Changes

It In order to ensure that the terms of the Covenant were respected, it was common with commercial and government practice to obtain ‘Guarantees’ from (Royalusually) controlled enterprises in earlier years, in which two citizens were employed to undertake paid services(or, ‘Sureties’) of repute. They would be required to require them issue '''bonds''' whereby they undertook to sign pay a Covenant certain sum of good behaviour and to limit their activities to money in the event that the employee broke the requirements terms of their employerhis Covenant.

In order to ensure that This was the terms of practice adopted by the Covenant were respected[[Honourable East India Company]] for all its employees, it was practice to obtain ‘Guarantees’ from (usually) two citizens (or, ‘Sureties’) its inception in 1600 until its loss of reputemonopoly in India in 1834 and sometimes beyond. They would be required Every British citizen wishing to issue bonds whereby they undertook travel to pay a certain sum India required the authority of money the Company and, in general, was only given that authority if he was an employee of the event that Company. Exceptions to this were soldiers of the employee broke [[East India Company Army|Companies armies]] and officers and soldiers of the terms [[British Army]] travelling to India, but they were subject to other military forms of his Covenantobligation to the Company.

This was the practice adopted by the Honourable East India Company for all its employees, from its inception in 1600 until its loss of monopoly in India in 1834 and sometimes beyond==FIBIS resources==The FIBIS database contains [http://fibis.ourarchives.online/bin/aps_browse_sources. Every British citizen wishing to travel to India required the authority php?mode=browse_classes&source_class=40 two lists] of the Company andindividuals undertaking early Bonds, Covenants, in generaletc, was only given that authority if he was an employee covering thousands of the Companynames:*[http://fibis.ourarchives.online/bin/aps_browse_sources. Exceptions to this were soldiers php?mode=browse_classes&source_class=40 Early Bonds 1607-1770] - An index of names. The Bonds themselves have long since been lost.*[http://fibis.ourarchives.online/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=150&s_id=40 Miscellaneous Bonds 1814-1865] issued by the Companies armies and officers and soldiers Company after an Act of the British Army travelling Parliament in 1813, lifting restrictions on travel to Indiaof Missionaries, but they were subject to other military forms of obligation to the Company.Tradesmen – and Women!

A list of individuals undertaking early Bonds, Covenants, etc. may be found in the ‘Search’ section of this web-site. It is an index of names. The Bonds themselves have long since been lost. The site also contains an index of ‘Miscellaneous Bonds’, issued by the Company after an Act of Parliament in 1813, lifting restrictions on travel to India of Missionaries, Tradesmen – and Women! The major series of Bonds and Covenants, to be found in the ‘O’ series in the [[India Office Records ]] at the [[British Library]], are those issued in respect of Writers[[Writer]]s, Factors and other Civil Servants of the Company’s Trading serviceas mentioned in this B.L. [http://www.bl.uk:80/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/india/indiaofficerecordsfamilyhistory/occupations/civilservice/civilservice.html link]

 == A. =Example of a ‘Bond’ ===

== B. = Example of an Indenture (Covenant) ===