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:A description of the fascinating information contained in the appendices is explained in [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/untoldlives/2012/03/bengal-army-officers-names-nationalities-fatalities-and-a-phantom.html Bengal army officers names nationalities fatalities and a phantom]Untold Lives blog of the British Library.
:FIBIS has transcribed the indexes of these books, which are available on the [http://www.search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=152&s_id=39 FIBIS database].
:The [[LDS]] (Mormon) Family History Library has filmed the above books ([http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=281774 Library Catalogue entry]). This India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2000-09/0968665831 thread] recommends that all three LDS films be ordered, as there is a lot of cross referencing.
*[http://www.savannahpublications.com/info.php?itemid=155 Savannah Publications], London has published ''Officer Casualties of the Indian Armies 1803-1946'' by Anthony J. Farrington. The author was Director of the India Office Records collection at the British Library
==FIBIS resources==
*FIBIS database: [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=679&s_id=137 Soldiers’ and Widows’ Pension details -1896] IOR/ L/MIL/14/214 & 215. Includes previous members of the Bengal,[[Madras Army|Madras]] and [[Bombay Army|Bombay Armies]], including men from the [[Unattached List]]. May also include a few members of the [[Indian Army]] which officially was formed in 1895. These records are available on LDS microfilm 2029979 Items 1-2 with [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/show?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fcatalog-search-api%3A8080%2Fwww-catalogapi-webservice%2Fitem%2F774116 catalogue entry], however the FIBIS database record contains all the information available in the microfilm.<ref>India List [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2012-03/1332239460 post] by Peter Bailey dated 20 March 2012</ref>
*FIBIS database:[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=494&s_id=186 Applications for Cadetships in EIC Armies 1789-1860] includes Bengal Army. These are records for officers.
*FIBIS database: [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=378&s_id=14 War Services of Officers of the Bengal Army 1863]. Transcriptions from the book ''Ubique : War Services of all the Officers of HM's Bengal Army'' by Thomas C Anderson 1863
*Also see Books above.
*"Edward Squibb-Letters from a Bengal Cadet" by Charles Gordon Clark ''FIBIS Journal Number 28 (Autumn 2012)'' pages 15-24. Edward Squibb arrived in 1820. See [[FIBIS Journals]] for details of how to access this article
*"The Clark Brothers - Life in the Bengal Army" by Charles Gordon Clark ''FIBIS Journal Number 29 (Spring 2013)'' pages 3-14. Gordon Wyatt Clark arrived in 1842 age 20. See [[FIBIS Journals]] for details of how to access this article
→Historical books online
*[[Bengal Staff Corps]]
*[[Commissariat]]
==FIBIS resources==
*FIBIS database: [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=679&s_id=137 Soldiers’ and Widows’ Pension details -1896] IOR/ L/MIL/14/214 & 215. Includes previous members of the Bengal,[[Madras Army|Madras]] and [[Bombay Army|Bombay Armies]], including men from the [[Unattached List]]. May also include a few members of the [[Indian Army]] which officially was formed in 1895. These records are available on LDS microfilm 2029979 Items 1-2 ([https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/show?uri=http%3A%2F%2Fcatalog-search-api%3A8080%2Fwww-catalogapi-webservice%2Fitem%2F774116 catalogue entry]), however the FIBIS database record contains all the information available in the microfilm.<ref>Bailey, Peter [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/INDIA/2012-03/1332239460 Army Records] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 20 March 2012. Retrieved 21 December 2014.</ref>
*FIBIS database:[http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=494&s_id=186 Applications for Cadetships in EIC Armies 1789-1860] includes Bengal Army. These are records for officers.
*FIBIS database :[http://www.search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=152&s_id=39 Lives of the Officers of the Bengal Army, 1758-1834] Index to book of same name by V. C .P. Hodson, 4 vols. Recommended on [http://wiki.fibis.org/index.php/Military_reading_list#HEIC_armies Fibiwiki Military Reading List]
*FIBIS database: [http://search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=378&s_id=14 War Services of Officers of the Bengal Army 1863]. Transcriptions from the book ''Ubique : War Services of all the Officers of HM's Bengal Army'' by Thomas C Anderson 1863. This book is available on LDS microfilm 2105290 Item 2 ([https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/819733?availability=Family%20History%20Library catalogue entry]), however Peter Bailey has advised the FIBIS database record contains all the information available in the microfilm.
