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*'''1881''' merged with the [[94th Regiment of Foot]] to become 1st Battalion The Connaught Rangers
*'''1922''' disbanded on Irish independence<br>
==Also see==
*[[Connaught Rangers Mutiny]] in India in 1920.
==Regimental History==
''The Connaught Rangers. (The History of the Regiment)'' by Lieut.-Colonel H. F. N. Jourdain and Edward Fraser. In three volumes, published 1924-28, and now available online at Archive.org, see below. Vol I: 1793-1922 1st Battalion, formerly 88th Foot; Vol II : 1572-1922 2nd Battalion, Formerly 94th Foot; Vol III: 1914-1919 5th & 6th Service Battalions. Officers. The Colours. Music.
== History in India ==
{{Template:Origin|text=The following history of the Connaught Rangers (during the period 1857-1870) was extracted by Chris Bateman of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada. The original work was entitled ''The Connaught Rangers - 1st Battalion, Formerly 88th Foot'' by Lieutenant-Colonel H.F.N. Jourdain, C.M.G., and was published in London in 1924. It has been extracted with the footnotes identified and included in the main text. This section was part of the Family History in India website, which was designed by Cathy Day to help people trace their British and European ancestry in colonial India . Cathy has kindly allowed us to transfer this page to our wiki.}} This volume is now available online, see below.
==== 1857-1858 ====
Sir Colin Campbell, on moving forward from [[Cawnpore]] on November 9th with the troops for the relief of [[Lucknow]], had left General Windham with about 500 European soldiers and a few Sikhs to maintain the post at [[Cawnpore]] and guard the bridge of boats across the Ganges there, upon which Sir Colin's communications depended. Windham was reinforced a few days later by half a Madras native battalion and a few guns, under Brigadier Carthew, but his position meanwhile was being threatened by the revolted Gwalior Contingent under [[Tatya Tope|Tantia Topee]] from the direction of Kalpee. That was the position when the companies of the 88th were added to Brigadier Carthew's command on November 22nd, the day after their arrival. The force moved forward on the 24th to a bridge on the Kalpee road and encamped. Another portion of the 88th (which Captain Vernor in his diary calls "our detachment of two compaines") joined Lieut-Colonel Maxwell on the 25th, as did the band, who had to take their places in the ranks and serve as privates. Six companies of the Rangers had now reached the front, of whom four were at [[Cawnpore]] and two with Colonel G.V. Maxwell near Futtipore, where they arrived on the 27th.
General Windham having decided to take the offensive, early on the morning of the 26th formed his force into two so-called brigades. Carthew's "brigade" consisted of the half-battalion of the 88th and four companies of the 2nd Battalion [[Rifle Brigade]], with four 6-pounder guns in charge of [[Madras]] artillerymen. The other "brigade," under Colonel Kelly, comprised the [[34th Regiment of Foot]] and four companies of the [[82nd Regiment of Foot]], with four 9-pounder guns. They advanced during the forenoon of the 26th as far as [[Battle of Pandoo Nuddee|Pandoo Nuddee]], driving the rebels before them. The Rifles, who formed the skirmishing line, supported by the 88th, were pushed on through a number of fields of high growing grain till they arrived at a thick tope of trees, at which point the enemy opened a sharp fire of grape and round shot. In clearing the place a number of men were killed. Among them Ensign Mitchell was severely wounded by a round shot and died in hospital a few days afterwards. Captain Day, who rushed forward at the head of his men across a clear space between the tope and the enemy's guns, was killed close to a well. [Footnote: At the time it was not known exactly how Captain Day had fallen, but, on inquiry and search some months later, his body was recovered from the well, and the injury to the skull indicated the effect of a round shot. He was only twenty-one years old. A full account of the discovery of his body is given in J. W. Sherer's Memoirs of the Mutiny.] Captain Henning led his men against the guns. He was joined by the skirmishers of the 34th who were on the left and it became a race to reach the guns first. They were two in number and both were taken: one was an 18-pounder. Captain Baynes, meanwhile, took his men to the right to support the Rifles. Windham, however, though successful at the moment, was in the end obliged to withdraw towards evening to his original position, as being the only one his small force could hold pending Sir Colin Campbell's return from [[Lucknow]]. Camp was pitched again and the night passed quietly.
