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13th Hussars

5,630 bytes added, 05:28, 12 July 2020
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[[Image:13th.jpg|right]]
Also known as '''13th HussarsDragoons''', the '''13th Light Dragoons''' or sometimes simply the '''13th Cavalry'''.
== Chronology ==
*'''1751''' renamed the 13th Regiment of Dragoons
*'''1783''' became the 13th Regiment of Light Dragoons
*'''1861''' became the '''13th Hussars'''*'''1922''' amalgamated with the [[18th Hussars|18th Royal Hussars ]] (Queen Mary's Own) to form the 13th/18th Hussars
*'''1935''' became the 13th/18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own)
*'''1992''' consolidated with the 15th/19th King’s Hussars to form the Light Dragoons
== History Service in British India ==
{{Template:Origin|text=This history was part of Cathy Day's ''Family History in India'' site and is based on info found in the 1911 book ''History of the XIII. Hussars'' by Charles Raymond Booth Barrett. Cathy has kindly transferred this page to our wiki.}}
==== Arrival 1819 ====
The mutineers were Muslims, and if the outbreak at [[Bangalore]] had proved successful, it was to be followed by similar outbreaks at [[Bellary]], [[Jaulna]], [[Hyderabad]] and [[Nagpore]]. Doubtless, too, it would have spread far and wide.
To Major Inglis, commanding the [[48th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry]], however, on the morning of October 28th came [[Jemadar]] Emaun Khan, a native officer of his regiment, and to the astonishment of his commanding officer revealed the whole plot. Prompt measures were at once taken, the European regiments then at [[Bangalore]], the [[62nd Regiment of Foot]] and the 13th Light Dragoons, were immediately warned. Parties were sent out, and all those named by the Jemadar were immediately arrested. The ringleader was a certain Hyder Ali Khan, who liked to be styled the "Nawaub", and who lived in the Pettah (walled part of a city) of Bangalore. With him were associated Syfut Ali Shah, a fakir who pretended to be an alchemist, and who promised those who joined the conspirators pecuniary rewards in this world and rewards of another, but equally satisfactory, nature in the next. A Muslim butter-merchant was also deeply implicated.
Had, however, the sedition been confined to these civilian natives, it would not have been particularly formidable, but unfortunately several [[havildar]]s (the highest rank of non-commissioned officer among native troops in India and Ceylon) and [[sepoy]]s of the native horse artillery, and certain regiments of native infantry and cavalry, had been seduced from their allegiance, and, what is more, would probably have received a certain amount of support from their comrades when once the trouble had begun.
A court of inquiry was held on Tuesday October 30 and continued its sittings till Sunday November 4.
The story of this plot is as follows: For some little time Hyder Ali Khan, the "Nawaub" as he pleased to call himself, had lived in the Pettah at [[Bangalore]]. He appeared to be well supplied with money, and exercised not a little hospitality; his main endeavour being at first to attract to his house as many sepoys and native officers of the Company's service as he could, particularly those of the Native Horse Artillery. He had also entered into communication with, and enlisted in his design, a goodly number of disbanded troopers and discharged sepoys who had formerly been in the service of the Rajah of [[Mysore]]. Some two or three hundred Pindarees, too, were prepared to join when the signal of revolt was given. It happened, too, that certain details of light cavalry had left Bangalore for Mysore on the 25th under the command of a [[Subadar-Major]]. Arrangements had been made to intercept this force, and with the aid of certain mutineers who belonged to it, to murder the officers if true to their salt, and then to return and join their comrades at Bangalore. If the subadar chose to throw in his lot with the mutineers, all the better. The [[Mughal_Empire#Vakil|Vakeel ]] of the [[Coorg]] Rajah also had promised 12,000 horse and 7000 foot soldiers to be at Bangalore by daybreak on the 29th, provided he received news that the mutiny had really taken place.
By means of a clever ruse, a [[havildar]] favourable to the conspiracy had been appointed on the Mysore gate at [[Bangalore]] for that night, and his task was to open it and admit the mutineers. How this appointment was managed is worth relating. It appears that his brother, also a mutineer, met the havildar major coming out of the Adjutant's quarters. To the havildar major he presented a couple of silk handkerchiefs which had been provided for the purpose by the "Nawaub". The handkerchiefs were accepted and the traitor then proceeded to ask a favour. "As my child's ear is diseased," said he, "and the doctors tell me that the blood of swallows is good for it, if you will put my brother on the Mysore gate he will be able to get some for me." The petition was granted, and Shaik Ismael, havildar in the 9th Native Infantry, was duly posted on the gate. The mutineers divided themselves into three groups. The first was to be admitted through the Mysore gate, where the arsenal and magazine were to be seized and arms distributed, the European guard having been killed. Next the European Main guard was to share the same fate, after which the garden of the general commanding the district (Major-General Hawker) was to be surrounded, and that officer murdered. A gun was then to be fired from the ramparts, and a green flag displayed. This gun was to be a signal for the other two parties of mutineers to get to their allotted work, and to warn the Native Horse Artillery as well that their time for action had arrived.
