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==History==
The city was [[Portuguese]] controlled from 1534 and under British rule from 1661 when it was received by Charles II as part of his marriage dowry from his Portuguese wife, Catherine De Braganza. In 1668 it was granted to the [[East India Company]] for a lease of ten pounds a year. Until the 18th century, Bombay consisted of seven islands. The islands were merged to form the present day location of the city.
Compared to the other [[Presidencies]], Bombay was of minor significance before 1800. The English were very much the minority. Recognising this, a liberal attitude encouraged progressive Indian cotton merchants, this freedom resulted in Bombay's economic importance. It was the cotton industry that spurred economic migration to the city from surrounding rural areas, and saw Bombay’s population grow rapidly:
*Year Population
*1700 10,000
*1800 100,000
*1900 775 000
Following the [[Battle of Kirkee]] 1817 and the defeat of the Peshwas, the Bhor Ghat road to [[Poona]] opened 1830, allowing greater access to the Deccan cotton fields. Railways much improved goods transport, the [[Great Indian Peninsula Railway]] (GIPR)opened in 1864 which allowed Bombay to exploit the demand for cotton resulting from the American Civil War’s blockade of its southern ports(1860-1865). The opening of the Suez Canal 1869 further improved the export trade to England. The resultant economic boom saw wealthy businessmen sponsor many civic buildings – University Library Buildings, Jamseti Jijibhoy School of Art, and the Mechanics institute. From the 1860‘s many municipal improvement schemes focused on improving health and sanitation.
[[Image:Marine Lines Bombay.jpg|right|thumb|300px|Marine Lines Bombay]]
[[Image:The Yacht Club Bombay.jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Yacht Club Bombay]]
*St Nicholas
==Schools==
The English established the Bombay Education Society 1815 with the primary object of educating European and Anglo-Indian children. But from the very beginning the society admitted Indian children to its schools without making religious education compulsory. In 1818 the society started English schools in Bombay city. In 1820 it established a separate committee, the Bombay Native Education Society to look after the education of Indian children
*Fort Proprietary School was opened in 1859.
==Orphan Schools==
Refer [[Orphans#Bombay|Orphans-Bombay]]
==Teritary Education==
*Elphinstone College 1835
*Grant Medical Institution 1845
*Bombay Law School
*The Government Law College, 1855
*Wilson College
*St Xavier’s College
*The Sydenham College
*Jamseti Jijibhoy School of Art
*Victoria Jubilee Technical Institute
==Hospitals==
*European General Hosp.
*Cama Hospital opened on the Esplanade in August 1886
*Bomanji Edulji Albless Obstetric Hospital in 1890
*St. George's Hospital Government (for Europeans) in December 1892
*The Gokuldas Tejpal Hospital 1868
*Acworth Leprosy Hospital , Wadala was established in 1890
*National Medical College on 4 September 1921
*Nowrosjee Wadia Maternity Hospital in 1927
*Bai Jerbai Wadia Hospital for Children in 1929
*Seth Gordhandas Sunderdas Medical College was started in June 1925,
*King Edward Memorial Hospital in February 1926
*The Nair Hospital Dental College
*The Ismail Yusuf College, established in 1929-30
==Newspapers==
*Bombay Chronicle, 1918-1933
*[[Times of India]], 1873-1942
*Bombay Gazette,
*Advocate of India (Anglo-Indian)
==Military==
*HQ of Bombay Brigade in Poona Division of the Western Command
*Garrison
*3 companies of artillery,
*2 Native infantry,
*5 corps volunteers: [[Bombay Light Horse]], [[Bombay Voluntary Artillery]], [[GIPR Volunteers]], [[CIR Volunteers]], [[Bombay Volunteer Rifles]],
*Royal Indian Marines
==External links==
*[http://www.lib.mq.edu.au/digital/lema/gallery/india.html Eight Views of Bombay by James Wales (1791-1795)] from Macquarie University’s Lachlan and Elizabeth Macquarie Archive
[[Category:Locations]]
[[Category:Bombay]]