Next morning, November 27th, the regiment paraded before daybreak. General Windham said, in the hearing of the 88th when on parade, "If the enemy has crossed the canal bridge I will attack him: if not we shall have a quiet day." His only cavalry consisted of fifty troopers of a native Police Corps and some of these had been sent out to scout: the sole precaution apparently that was thought necessary. They returned soon, with the English lieutenant in charge, and reported that they had not found any of the enemy, whereupon it was arranged to give up the day for the men to clean themselves and their clothing which they had no opportunity of doing before. The troopers' reconnaissance however had been incomplete, and danger soon proved nearer at hand than was anticipated. Before the morning was far advanced a gun was heard, then another, and quickly afterwards round shot were hurtling through the camp. It was an unpleasant surprise. "What, twelve o'clock so soon!" said some of the men as they heard the first gun. The bugles at once sounded the alarm, and the 88th were quickly under arms. Some of the men, indeed, who were washing, buckled on their belts without waiting to get on their coats. It was a bad surprise and the camp was thrown into confusion at the outset. The camels at once became unmanageable and went off over the plain: the bullocks also ran off: the elephants trumpeted and got unmanageable. Many of the native followers at the same time deserted, making for [[Cawnpore]]. The enemy, who were the Gwalior rebels and had forty guns with them, appeared to be firing from in front and also from both flanks. As the men fell in, one party of the Rangers was told off to skirmish together with the Rifles, and another to act as escort to the naval gun, belonging to the Shannon's Naval Brigade accompanying the force, which was posted near the road. Its bullocks had all run away, and the officers and men with the gun had all been either killed or wounded. The skirmishers, under Lieut.-Colonel Maxwell, were sent to its assistance and the gun was dragged away by men of the 88th and Rifle Brigade, with some of the 82nd. The adjutant of the 88th, while keeping the men steady under a severe fire, was wounded in the leg and obliged to retire. Lieutenant Vernor was ordered temporarily to act as adjutant in his place.
There was during that season, it may be mentioned incidentally, a good deal of fever at Nowshera, and a great part of the regiment suffered from it, but the epidemic was not serious.
Brigadier-General D.M. Stewart, C.B., commanding the Peshawar District (a new command, formed out of the former Peshawar Division), inspected the regiment at Nowshera on March 19th. He expressed himself much pleased. The 88th was again inspected on November 5th, by Brigadier-General Sir [[Sam Browne, C.B., V.C., ]] CB VC who stated that he "desired to record that he was perfectly satisfied with the state of the regiment under command of Colonel E.H. Maxwell, and that he would have much pleasure in submitting a favourable report for the information of H.E. the Commander-in-Chief."