A third party of mutineers was to take the barracks in the rear. It was calculated that if grape-shot (hundreds of lead balls, or 'shot' linked together in chains and fired from a cannon) was well plied into the barracks there would be little chance of the Europeans escaping, roused as they were in the dead of the night. The officers in general, who lived in bungalows apart and in a rather scattered way, were destined to be shot or cut down as they rushed from their dwellings.
The plot had many elements of success in its conception, and even assuming that in the long run the mutiny had been suppressed, it is certain that a great deal of bloodshed would have occurred. The "Nawaub" proposed to install himself as King of [[Bangalore]], with one Seyd Tippoo, a prominent mutineer, as his Prime Minister. Twenty-three native soldiers were brought before the Court of Inquiry, and some forty scamps from the bazaar. A [[court- martial ]] was held later, which began its sittings on December 19. Four of the accused were sentenced to be blown from guns (i.e., strapped to a cannon, which is then fired), and some others to be shot. Several more were sentenced to death, but the sentences were commuted to transportation for life. The executions duly took place at [[Bangalore]], in presence of the garrison, on December 24. Rewards were given to the loyal native officers and sepoys who gave information. Several did so, but a few hours later than the time the [[Jemadar]] of the 48th came to Major Inglis. A searching investigation was made to find out the full extent of this conspiracy, but not much came to light. In the house of one of the rebels, a certain Abbas Ali, and in his own handwriting, was found a draft proclamation and a part of a fair copy thereof; but all other documents had been destroyed. The whole affair is remarkable in a way. There was no grievance of any kind among the native sepoys. Some of those condemned had even been years in the service. One had nineteen years service and several had had fathers and other relatives who had died in battle honourably.
Rewards were given to all who had given information, promotion in all cases, and sometimes in addition a pecuniary grant of 500 Rupees. Forewarned, it was easy to nip this mutiny in the bud.
The 13th Light Dragoons, however, were not destined to leave India without employment on active service in the field. The story of the brief campaign of 1839 is as follows. A fanatical spirit was abroad among the Muslim chiefs and the people of India which appears to have originated in Scinde, whence emissaries were sent to induce the chiefs to engage in a holy war against the British raj. Among the chiefs implicated was the Nawab of [[Kurnool]] - a potentate of some power and not a little wealth. By treaty he was precluded from storing and collecting war materiel, but nevertheless he had amassed a huge quantity of guns, muskets, shot, shell, bullets, swords, matchlocks, English double-barrelled guns and pistols, salt petre, sulphur, copper, lead, reams of cartridge paper, and about 600,000 lbs of gunpowder. These warlike stores were cunningly concealed, some within the zenana (women's quarters) at Kurnool, and hundreds of cannon were ranged in the courtyards hidden by grass which had been allowed to grow over them. The Nawab was called upon for an explanation and refused to offer one. The Government therefore moved up a force towards Kurnool.
On August 13th, the [[34th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry |34th Madras Light Infantry]] left [[Bangalore]], to join the 13th Light Dragoons and other troops. The total force amounted to about 6,000 men. On September 24th the force reached Kopatoal, thirty or forty miles from [[Kurnool]]. Here the Sappers were left to prepare materials for a siege, as it was anticipated that strong resistance would be offered by the Nawab. A company of the [[29th Regiment of Madras Native Infantry]], and one of the 16th, also remained, while the main force encamped about six miles to the front. So matters rested for a fortnight, when the Sappers were ordered to the front and encamped two miles in advance of the main force. The main camp was on the right bank of the river, while the artillery, engineers, and ordnance stores were on the left. On October 10, the Sappers, a Squadron of 13th Light Dragoons and other troops moved off. Meanwhile another group of native and a small body of Sappers had taken possession of the fort of Kurnool without resistance a few days before.
The force with the 13th Light Dragoons reached [[Kurnool]] on October 12, encamping about two miles off. For six days the troops were employed in searching for the Nawab's concealed guns and stores - only seven or eight being found mounted on the walls. Among the guns was found forty or fifty light field-pieces with carriages complete and ready for the field - mostly two-pounders or six-pounders. A "Malabar" gun, ten feet long, mounted on a carriage with 10 ft wheels, and a 24 ft trail, was discovered behind a wall, but commanding the main street from the gate. It had a 12 inch bore and carried a shot weighing two hundred and forty pounds. Three or four hundred guns were found in the grass in the courtyard, and in another place guns, mortars, and howitzers in large numbers. A huge amount of treasure was also seized. Most of the shells were made of pewter, and some were of most fanciful design. The fact was that the British force had arrived six months too soon, and the Nawab's force did not amount to more than 1,000 men. While his stores were being disclosed the Nawab remained in an enclosure near the tomb of his father to which he had retired. The fort technically was still his own, and he was permitted to send things in and out - and some treasure was no doubt removed.
*'''1819''' - [[Arcot]]
*'''1820''' - [[Bangalore]]
*'''1826''' - [[Arcot]]
*'''1828''' - [[Arnee]]
*'''1829''' - [[Bangalore]]
*'''1840''' - To Gravesend, England
===Second period of service===
*'''1871879'''9 - [[Lucknow]]
*'''1881''' - [[Kandahar]]
 
