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Afghan Regiments from Herat with a bitter hatred of the British had recently arrived in Kabul. These were actively hostile to the Resident and his escort but Cavagnari disregarded warnings of trouble. On 3 September some Afghan troops assembled in the Bala Hissar to be paid and, when only part of their due was received, they rioted and marched to the Residency in the belief that they might get satisfaction there. The Residency gates were shut and, having looted the arsenal, the Afghan troops launched an attack which was joined by thousands of citizens. Cavagnari appealed to the Emir but no help was sent. The escort made several sallies against the besiegers but eventually the gates were forced and the garrison retreated to the roof. The building was set on fire and the occupants slaughtered.

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