*"Edward Squibb-Letters from a Bengal Cadet" by Charles Gordon Clark ''FIBIS Journal Number 28 (Autumn 2012)'' pages 15-24. Edward Squibb arrived in 1820. See [[FIBIS Journals]] for details of how to access this article
*"The Clark Brothers - Life in the Bengal Army" by Charles Gordon Clark ''FIBIS Journal Number 29 (Spring 2013)'' pages 3-14. Gordon Wyatt Clark arrived in 1842 age 20. See [[FIBIS Journals]] for details of how to access this article
*"Captain Hunter: researching a memorial in Durham Cathedral" by Geoffrey Fox ''FIBIS Journal Number 31 (Spring 2014)'' pages 36-48. For access, see [[FIBIS Journals]]. Captain Hunter of the [[73rd Regiment of Bengal Native Infantry]] was killed in action 21 December 1845 at the [[Battle of Ferozeshah]]
==Records==
===British Library===
Records available in the [[British Library]] India Office holdings include:
*[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/records.aspx?cat=059r/86120e35-0b81-439a-iorlmil_5a6e5-5_2&ciddc1bd5f41e9f?src=1-15&kwsK=IOR/L/MIL/10#1-1 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%2310 Bengal Army Records '''IOR/L/MIL/10'''] 1716-1907 with subcategories**[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/records.aspx?cat=059r/995cc211-f492-iorlmil_54f37-1_29d12-14bf58cb76c68?src=6&cidsk=1-1-1#1-1-1 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23106 '''L/MIL/10/1-19''' Bengal Army Lists], 1781-1849.**[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/records.aspxr/fdbdf473-c50f-48dc-8a0f-14519aff6b7f?catsrc=059-iorlmil_5-5_16&cidsk=1-1-1#1-1-1 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23108 '''L/MIL/10/20-69''' Bengal Service Army Lists], 1759-1858**[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/r/records.aspxb601be4c-4b76-4323-a87e-70c50a437d2b?catsrc=059-iorlmil_5-5_16&cidsk=1-1-2#1-1-2 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23110 '''L/MIL/10/70-74''' Bengal Service Army Lists – Medical], c1765-1858**[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/r/records.aspxeaa89ddb-91a8-474a-aa22-14302d4147fd?catsrc=059-iorlmil_5-5_26&cidsk=1-1-1#1-1-1 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23111 '''L/MIL/10/75-102''' Bengal Services], 1860-1893**[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlmil_5r/dd87a554-6&cid=148cb-14242-1#1ba47-1-1 '''L/MIL/10/103-326 various subcategories, see within''']*** Please note that the records [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx664312e0eb6a?catsrc=059-iorlmil_5-6&cidsk=1-1-3#1-1-3 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23114'''IOR/L/MIL/10/122-129''' Registers of Bengal Army European Soldiers 1788-1860] Please note that these records were commenced in 1831 and only contain men still serving in the Army at that date. If a man left the Army prior to 1831 for any reason, including death, he will not appear in these records. The Muster records are an alternative source of information. **The Muster Rolls commence [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/browse/r/43dfa08e-aa5e-4a1e-b974-52796aaa98aa?src=6&sk=%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23115 '''IOR/L/MIL/10/130-185''']:The [[LDS]] (Mormons) have filmed many of these records as listed in this LDS Library . [httphttps://www.familysearch.org/engcatalog/librarysearch Search the Microfilm catalogue] by entering keywords such as Bengal Army. In particular, [https:/fhlcatalog/supermainframesetfamilysearch.asporg/search/catalog/695515?displayavailability=titlehitlist&columns=*Family%20History%2C02C0&keyword=20Library “Registers of Bengal+Army+records&prekeywordEuropean soldiers, 1788-1860”] and [https://familysearch.org/search/catalog/644896?availability=Bengal+Family%20History%20Library “Bengal Army+records catalogue entrymuster rolls and casualty returns, 1716-1860”] are available.