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[http://aworldapart.ifrance.com/main.html Hymn - Gregorian] [http://alexgaudinofeatshena.ifrance.com/map.html Que Me Quedes Tu - Shakira] [http://unknowntitlefeatambi.iespana.es/main.html Moonlit Shadows - Govi] [http://goodluckcharm.ibelgique.com/map.html Rebellion (The Clans Are Marching) - Grave Digger] [http://finale.yoyohost.com Sting  Shape of my heart - Amanda Lear] [http://locamativebreath.iquebec.com/main.html Let There Be Light & Supernova - Mike Oldfield] [http://mp3songelixir.iespana.es Lullaby Of London - Pogues] [http://newsongcuidadocompay.ezfreehosting.com Silver Bells - Kenny G] [http://locamativebreath.iquebec.com/map.html Let There Be Light & Supernova - Mike Oldfield] [http://spanishfly.ifrance.com/map.html My Mother Told Me - Sacred Spirit] [http://worldwithoutyou.ifrance.com/main.html Audiotrack 07 - Vangelis] [http://movadodisslokalstage.iquebec.com/buenos-aries.html Buenos Aries - Madonna] [http://onlineishouldcare.iquebec.com/im-mad.html I'm Mad - Lil Boosie] [http://locamativebreath.iquebec.com/track-15.html Track 15 - Andrew Lloyd Webber] [http://iamtheone.isuisse.com/twilight.html Twilight - Vangelis] [http://dharmadogzbolohar.iespana.es/i-dont-have-to-crawl.html I Dont Have To Crawl - Emmylou Harris] [http://downloadmusictarikaa.iquebec.com/dream-with-me.html Dream With Me - Stratovarius] [http://downloadmusicpass.ibelgique.com/ne-me-dis-pas.html Ne Me Dis Pas - Richard Anthony] [http://justthebeginning.ifrance.com/it-was-made-in-heaven.html It Was Made In Heaven - Suns Of Arqa] [http://downloadmusictarikaa.iquebec.com/atom-blaster.html Atom Blaster - Vangelis] [http://locamativebreath.iquebec.com/take-me-sailing.html Take Me Sailing - Vangelis and Demis Roussos] [http://spanishfly.ifrance.com/the-creeper.html The Creeper - Ventures] [http://iamtheone.isuisse.com/love-is-in-the-air.html Love Is In The Air - Fausto Papetti] [http://locamativebreath.iquebec.com/journey-to-the-centre-of-the-earth.html Journey To The Centre Of The Earth - Rick Wakeman] [http://goodluckcharm.ibelgique.com/farewell-not-gstq.html Farewell (not GSTQ!) - Queen] [http://goodluckcharm.ibelgique.com/live-with-me.html Live With Me - Massive Attack] [http://dharmadogzbolohar.iespana.es/pig-is-a-pig.html Pig Is A Pig - Corporate Avenger] [http://toccataindminorbuxwv.isuisse.com/map.html Map page] [http://songclipabgeschminkt.ifrance.com/galleon-remix-instrumental-version.html Galleon (Remix Instrumental Version) - Deep Forest] [http://dharmadogzbolohar.iespana.es/one-for-cara.html One for Cara - Shakatak] [http://downloadsongillbehom.ibelgique.com/a-cradle-in-bethlehem.html A Cradle In Bethlehem - Vince Gill] [http://downloadsongillbehom.ibelgique.com/equinox.html Equinox - Enigma] [http://iamtheone.isuisse.com/oh-johnny.html Oh Johnny - Enigma] [http://spanishfly.ifrance.com/right-here-in-my-arms.html Right Here In My Arms - HIM] [http://congratulations.ibelgique.com/no-other-heart.html No Other Heart - Nat King Cole] [http://downloadsongillbehom.ibelgique.com/house-of-pain.html House Of Pain - Deep Purple] [http://worldwithoutyou.ifrance.com/magic-moon.html Magic Moon - Fausto Papetti] [http://movadodisslokalstage.iquebec.com/the-final-war.html The Final War - Grave Digger] [http://downloadmusictarikaa.iquebec.com/tonights-all-right-for-love.html