colonial Including South Africa & India: Awards, Militaria & History"  but the entries about India are limited. Also  "Medals and Militaria: South Asia" for post independence India and Pakistan.
+*[http://www.britishmedalforum.com/ British Medals Forum]. Its website says "The objective of the British Medal Forum is to develop and further the interest, research and collecting of British and Commonwealth medals; researching their recipients; and assisting each other with specialist issues such as research, naming styles, clasp combinations, etc". It is necessary to register.
+*[http://gmic.co.uk  Gentleman’s Military Interest  Club]  (GMIC)
 [[Category:Research methods]]