([[FamilySearch Centres#Ordering microfilms|Ordering microfilms]], after a keyword search for Bengal Army Records)*[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/records.aspxr/6676bb2e-0366-44b1-8068-b31d156396d2?catsrc=059-iorlmil_8-2_26&cidsk=1-1-1#1-1-1 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23176 Military Department Library: Bengal Army '''IOR/L/MIL/17/2'''] 1791-1903 includes**[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/records.aspxr/4302b8c4-c799-4370-bbc0-6cf4721e4b68?catsrc=059-iorlmil_8-2_27&cidsk=1-1-1-1#1-1-1-1 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23438 Bengal Army List '''IOR/L/MIL/17/2/1-267'''] 1819-1889**[http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2abrowse/records.aspxr/17f5f395-08fa-4bc8-bbde-b27bd5545d79?catsrc=059-iorlmil_8-2_27&cidsk=1-1-1-31#1-1-1-31 %23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23%23449 Bengal Army: General and Regimental Histories, Biographical Compilations, Indian Mutiny '''IOR/L/MIL/17/2/474-505'''] 1845-1927*Soldiers’ and Officers’ Wills '''IOR/L/AG/34/30''' 1825-1881 (varies according to Presidency and whether a soldier or an officer). These records are available on [[Findmypast|findmypast]]
=====Individuals=====
*Catalogue entry [http://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2adetails/records.aspx?cat=059-f4_17&cid=1-1-67rd/059fc218-2#1d15d-14342-67aab2-2 0e47e3ee9d4d IOR/F/4/1454/57020 Apr 1831-Dec 1832] Trial, in the Calcutta Supreme Court, of Anne Louisa Ramsay, for the attempted murder, at Delhi Cantonments on 9 Apr 1831, of Lieutenant George Richard Talbot of the 8th Bengal Native Infantry - her husband, Allan Ramsay, formerly a Lieutenant in the 8th Bengal Native Infantry is charged with aiding and abetting the attempted murder - both parties are acquitted (includes a transcript of the proceedings of the original Court of Enquiry, depositions of witnesses, etc).
===Books===
*''Lives of the Officers of the Bengal Army, 1758-1834'' by V. C .P. Hodson, 4 vols. (London, 1927-47) Note that the dates refer to the date of joining the Army. Alphabetically arranged and annotated with biographical and genealogical notices, giving details of: (1) rank and brief career history (2) family information (3) service records: regiments or battalions in which the officer served (4) references to wills if they exist, to monumental inscriptions, or to mentions in publications. The [[British Library]] shelfmark is OIR.355.332.
*:A description of the fascinating information contained in the appendices is explained in [http://britishlibrary.typepad.co.uk/untoldlives/2012/03/bengal-army-officers-names-nationalities-fatalities-and-a-phantom.html Bengal army officers names nationalities fatalities and a phantom] Untold Lives blog of the British Library.
*:FIBIS has transcribed the indexes of these books, which are available on the [http://www.search.fibis.org/frontis/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=152&s_id=39 FIBIS database].