During the period 1874-1884 in India and Afghanistan, due to the return of other regiments to England, the following men transferred to the 13th Hussars
*On 1 August 1874, from the [[5th (or Royal Irish) Lancers|5th Lancers]], 1 sergeant and 6 men
*On 8 April 1875, from the [[18th Hussars]] 2 privates.
*On 1 November 1875, from the [[16th (The Queen's) Lancers|16th Lancers]] 2 privates,
*On 1 July 1877, from the [[11th (Prince Albert's Own) Hussars|11th Hussars]], 11 privates
*On 1 October 1878, from the [[4th (Queen's Own) Hussars|4th Hussars]], a private
*On 1 October 1879 from the [[3rd (The King's Own) Hussars|3rd Hussars]] 1 sergeant and 9 privates
 
In 1884 the 13th Hussars were under orders to proceed to England. Certain of the non-commissioned officers and men were therefore permitted to volunteer into other corps. 1 sergeant, 1 corporal, and 22 privates went to the [[1st Dragoon Guards|1st King's Dragoon Guards]]; 1 sergeant, 1 corporal, and 11 privates to the [[6th Dragoon Guards]]; 9 privates to the [[7th Dragoon Guards]]; 24 privates to the [[8th (The King's Royal Irish) Hussars|8th Hussars]]; 2 to the [[12th (Prince of Wales's Royal) Lancers|12th Lancers]]; and 5 to the [[17th Lancers]]. In all—3 sergeants, 2 corporals, and 75 privates.<ref>[https://www.pinetreeweb.com/13th-afghan-war.html The 13th Hussars in India & Afghanistan 1874-1884] (pinetreeweb.com) Excerpt from the Regimental History, C. R. B. Barrett, ''History of the XIII Hussars'', 1911.</ref>
 
==Regimental histories==
*''Light Dragoons : the Origins of a New Regiment'' by Allan Mallinson. 1993. Available at the [[British Library]] BLL01008113929 . A later 2006 edition was published under the title ''Light Dragoons : the Making of a Regiment''. Covers the 13th Hussars, [[15th (The King's) Hussars|15th Hussars]], [[18th Hussars]], and [[19th Hussars]].
 
