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In 1773 antagonism arose in the British colonies – particularly North America- against the East India Company’s monopoly of the [[tea|tea trade]]. This resulted in the Boston Tea Party, (wherein tea, carried by the [[ East India Company]] to Boston harbour, was thrown overboard into the water), - which was one of the events leading up to the subsequent American War of Independence. The effects of this also rebounded on the coffee trade – as can be evidenced by the [[1780 Europa Act]] .

The coffee industry has remained centred in the hills of Southern India. The early nineteenth century saw an increased growth in coffee planting – the activity having spread to the Shevaroy Hills (notably at [[Yercaud]]) and the [[Nilgiri Hills|NiligirisNilgiris]] ([[Kotagiri]] and [[Coonoor]]). This was not long after the first coffee house in India had opened in [[Calcutta]](c 1780) which was followed by others – thus increasing its popularity as a fashionable drink.

It is noted that Catherine Falls near Kotagiri is named after the wife of M D Cockburn, district collector of [[Salem]], who is said to be the person responsible for introducing the coffee plant to Yercaud in 1820. In 1843 he established the first coffee estate in Kotagiri.

====Historical books online====*''Life in the Jungle or Letters from a Coffee-Planter in Ceylon to his Cousin in London'' by Sampson Brown. ''Simmond's Colonial Magazine and Foreign Miscellany, Volumes 10 and 11'' 1847. Google Books and Hathi Trust. [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=2YkVAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA13 Page 13], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=2YkVAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA150 page 150], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=2YkVAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA323 page 323], [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=2YkVAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA376 page 376], [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015062925592?urlappend=%3Bseq=22 page 14], [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015062925592?urlappend=%3Bseq=163 page 155], [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015062925592?urlappend=%3Bseq=406 page 401]. First published as a book in Colombo 1845 under a slightly different title: [https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YZdeAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP9 ''Life in the Jungle or Letters from a Planter to his Cousin in London''] Google Books. (Print quality is poorer in the latter version).*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Cn4SAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA191 "Ceylon. Coffee Planting"] page 191 ''Supplement (No.I) to the Eight Report from the Select Committee on Sugar and Coffee Planting''. British Parliamentary Papers. Reports 1847-8. Seventeenth Volume –Part IV. Also called Volume 23, Part 4‬. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=Cn4SAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PR3 Index]. Google Books.*[https://archive.org/stream/ceylonaccountofi02tenn#page/222/mode/2up "Gampola and the Coffee Regions"] page 222 ''Ceylon: An Account of the Island, Physical, Historical, and Topographical, with Notices of Its Natural History, Antiquities and Productions‬, Volume II'' by Sir James Emerson Tennent 4th edition, thoroughly revised 1860. Includes [https://archive.org/stream/ceylonaccountofi02tenn#page/n261/mode/1up Map of Coffee Estates] which requires strong magnification. Additional versions of the same map [http://dfg-viewer.de/show/?tx_dlf%5Bid%5D=http%3A%2F%2Fapi.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de%2Fitems%2FOU3XZDEXKDCEQK5BRSGHQSDAXEEOVKCN%2Fsource&tx_dlf%5Bpage%5D=257&tx_dlf%5Bdouble%5D=0&cHash=6f7d2008dc9ab7311e5a14ac69f24de9 Deutsche Digitale Bibliothek], [http://digital.staatsbibliothek-berlin.de/werkansicht/?PPN=PPN669705136&DMDID=DMDLOG_0016 Staatsbibliothek Berlin]*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WBYAAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=coffe+southern+india#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''A Handbook to coffee planting in Southern India''] by John ShortShortt (1864). Particularly useful for its list of coffee planters on the Shevaroy and Niligiri Hills and descriptions of these estates. (pages 164-176)Google Books*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=tfMYRwkRylECfYJIAAAAYAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dqpg=PP7 ''Coffee: its physiology, history, and cultivation adapted as a work of reference for Ceylon, Wynaad, Coorg and The Neilgherries''] by Edmund C.P. Hull 1865 Google Books*[https://archive.org/details/aconciseessayon00thwagoog ''A concise essay on the medical treatment of Malabar coolies employed on the coffee+planting+estates of Ceylon and India''] by J. Thwaites M D 1865 Archive.org*''The Experiences of a Planter in+southern+indiathe Jungles of Mysore'' by Robert H Elliot 1871. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=ONAMoXQpsVwC&as_brrpg=PR3 Volume I] Google Books, [https://archive.org/details/experiencesapla00elligoog/page/n8 Vol. I Archive.org] [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951p01118998b?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 Volume II] HathiTrust Digital Library. [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/umn.31951p01118998b?urlappend=%3Bseq=316 Health management of plantation coolies] page 290, Vol. II. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=3gRs7AQAAMAAJ&cdpg=1PR1 Vol. II Google Books]. Includes Coffee, Chinchona, Cardamon, Tea, Cotton, Silk, Sandal-Wood, Rhea-Grass.:[https://archive.org/details/goldsportcoffeep01elli/page/n8 ''Gold, Sport and Coffee Planting in Mysore''] by Robert H Elliot 1894 Archive.org.*[http://www.archive.org/stream/coffeeplantingin00hullrich#vpage/n7/mode/2up ''Coffee planting in Southern India and Ceylon''] by ECP Hull 1877 Archive.org*[https://archive.org/details/coffeeplantersma00brow ''The Coffee Planter's Manual''] by the late Alex.Brown, Kandy. Thoroughly revised with notes by Practical Planters in 1880. [2nd edition]. First published 1872 Archive.org*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=onepageEf8aAAAAYAAJ&qpg=&f=false PA1 ''The Coffee Tree and its Enemies: Being Observations on the Natural History of the Enemies of the Coffee Tree in Ceylon''] by the late John Nietner, 2nd edition, revised 1880. There are no Plates in the digital file. Google Books.*[http://archive.org/stream/onindianhillsorc00arnoiala#page/n9/mode/2up ''On the Indian Hills : Or, Coffee Planting -planting in Southern India''] by Edwin Lester Linden Arnold. A new edition, with illustrations 1893 Archive.org. Also: [http://archive. Limited previeworg/stream/onindianhillsorc01arnoiala#page/n3/mode/2up Volume 1 1881 edition],google books*[http://archive.org/stream/onindianhillsorc02arnoiala#page/n3/mode/2up Volume 2 1881 edition] [http://books.google.com/books?id=3bSOal-tUZsCtfMYRwkRylEC&pgprintsec=PA11frontcover&dq=coffee+planting+in+mysoresouthern+contentsindia&as_brr=3&cd=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false Limited preview,google books]*[http://archive.org/stream/wynaadandplanti00fordgoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''The Wynaad and the Planting Industry of Southern India''] by Francis Ford 1895 Archive.org*[https://archive.org/details/wideworldmagazin2022unse/page/n565 "A Weird Experience"] by W A Gilbert, a coffeeplanter in the Nellampatty Hills in Cochin, in 1897. Page 137 (digital page 566) ''The Wide World Magazine'' June 1908 Archive.org*''The Planters' Chronicle''. Published at Madras by the United Planters' Association of Southern India. Initially a monthly, in early 1910 it became a weekly, and remained so until 1930, with a bimonthly journal during World War II. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=title%3A%28%22Planters+Chronicle%22%29&sort=date ''Planters Chronicle''] Archive.org, mirrors from Digital Library of India. A broken range of editions from 1906-1915.*[https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%22United+Planters%20planting22++%20in22Southern+India%20mysore22%20contents29&fsort=false date ''Proceedings Of The United Planters Association Of Southern India''Gold], or similar titles. Archive.org, mirrors from Digital Library of India. Broken range of editions from 1910 to 1929.*[https://archive.org/search. Sport and php?query=title%3A%28Tea+And+Coffee+Trade+Journal%29&sort=date '' The Tea And Coffee Planting Trade Journal''] published in MysoreNew York. Archive.org, mirrors from Digital Library of India. Broken range of editions from Vol.33, 1917 to Vol.39, 1920.*[https://archive.org/details/EconomicPlantsOfTheNilgiris ''Horticultural and economic plants of the Nilgiris''] edited by Robert H Elliott (2007) – original copyright 1898S Krishnamurthi 1953 Includes Tea, coffee, chinchona etc Archive.org* ''Planting Directory Of Southern India 1956''. Published by the United Planters Association Of Southern India. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.40905 Archive. Limited previeworg], google booksmirror from Digital Library of India.

*[http{{#widget://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_filter_coffee Indian filter coffee]wikipedia. Article giving an interesting account of coffee drinking habits with topical quotes.Google PlusOne*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M._D._Cockburn M D Cockburn] wikipedia|size=small*[http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/india/2009-07/1246841661 Early Coffee plantations in the Wayanad] India List posting which contains an extract from a relevant publication|count=true*[http://tidsskrift.dk/visning.jsp?markup=&print=no&id=71567 Evolution of Plantations, Migration, and Population Growth in Nilgiris and Coorg (South India) ] Article by Steen Folke. -tidsskrift.dk}}