Tonight's All Right For Love - Elvis Presley] [http://newsongcuidadocompay.ezfreehosting.com/bitter-moon--short-opening.html Bitter Moon - Short Opening - Vangelis] [http://movadodisslokalstage.iquebec.com/boys-from-the-county-hell.html Boys From The County Hell - Pogues] [http://downloadmusictarikaa.iquebec.com/festival-of-the-goddess.html Festival Of The Goddess - David Arkenstone] [http://songclipabgeschminkt.ifrance.com/hoscrmoah.html Hoscrmoah - Dvar] [http://downloadmusicpass.ibelgique.com/tu-vecchia-mutanda-tu.html Tu Vecchia Mutanda Tu - Renzo Arbore and Orchestra Italiana] [http://finale.yoyohost.com/i-believe.html I Believe - Elvis Presley] [http://unknowntitlefeatambi.iespana.es/stream-of-consciousness.html Stream Of Consciousness - Dream Theater] [http://sunburstandrain.iespana.es/graduel--bonum-est-confiteri-domino.html Graduel - Bonum Est Confiteri Domino - Ustad Nishat Khan] [http://movadodisslokalstage.iquebec.com/spring--spring-largo-e-pianis.html Spring - Spring Largo E Pianis - Vanessa Mae] [http://downloadmidnightmote.sqweebs.com/everything-invaded.html Everything Invaded - Moonspell] [http://movadodisslokalstage.iquebec.com/im-folle-de-toi.html I'm Folle De Toi - In-Grid] [http://movadodisslokalstage.iquebec.com/6act-2-under-the-canopy.html (6)Act 2 Under The Canopy - David Arkenstone] [http://songclipabgeschminkt.ifrance.com/for-tour-babies.html For tour babies - Simply Red] [http://uploadmusicjustindav.yoyohost.com/ommadawn.html Ommadawn - Mike Oldfield] [http://uploadmusicjustindav.yoyohost.com/alone-radio-edit.html Alone (radio Edit) - Amorphis] [http://alexgaudinofeatshena.ifrance.com/fel-yr-eira-like-the-snow.html Fel Yr Eira (Like The Snow) - Ceredwen] [http://spanishfly.ifrance.com/you-keep-on-moving.html You Keep On Moving - Deep Purple] [http://dharmadogzbolohar.iespana.es/love-is-the-message-feat-raekwon.html Love Is The Message (feat. Raekwon) - Cappadonna] [http://alexgaudinofeatshena.ifrance.com/picassos-last-words-drink-to-me.html Picasso's Last Words (Drink To Me) - Paul McCartney and Wings] [http://goodluckcharm.ibelgique.com/burning-up.html Burning Up - Madonna] [http://aworldapart.ifrance.com/suffer-well-tiga-remix-dj-set-dubtended.html Suffer Well (Tiga Remix DJ Set Dubtended) - Depeche Mode] [http://finale.yoyohost.com/nothing-else-matters.html Nothing Else Matters - Gregorian] [http://spanishfly.ifrance.com/thiys-fcn-chysta.html Thiys Fc'n Chysta - Clannad] 
|presidency=[[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal]]
|image= Howrah Station view 106.jpg
|coordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?ll=22.572625,88.363893&z=8&t=h&hl=en 22.572625°N, 88.363893°E]
|altitude= 9 m (30 ft)
|presentname= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcutta Kolkata]
|stateprovince= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Bengal West Bengal]
|country= [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/India India]
|transport= [[East Indian Railway]] (Howrah)<br>[[Bengal-Nagpur Railway]]<br>[[Calcutta and South Eastern Railway]] (Sealdah)<br>[[Eastern Bengal Railway]] (Sealdah)<br>[[Calcutta Port Commissioners' Railway]]<br>[[Arrah-Sasaram Light Railway]]<br>[[Barasat-Basirhat Light Railway]]<br>[[Futwah-Islampur Light Railway]]<br>[[Howrah-Amta Light Railway]]<br>[[Howrah-Sheakhalla Light Railway]]
}}
 