== External links ==
===Historical books online===
*''Historical record of the Thirteenth Regiment of Light Dragoons containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1715, and of its subsequent services to 1842'' [http://books.google.com/books?id=VxlnrkSGjhcC Google Books] 1842. Indian service commenced [http://books.google.com/books?id=VxlnrkSGjhcC&pg=PA73 page 73] in 1819
*[https://archive.org/details/thirteenthhussar00dura ''The Thirteenth Hussars in the Great War''] by Sir H Mortimer Durand 1921 Archive.org. The Regiment was in India at the start of the war, then served on the [[Western Front]], as part of the Meerut Cavalry Brigade, in turn part of an Indian Cavalry Division, and in Mesopotamia from c July 1916.
*Pdf downloads available from the [http://www.lightdragoons.org.uk/downloads.html Light Dragoons Regimental Association] include
**''XIIIth Hussars Vol 1'' and ''XIIIth Hussars Vol 2''. These downloads are very likely to be ''History of the XIII Hussars'' by Charles Raymond Booth Barrett published 1911, in two volumes. See extracts above.
**''History of 13th-18th (QMO) Hussars 1922-1947''
:Note these are large downloads which may take a while to open.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/pigstickingorhog00baderich#page/n5/mode/2up ''Pigsticking or, Hoghunting: a complete account for sportsmen, and others''] by Captain R. S. S. Baden-Powell. Illustrated by the author 1889 Archive.org
:The author, of Scouting fame, was with the 13th Hussars 1876-1897 when he became Lieutenant Colonel of the [[5th (or Royal Irish) Lancers|5th Dragoon Guards]] in India.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/indianmemoriesre00bade#page/n7/mode/2up ''Indian memories: recollections of soldiering, sport, etc''], with illustrations by the author, by Sir Robert Baden-Powell 1915
:The author, of Scouting fame, was with the 13th Hussars 1876-1897 when he became Lieutenant Colonel of the [[5th (or Royal Irish) Lancers|5th Dragoon Guards]] in India.
 
===Other===
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_Hussars 13th Hussars] Wikipedia<br>
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th/18th_Royal_Hussars_(Queen_Mary%27s_Own) 13th/18th Royal Hussars] Wikipedia<br>
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Light_Dragoons The Light Dragoons] Wikipedia<br>
*[http://www.lightdragoons.org.uk/ The Light Dragoons Regimental Association] ( 13th/15th/ 18th /19th Hussars/Light Dragoons) including [http://www.lightdragoons.org.uk/museums.html Museums], [http://www.lightdragoons.org.uk/gallery.html Images]
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20080118041652/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/cav/D13h.htm 13th Hussars] including [http://web.archive.org/web/20080118041159/http://www.regiments.org/deploy/uk/reg-cav/d13.htm deployments] Regiments.org, an archived site.
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20080124050552/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/cav/D13-18h.htm 13th/18th Royal Hussars (Queen Mary's Own)] including [http://web.archive.org/web/20071024090222/http://www.regiments.org/deploy/uk/reg-cav/d13-18h.htm deployments] Regiments.org, an archived site.
*[https://www.pinetreeweb.com/13th-afghan-war.html The 13th Hussars in India & Afghanistan 1874-1884](pinetreeweb.com) Excerpt from the Regimental History, C. R. B. Barrett, ''History of the XIII Hussars'', 1911.
*[http://www.pinetreeweb.com/bp-pix30.htm Photograph of Baden-Powell with a group of 13th Hussar officers in India after a day of pigsticking]. pinetreeweb.com
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20200712012239/http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache%3AhxmkL_94x78J%3Awww.britishmedals.us%2Fkevin%2Fprofiles%2Fkimpton.html "David Kimpton - 13th Hussars - Served 1866 to 1878"]. In India 1874 to 1878 when he left India as a Time Expired soldier. Asplin Military History Resources, Google cache page, now archived.
 
== References ==
<references />
 
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== External Links ==
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th_Hussars 13th Hussars] Wikipedia<br>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/13th/18th_Royal_Hussars_(Queen_Mary%27s_Own) 13th/18th Royal Hussars] Wikipedia<br>[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Light_Dragoons The Light Dragoons] Wikipedia
[[Category:British Army Cavalry Regiments]]
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