*:The [[LDS]] (Mormon) Family History Library has filmed the above books ([http://www.familysearch.org/eng/library/fhlcatalog/supermainframeset.asp?display=titledetails&titleno=281774 Library Catalogue entry]). It has been recommended that all three LDS films be ordered, as there is a lot of cross referencing. <ref>Murphy , Sylvia [http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2000-09/0968665831 ''Author - Major VCP Hodson'' ] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' Sept 2000. Retrieved 21 December 2014 </ref>
*[http://www.savannahpublications.com/info.php?itemid=99 Savannah Publications], London has reprinted ''Ubique: War Services of Officers of the Bengal Army'' by T.C. Anderson, originally published 1863. Index data from this book is available on the FIBIS database, refer [[Bengal Army#Fibis resources|above]]
== External Links ==
*[http://www.lib.mq.edu.au/digital/seringapatam/grand.html#a Officers biographies - Bengal and Madras Armies] from Macquarie University’s ''Seringapatam 1799''
*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=HvE_Pa_ZlfsC&pg=PA268&lpg=PA45&dq=Bengal%20Army&source=bl&ots=8BC29vkD0x&sig=ONYPQAN3-W8X9y785PowrLFzUq8&hl=en&ei=DsDASfCbB-TGjAe0icEo&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=9&ct=result#PPA45,M1 The Bengal Army] in ''The Victorians at war, 1815-1914: an encyclopedia of British military history'' by Harold E. Raugh, 2004
*[http://usacac.army.mil/cac2/CGSC/CARL/nafziger/857DAB.pdf General Distribution Return of Her Majesty's and the East India Company's Troops Serving in the Presidency of Fort William (Bengal) Showing the Number and Strength of Each Station, 1 April 1857] [[British Army#Locating a regiment|The Nafziger Collection]] of Orders of Battle (page 171 of the Finding Aid)
===Historical books online===
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=IZFeAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP7 ''The New Regulations for the Bengal Army ; According to the Minutes of the Council and General Orders Issued in Fort William During the Months of May and June 1796''] Google Books*[http://www.archive.org/stream/alphabeticallist00dodwrich#page/n7/mode/2up ''Alphabetical List of the Officers of the Bengal Army from 1760 to 1834''] compiled by Dodwell and Miles, 1838. Archive.org*. [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=kMOEAAAAIAAJ&printsec=frontcoverGoogle Books edition]*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=yWIUAAAAQAAJ&dqpg=Alphabetical+list+PP9 ''An historical account of the rise and progress of+the+Officers+Bengal Native Infantry, from its first formation in 1757, to 1796 when the present regulations took place, together with a detail of+thethe the services on which the several battalions have been employed''Alphabetical List of ] by the Officers late Captain John Williams, Bengal Army, 1817 Google Books. The following coloured illustrations have been noted: [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=yWIUAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP8 Subadar], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=yWIUAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA170-IA2 Grenadier Sepoy], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=yWIUAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA330-IA2 Light Infantry Sepoy]*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=scJCAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA1 ''A collection of facts and documents relative to batta, &c. with other pending questions concerning the Bengal Indian Army , compiled from 1760 the proceedings of the East India officers A.D. 1793 to 18341796, the general orders and other official sources; with short arguments and marginal notes for current use''] compiled by Dodwell . Calcutta , Samuel Smith and Miles, 1838 (Co. 1829 Google Books)
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/historyriseandp00broogoog#page/n8/mode/2up ''History of the Rise and Progress of the Bengal Army, Volume 1''] by Arthur Broome 1850 (www.archive.org)
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/presidentialarmi00carnrich#page/n5/mode/2up ''The Presidential Armies of India''] by Colonel S Rivett-Carnac 1890 Archive.org has chapters on the Bengal Army
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=z1MBAAAAQAAJ ''The Officer's Complete Guide''] by Lieut. Archibald Swiney Haig 55th Regiment Bengal Infantry (published 1856) - contains General Orders, pay regulations etc (Google Books)
*''Report of the Commissioners Appointed to Inquire into the Sanitary State of the Army in India : with Abstract of Evidence, and of Reports Received from Indian Military Stations'' 1864 Archive.org
**[https://archive.org/stream/b21452404#page/344/mode/2up Abstract of Sanitary Details in Reports from Principal Military Stations in India. Bengal Presidency] page 345
**[https://archive.org/stream/b21452404#page/522/mode/2up Remarks on the Climate of Stations. Bengal Presidency] page 523. Note that [[Singapore]] and [[Penang]] appear in this latter section, together with the military stations in [[Burma]]. However, a detailed description of the stations in Burma appears in the section on the [[Madras Army|Madras Presidency]].