'''1870'''
In January 1881 the regiment was again in India <ref>Army List, sv P J O'Sullivan</ref>
==References==1920====See details of the [[Connaught Rangers Mutiny]] in India.====1922===="Leaving Rawal Pindi on April 4th, 'They took passage to England, with Shorncliffe as their destination for the disbandment, in the same transport with another compatriot corps, destined to share their fate, the 2nd Battalion The Royal Irish'." <ref>''Great War Forum'' post in the topic "1st Connaught Rangers 1922" by archangel9 5 May 2019 (in a members's only section) quoting Jourdain & Fraser, The ''Connaught Rangers, Vol 1''.</ref> They sailed on the "Syria". <ref>Same ''Great War Forum'' topic, post by Derek Black 17 April 2019, quoting "''Freeman's Journal'' - Friday 28 April 1922", [a Dublin newspaper available online on BNA/findmypast].</ref>== External Links ==*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/88th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Highland_Volunteers) Highland Volunteers] Wikipedia<br>*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/88th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Connaught_Rangers) 88th Regiment of Foot] Wikipedia<br>*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Connaught_Rangers Connaught Rangers] Wikipedia<br>*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2nd_Battalion,_York_and_Lancaster_Regiment 2nd battalion York and Lancaster Regiment] Wikipedia<br>*[http://classic-web.archive.org/web/20080113060520/www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/088-793.htm 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers)] Regiments.org, an archived site.*[http://classic-web.archive.org/web/20080118041722/www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/088Connt.htm The Connaught Rangers] including deployments: [http://classic-web.archive.org/web/20080103044454/www.regiments.org/deploy/uk/reg-inf/088-1.htm 1st Battalion], [http://web.archive.org/web/20080108235545/http://www.regiments.org/deploy/uk/reg-inf/094-1.htm 2nd Battalion] Regiments.org, an archived site.**After World War 1, the 1st Battalion served in India, where news of the ‘Black and Tans' atrocities in their native Ireland sparked a mutiny at Jullundur during which two men were killed. 69 mutineers were court martialled and one executed as a result. Refer [[Connaught Rangers Mutiny]].*[https://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/handle/10379/5134 "A Lost Heritage: The Connaught Rangers and Multivocal Irishness"] by John Morrissey, 2005 , Chapter 3 of ''Ireland’s Heritages: Critical Perspectives on Memory and Identity'' edited by M Mc Carthy 2005. [https://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/bitstream/handle/10379/5134/Ireland%27s_Heritages_Chapter.pdf?sequence=6&isAllowed=y pdf] Website: ARAN, National University of Ireland, Galway. Includes details of the recruitment area for the regiment, including page 5 of the pdf.*[http://www.nam.ac.uk/collection/collection-news/indian-mutiny-tunic-reveals-death-defying-story "Indian Mutiny Tunic Reveals Death-Defying Story"] with additional [http://www.nam.ac.uk/online-collection/detail.php?q=searchType%3Dsimple%26simpleText%3Dindian%2520mutiny%26themeID%3D%26resultsDisplay%3Dlist%26page%3D15&pos=18&total=299&page=15&acc=2012-02-1-1 details] National Army Museum. Lieutenant Campbell Clark, [[2nd Bengal (European) Light Infantry|2nd Bengal European Fusiliers]] was attached to the 88th Regiment of Foot when he was shot at Cawnpore in November 1857 while taking part in an attack against the mutineers.*[http://www.royal-irish.com/ The Royal Irish <nowiki>[Regiment]<references /nowiki>] Details of Museums and database for the Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers ([[27th Regiment of Foot|27th]] and [[3rd Madras (European) Infantry|108th]] Regiments of Foot), the Royal Irish Rifles ([[83rd Regiment of Foot|83rd]] and [[86th Regiment of Foot|86th]] Regiments of Foot), and the Royal Irish Fusiliers ([[87th Regiment of Foot|87th]] and [[89th Regiment of Foot|89th]] Regiments of Foot). In addition, in time it is intended to include in the database the names of many soldiers who served in what have become known as the Disbanded Irish Regiments, such as the Connaught Rangers, (88th and [[94th Regiment of Foot|94th]] Regiments of Foot), the Dublin Fusiliers ([[1st Madras (European) Fusiliers|102th]] and [[1st Bombay (European) Fusiliers| 103th]] Regiments of Foot) and the [[18th Regiment of Foot|(18th) Royal Irish Regiment]]. The Leinster Regiment ([[100th Regiment of Foot|100th]] and 109th Regiments of Foot) and the Royal Munster Fusiliers ([[1st Bengal (European) Fusiliers| 101st]] and [[2nd Bengal (European) Light Infantry|104th]] Regiments of Foot) also are part of this category.