'''Calcutta''' (present day '''Kolkata''') is a large city in north-east India. Calcutta was the headquarters of the Government of the [[Bengal (Presidency)|Bengal Presidency]]. It was also the capital of British India until [[Delhi]] became the capital on 12th December 1911. The city had a large European mercantile community.
 
== History ==
[[Battle of Calcutta]] 1757<br> [[:Category:3rd Carnatic War|3rd Carnatic War]]
 
== Spelling Variants ==
Modern name: Kolkata<br>
Variants: Calcutta<br>
 
== Location ==
Calcutta is now known as Kolkata in modern day India and is situated at 22°33′N, 88°20′E in the Ganges Delta.  
 
==Places of interest==
=== The Maidan ===
The site of [[Fort William]], the Maidan was (and still is) the centre of Calcutta. It was bounded on the west side by the Hooghly River and the Strand Road, and on the east side by Chowringhi Road. Government House, the Governor's residence, was at the north end of the Maidan and Belvedere, the residence of the Lieutenent-Governor of Bengal, was near the southern end.
 
=== Eden Gardens===
The Eden Gardens were started by Lord Aukland's sisters and are beautifully laid out. They were the main gathering place of Calcutta Society in the time of the British Raj. They are also the home of India's oldest cricket ground, the Calcutta Cricket Club, and have a lake which was the home of the Rowing Club. Beside the lake is a Burmese Pagoda brought from Prome and set up in 1856. There were many statues in the Gardens.
 
==Churches and missions==
'''Anglican'''
*St James Church - see [http://members.fibis.org/archive/J5.pdf FIBIS Journal 5], ''The Man Who Built St James Calcutta''
*St John's Cathedral Church - consecrated 1787
*[[St Paul's Cathedral]] - completed in 1847
*St Peter's Church, [[Fort William]] - built 1828
*'Old' Mission Church - see article in [http://members.fibis.org/archive/J7.pdf FIBIS Journal 7], includes a list of graves
*St Stephen's, Kidderpore
 
'''Roman Catholic'''
*RC Cathedral (Virgin Mary of the Rosary) - built 1797
*St Patrick's Chapel, [[Fort William]] - built 1857
*St Theresa - built 1893
*St Thomas' Church - begun in 1841, adjacent to the Convent of Our Lady of Loreto
 
'''Other denominations'''
*St Andrew's Church of Scotland - opened 1818
*Greek Church - established 1780
*Holy Church of Nazareth ([[Armenian]]) - built in 1724. Dr. Reuben Khachaturyan/Liz Chater have transcribed all the baptisms at this church. They can be viewed on the [http://www.search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=195&s_id=126 FIBIS database].  Liz also has many photos of graves at the Nazereth Church on [http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~chaterfamilytree/nazareth_church.htm her website].
 
'''Missions'''
*Church Mission Society
*Free Church of Scotland - started in 1830
*London Missionary Society
*Oxford Mission - Church of England
*Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Anglican)
 
===Non-Christian places of worship===
As well as the temples and mosques that served the general Indian populace, Calcutta also housed:
*Parsi temple
*Synagogue
*Chinese temple
 
===Cemeteries===
See [[Cemeteries in Calcutta]].
 
==Education==
''The Educational Establishments of Calcutta Past and Present''. Article in the Calcutta Review Volume 13, January-June 1850, page 442 [http://books.google.com/books?id=-8KgAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA442 Google Books]<br>
'''Colleges'''
*Bengal School of Art
*Bishop's College, Circular Road - run by the Oxford Mission
*Calcutta Medical College - formerly Bengal Medical College, founded 1835
*Doveton College
*Presidency College
 
'''Schools'''
*La Martiniere School - established 1836
*St James' School - founded by Bishop Cotton in 1864
*St Lawrence High School
*St Thomas School, Kidderpore - founded 1789
*St. Xavier's Collegiate School - founded by the Jesuits in 1860
 
==Economy and business==
*[[Calcutta Businesses in 1933]]
 
== External Links ==
=====Encyclopedia entries=====
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolkata Kolkata] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Kolkata History of Kolkata] Wikipedia
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maidan_(Kolkata) Maidan (Kolkata)] Wikipedia
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Calcutta Calcutta] 1911 LovetoKnow
 
=====Maps=====
*[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00maplinks/colonial/calcuttamaps/calcuttamaps.html Calcutta Maps 1756,1839,1847,1883] Columbia University
*[http://www.davidrumsey.com/luna/servlet/detail/RUMSEY~8~1~21006~530098:Calcutta--Published-under-the-super Calcutta Map 1842] David Rumsey Collection
*[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps?f=q&source=s_q&hl=en&q=&vps=1&jsv=156c&sll=22.570526,88.351815&sspn=0.00959,0.019312&gl=uk&ie=UTF8&geocode=FWZuWAEdd1NEBQ&split=0 Kolkata, Google Maps] Map with many buildings marked
 
