Railways in the Middle Eastern Theatre
Persia
In Persia , "in 1915, at the time of the revolt of Tangestan, [British military] reinforcements were sent [to Busehr (Bushire, the main port)] in order to coun¬teract the moves of the German consul,… .On that occasion a narrow-gauge railway 37 miles long was constructed to link Busehr with Borazjan, on the way to Shiraz….At the same time a factory for constructing railroad equipment was established at Busehr. The evacuation of the town by the British in March 1919 put an end to these attempts". [1]
Mesopotamia
"Without the work of the Indian auxiliaries on the Mesopotamian railways – which supplied almost every requisite for fighting and for everyday living on campaign –the Allied forces would never have enjoyed the victory they achieved."[2]
Major Frederick Cole and his unit from India built the railway from Basra to Baghdad in Iraq, then Mesopotamia. (Major Cole was Inspector of Railways in India from about 1915 to 1930).[3]
Rail track was sent from India. “For Mesopotamia, we pull up existing lines.”[4]
Trains were sent from India, including fourteen military trains in 1916. In 1918 the entire (locos, rolling stock, track, and all fixtures and fittings) Powayn Steam Tramway, in Bengal was sent for use on the Bushire Light Railway in Persia.[5]
The Iraq Railways and the Indian Railway Department were a Unit and Regiment of the Indian Army in Mesopotamia during World War 1 according to a soldier’s record on the CWGC.[6] First World War medal card indexes (refer Online Records below) mention Mesopotamian Railways, Iraq Railways and Railways Baghdad as corps, with Mesopotamian Railways being mentioned more frequently, but it is not known by us to what extent these three differ. In addition, there are other railway units mentioned, which may be Mesopotamian based, but which could be in other theatres. Refer separate list.
External links
- British Library APAC Catalogue reference , Official Publications A history of Mesopotamian railways during the War. Bombay, 1921 IOR/V/27/720/40 1921. Also available through the Integrated Catalogue.
- The National Archives catalogue reference War Diary of 2 Indian Railway Construction Battalion WO 95/5246. (Probably, but not definitely, a unit in Mesopotamia). A War Diary was a daily record of events kept by units in active service.
- Armoured car on rails in Mesopotamia from Railways of Iraq
- The Railways of Mesopotamia by Richard Coke from The Railway Magazine April 1928 from fuchs-online.com.
- Baghdad Railway Wikipedia
- Iraqi Republic Railways Wikipedia
- Mesopotamian Transport Commission. Report of the Commission appointed by the Government of India... to enquire into questions connected with the organisation and administration of the Railway and River Transport in Mesopotamia. 1918 is available to read online on the Digital Library of India website. Table of Contents is computer page 6. Refer Online books-Digital Library of India for more details about this site.
References
- ↑ Busehr Encyclopaedia Iranica
- ↑ Memorial Gates Trust, First World War-Mesopotamia
- ↑ Vay to go by Alison Gibson from Mid-day.com
- ↑ The First World War, 1914-1918, Volume II, page 114 by Charles Repington 1920,(Archive.org) quoting a letter from Sir Charles Monroe, C-in-C in India, dated Simla, August 15, 1917
- ↑ Indian / South-Asian Industrial Locos: Military Trains by Simon Darvill. IRFCA
- ↑ Commonwealth War Graves Commission’s record for J. Flatman