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=lYQIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP7 ''First Annual Report of the Sanitary Commission for Bengal, 1864-65''] Google Books. Mainly in respect of the Army
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/medicalandsanit00unkngoog#page/n4/mode/1up ''Medical And Sanitary Report of the Native Army of Bengal for the year 1875''] Archive.org
*''Memoir of the late Lieut.-Colonel Richard Scott (From his Private Journals)'' from ''The Naval and Military Magazine Volumes 1, 2 , 3 and 3 4'' 1827-1828'' Google Books and Archive.org:[http://books.google.com/books?id=sIQEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA147 Part 1– Appointed 1768], [http://books.google.com/books?id=sIQEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA382 Part 2- Sir Eyre Coote's Campaigns of 1781, 1782, and 1783], [http://wwwbooks.google.archivecom.org/stream/navalmilitarymag02londuoft#page/48/mode/2upau/ books?id=hZoMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA49 Part 3- Campaigns in India –includes General Stuart's Operations; General Goddard's March; and the Proceedings of the Bombay Army and its Government], [http://wwwbooks.archivegoogle.orgcom.au/stream/navalmilitarymag02londuoft#page/396/mode/2up books?id=hZoMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA396 Part 4- includes Popham’s Capture of Gwalior; General Goddard’s Operations, Campaigns of Lord Cornwallis, Siege of Bangalore], [http://books.google.com/books?id=PYcEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA4 Part 5 March to Seringapatum], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=upkMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA12 Part 6], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=upkMAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA353 Part 7]
:[http://books.google.com/books?id=-EbRAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA315 "Lieutenant -Colonel Richard Scott"] from ''The East India Military Calendar: Containing the Services of General and Field Officers of the Indian Army, Volume 1'', page 315 by by John Philippart 1823 Google Books
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/navalmilitarymag02londuoft#page/540/mode/2up "Major General Littellus Burrell"] c1753-1827 ''Naval and Military Magazine Volume 2'' 1827, page 540 Archive.org
*''Memoirs and correspondence of Field-Marshal Viscount Combermere'' by the Right Hon Mary, Vicountess Combermere and Capt W W Knollys 1866 Archive.org [https://archive.org/details/memoirsandcorre00knolgoog Volume I], [https://archive.org/details/memoirsandcorre01knolgoog Volume II]. Volume I includes a period in India from 1796 with the then [[22nd Light Dragoons|25th Light Dragoons]]. Volume II covers the period as Commander-in Chief in India 1825-1830.
*''Pen and pencil sketches being the journal of a tour in India'' by Captain Mundy, late Aide-de-Camp to Lord Combermere 1832 Google Books [https://archive.org/details/penandpencilske00mundgoog Volume I], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=Bg5UAAAAcAAJ&pg=PR5#v=twopage Volume II]
*''From Cadet to Colonel: the Record of a Life of Active Service'' by Sir Thomas Seaton 1866 Google Books [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=bUEoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR5 Volume 1] He arrived in Calcutta on 1 January 1823 to join the Bengal Army [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=RkEoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR5 Volume 2] includes the Indian Mutiny. The author retired 1 June 1859
*[https://archive.org/details/myserviceinindi00vauggoog ''My service in the Indian Army – and after''] by General Sir John Luther Vaughan 1904 Archive.org. He joined the Bengal Army in 1841 and had to retire c 1870 as there was no position for him. At the start of the [[2nd Afghan War]] he became special military correspondent for the war for ''The Times''
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=iQ8NAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP7 ''Narrative of the mutiny of the officers of the army in Bengal, in the year 1766''] Sir Henry Strachey, 1773 Google Books
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=V50bAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA445 "Baggage of the Indian Army"] ''Calcutta Review, Volume 11 January-June 1849'', page 445 Google Books
*[https://archive.org/details/tomrawgriffinbur00doylrich ''From Cadet to ColonelTom Raw, the Griffin: a burlesque poem, in twelve cantos: illustrated by twenty-five engravings, descriptive of the Record adventures of a Life cadet in the East India company's service, from the period of Active Servicehis quitting England to his obtaining a staff situtation in India'' ] by “a Civilian and an Officer on the Bengal Establishment” (Sir Thomas Seaton 1866 Google Books Charles D'Oyly) 1828 Archive.org*[httphttps://booksarchive.google.com.auorg/details/books?id=bUEoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR5 Volume 1] He arrived guidetotranslite00lyalrich ''Guide to the transliteration of Hindu and Muhammadan names in Calcutta on 1 January 1823 to join the Bengal Army [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=RkEoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR5 Volume 2''] includes the Indian Mutinyby C J Lyall, Bengal Civil Service 3rd edition 1892 Archive. The author retired 1 June 1859org
== References ==