== External Links ==Historical books online====*[http://enwww.wikipediaarchive.org/wikistream/88th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Highland_Volunteers) Highland Volunteers] Wikipedia<br>[http:historicalrecord00grea#page/n11/en.wikipedia.orgmode/wiki/88th_Regiment_of_Foot_(Connaught_Rangers) 88th 2up ''Historical Record of the Eighty-eighth Regiment of Footor Connaught Rangers, containing an account of the formation of the regiment in 1793, and of its subsequent services to 1837''] Wikipedia<br>1838 Archive.org**The Regiment was briefly in India in 1800, [http://enwww.wikipediaarchive.org/wiki/The_Connaught_Rangers Connaught Rangers] Wikipedia<br>[http:stream/historicalrecord00grea#page/en.wikipedia.org4/wikimode/2nd_Battalion2up page 4],_York_and_Lancaster_Regiment 2nd battalion York and Lancaster Regimentthen took part in the [[Egyptian Campaign 1801| Egyptian Campaign of 1801]] Wikipedia<br>*[httphttps://classic-web.archive.org/webdetails/20080113060520the-connaught-rangers-vol-1/www.regiments.orgpage/regimentsn11/ukmode/inf/088-793.htm 2up ''The Connaught Rangers Volume 1, 1st Battalion, formerly 88th Regiment of Foot (Connaught Rangers)'']; by Lieut.-Colonel H F N Jourdain and Edward Fraser 1924 Archive.org. :During the Great War, the Battalion fought on the Western Front, in Mesopotamia and Palestine. In 1919 the Battalion was posted to India, where there was a mutinous outbreak in 1920. The regiment was disbanded in 1922.:[httphttps://classic-web.archive.org/webdetails/20080118041722the-connaught-rangers-vol-2/www.regiments.org/regimentspage/ukn11/infmode/088Connt.htm 2up ''The Connaught RangersVolume 2, 2nd Battalion, formerly 94th Foot''] including by Lieut.-Colonel H F N Jourdain and Edward Fraser 1926 Archive.org. :During the Great War, the 2nd Battalion fought on the Western Front and was then amalgamated with the 1st Battalion.:[httphttps://classic-web.archive.org/webdetails/20080103044454connaughtrangersvol3/www.regiments.orgpage/deployn9/ukmode/reg2up ''The Connaught Rangers Volume 3, 5th and 6th Service Battalions 1914-inf/0881919''] by Lieut.-1Colonel H F N Jourdain and Edward Fraser 1928 Archive.org.htm The 1st Battalion deployments] Regiments.orgBattalions served at Gallipoli, Salonika, an archived sitePalestine and France.===Historical books online===
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=AE40AAAAMAAJ&pg=PR3 ''The autobiography and services of Sir James McGrigor, bart., late Director-General of the Army Medical Department, with an appendix of notes and original correspondence''] 1861 Google Books.
:C 1793 the author purchased his Surgeoncy in the 88th Regiment
*[https://archive.org/details/withconnaughtran00maxwrich ''With the Connaught Rangers in quarters, camp, and on leave''] by E.H. Maxwell.1883 Archive.org. The Regiment was in India 1857, [https://archive.org/stream/withconnaughtran00maxwrich#page/90/mode/2up page 90]-November 1870.
*[https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.31280/page/5/mode/2up "A North-East Frontier Cemetery"] by W J Buchanan page 6, ''Bengal, Past and Present'' Vol 9 July-Dec 1914. Gnatong on the trade route from Sikkhim to Tibet. Archive.org, mirror from ASI/IGNCA. Mentions the Connaught Rangers soldiers in the cemetery, whose role is briefly covered in [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.279182/page/n69/mode/2up?q=Connaught+Rangers ''Report on the Sikkim Expedition from January 1888 to January 1890''] by Lieutenant C. J. Markham 1890, prepared by the Intelligence Branch of the Quartermaster General in India. Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India.
==References==
<references/>
[[Category:British Army Infantry Regiments]]