=====Guides and directories=====
See the [[Directories reading list]] for links to many directories with information on Calcutta.
*''Thacker's Guide to Calcutta'' (1906) by Rev W.K. Firminger a noted historian. This book gives the historical background of Calcutta, area by area. A free download is available from [http://www.archive.org/details/thackersguidetoc00firm archive.org]
 
=====Other=====
*''Calcutta in the Olden Times-Its Localities'' Article in Calcutta Review Vol 18, July-Dec 1852, p 275 ([http://books.google.com/books?id=cQc2AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA275 Google Books])
 
*''Calcutta in the Olden Times-Its People''  Article in Calcutta Review Vol 35, Sept-Dec 1860, p 164 ([http://books.google.com/books?id=8DMYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA164 Google Books])
 
*Catholic Institutions in Calcutta c 1881 from ''Indian Gods, Sages, and Cities'' by C Cesary  Limited View Google Books 1987 [http://books.google.com/books?id=OJ_CknHdCbUC&pg=PA172 page 172] reprint of original published 1881
 
*[http://members.lycos.co.uk/calcutta1940s/ Calcutta 1940's] Oral history site
 
*Photos taken by [http://oldsite.library.upenn.edu/etext/sasia/calcutta1947/album1.html G.I.s in Calcutta 1947]
 
[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Bengal Presidency]]
[[Category:Calcutta| ]]

Revision as of 11:44, 9 August 2009

Hymn - Gregorian Que Me Quedes Tu - Shakira Moonlit Shadows - Govi Rebellion (The Clans Are Marching) - Grave Digger Sting Shape of my heart - Amanda Lear Let There Be Light & Supernova - Mike Oldfield Lullaby Of London - Pogues Silver Bells - Kenny G Let There Be Light & Supernova - Mike Oldfield My Mother Told Me - Sacred Spirit Audiotrack 07 - Vangelis Buenos Aries - Madonna I'm Mad - Lil Boosie Track 15 - Andrew Lloyd Webber Twilight - Vangelis I Dont Have To Crawl - Emmylou Harris Dream With Me - Stratovarius Ne Me Dis Pas - Richard Anthony It Was Made In Heaven - Suns Of Arqa Atom Blaster - Vangelis Take Me Sailing - Vangelis and Demis Roussos The Creeper - Ventures Love Is In The Air - Fausto Papetti Journey To The Centre Of The Earth - Rick Wakeman Farewell (not GSTQ!) - Queen Live With Me - Massive Attack Pig Is A Pig - Corporate Avenger Map page Galleon (Remix Instrumental Version) - Deep Forest One for Cara - Shakatak A Cradle In Bethlehem - Vince Gill Equinox - Enigma Oh Johnny - Enigma Right Here In My Arms - HIM No Other Heart - Nat King Cole House Of Pain - Deep Purple Magic Moon - Fausto Papetti The Final War - Grave Digger Tonight's All Right For Love - Elvis Presley Bitter Moon - Short Opening - Vangelis Boys From The County Hell - Pogues Festival Of The Goddess - David Arkenstone Hoscrmoah - Dvar Tu Vecchia Mutanda Tu - Renzo Arbore and Orchestra Italiana I Believe - Elvis Presley Stream Of Consciousness - Dream Theater Graduel - Bonum Est Confiteri Domino - Ustad Nishat Khan Spring - Spring Largo E Pianis - Vanessa Mae Everything Invaded - Moonspell I'm Folle De Toi - In-Grid (6)Act 2 Under The Canopy - David Arkenstone For tour babies - Simply Red Ommadawn - Mike Oldfield Alone (radio Edit) - Amorphis Fel Yr Eira (Like The Snow) - Ceredwen You Keep On Moving - Deep Purple Love Is The Message (feat. Raekwon) - Cappadonna Picasso's Last Words (Drink To Me) - Paul McCartney and Wings Burning Up - Madonna Suffer Well (Tiga Remix DJ Set Dubtended) - Depeche Mode Nothing Else Matters - Gregorian Thiys Fc'n Chysta - Clannad 

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