Calcutta
Calcutta (present day Kolkata) is a large city in north-east India. Calcutta was the Head Quarters of the Government of the Bengal Presidency. It was also the capital of India until Delhi became the capital on 12th December 1911. The city had a a large European mercantile community.
History
Battle of Calcutta 1757
3rd Carnatic War 1756-63
Spelling Variants
Modern name: Kolkata
Variants: Calcutta
Location
Calcutta is now known as Kolkata in modern day India and is situated at 22°33′N, 88°20′E in the Ganges Delta.
Places in Calcutta
The Maidan
This was the centre of Calcutta and was bounded on the west side by the Hooghly River and the Strand Road and on the East side by Chowringhi Road. Government House, the Governors residence, was at the north end of the Maidan and Belvedere, the Lieutenent-Governor of Bengals residence, was near the southern end.
Eden Gardens
The Eden Gardens were started by Lord Auklands sisters and are beautifully laid out. It was the main gathering place of Calcutta Society in the time of the British Raj. It is the home of India's oldest cricket ground the Calcutta Cricket Club and has a lake which was the home of the Rowing Club. Beside the lake is a Burmese Pagoda brought from Prome and set up in the Eden Gardens in 1856.
There were also many statues in the Gardens.
Calcutta Businesses in 1933
The following are listed in Murray's Handbook of India Burma and Ceylon in 1933.
Hotels
European Standard Hotels
- Grand Hotel, Chowringhi Road
- Great Eastern Hotel, Old Court House Street
Other Hotels
- Spence's Hotel, Wellesley Place
- Continental Hotel, Chowringhi Road
Boarding Houses
- Mrs King's, 1 & 2 Little Russell Street & 48 Theatre Road
- Mrs Lord, (Lord's Ltd), 233 Lower Circular Road
- Mrs McDonnell, 1 Bishop Lefroy Road
Restaurant and Confectioners
- Firpo, 18/2 Chowringhi
- Peliti, 11 Govt Place
- Gt Eastern Hotel
- Grand Cafe attatched to the Grand Hotel, entrance Corporation Place
- Trocadero, 10-11 Esplanade East
- Bristol Grill, Lyon's Range
- Empire Restaurant, Hindustan Insurance Buildings, Hogg Street
- Hotel Continental, 12 Chowringhi
Bankers and Agents
- Grindlay & Co., 6 Church Lane
- T. Cook & Son, Ltd., 4 Dalhousie Square East
- Cox & King, Wallace House, 5 Bankshall Street
- American Express Co., 14 Government Place, East
Banks
- Imperial Banks of India, 3 Strand
- Ch. Bank of India, Australia & China, 5 Clive Street
- Hong Kong & Shanghai Banking Corp., 31 Dalhousie Sq
- National Bank of India, 104 Clive St
- Allahabad Bank, 6 Royal Exchange
- Lloyd's Bank, Cox's Branch, 101/1 Clive Street
- International Bankinf Association, 4 Clive Street
- P & O Banking Corporation, 1 Fairlie Place
- Yokohama Specie Bank, 1 Clive Street
- Eastern Bank, Clive Street
Swimming Baths
Swimming Bath on the Esplanade
Booksellers and Stationers
- Thacker, Spink & Co., Esplanade East
- W. Newman & Co., Old Court House Street
- Butterworth & Co., 6 Hastings Street (books only)
Bookmakers: Saddlers
- Watts & Co., 15/16 Chowringhi
- Cuthbertson & Harper, 10 Govt. Place
- Morrison & Cottle, 8 Esplanade East
Chemists
- R. Scott Thomson & Co., 15 Chowringhi Rd
- Frank Ross & Co., 16 Chowringhi Rd and 81 Park St
- Bathgate & Co., 17 Old Court House St and 1/1 Camac st
- Smith Stanistreet, 5 Dalhousie Sq East and 41 Theatre Rd
- A. Chandler, 7 Park St
Churches
Anglican
- St Pauls Cathedral
- St John's Church, formerly the Cathedral
- The Old Church, Mission Row C.M.S.)
- St Peter's, in the Fort
- St Thomas's (the Free School Church)
Church of Scotland
- St Andrew's, Dalhousie Sq
- U.F. Church of Scotland, Wellesley Sq
Other Churches
- Wesleyan Church, Sudder St
- Baptist Chapels, Bow Bazar and Circular Road
- Congregational Union Chapel, Dharmtolla and Hastings
- American Meth. Episcopal, Dharmtolla
- R.C., St Thomas, Middleton Row
- Cathedral, Portuguese Church Street, Dharmtolla Road
Clubs
- Bengal Club, 33 Chowringhi Road. Members of this club may use the Madras, Byculla, Hong-Kong and Shanghai Clubs and vice versa.
- United Service Club, 31 Chowringhi
- Calcutta Club (Europeans & Indians), 241 Lower Circular Road
- New Club, 38 Chowringhi
- Saturday Club, 7 Wood St
- R. Calcutta Turf Club, 11 Russell St
- R. Calcutta Golf Club
- Tollygunge (country) Club
- Jodhpore (country) Club
Conveyances
Indian Motor Taxi-Cab Co., 33 Rowland Road, Ballyganj
Dentists
- J Edgar Gill, 39 Chowringhi Road
- Smith Bros., 9 Chowringhi Road
- Metropolitan Dental Co., 2 Corporation Street
Drapers
- Francis, Harrison, Hathaway & Co., Government Place
- Whiteaway, Laidlaw, Chowringhi
- Hall & Anderson, Chowringhi
- Army & Navy Stores, Chowringhi
- Mitchell, Park Street
Freemasons Lodges
Dt. Grand Secy., Freemasons' Hall, 19 Park Street
Hairdressers
- Youd & Co, Old Court House Street
- Bromley, Chowringhi
- Taplitska, Park Street
Jewellers, Silversmiths and Watchmakers
- Cooke & Kelvey, Old Court House Street
- Boseck& Co., Chowringhi
- James Murray & Co., Government Place, E
- Garrard & Co., 2 Dalhousie Square
Livery Stables
- Cooke & Co., Park Street
- Hart Bros, Ballygunge
Lady Doctors
Dr Mary Hemfry, Dr Alice Headwards, 33 Theatre Road
Medical Men
Indian Medical Service Officers; Dr Houseman, 212 Harington Street
Missions
- Oxford Mission, 42 Cornwallis Street
- S.P.G., 224 Lower Circular Road
- The Clewer Sisters, working since 1881 had charge of the Canning Home for Nurses, European Girls Orphanage and Pratt Memorial School
- C.M.S., 10 Mission Row
- Church of Scotland, Cornwallis Square
- U.F. Church of Scotland. 2 Cornwallis Square
- Baptist Mission Society, 42 Lower Circular Road
- The Addil. Clergy Society
- Methodist Episcopal Mission
- L.M.S.
- Wesleyan Mission
- Zenana Mission HQ