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===Brief History===
"The Dutch sent their first fleet to the East in 1595. Being commercial realists they went straight to the source of the spice trade in the East Indies, established themselves at Batavia (now, as previous to their arrival, called Jakarta), and proceeded to oust the Portuguese. Then they established a chain of posts through Ceylon and Capetown to connect themselves with their home base and proceeded to develop a great Asian network of trade by which they planned to earn resources needed to purchase spices without drawing on the silver bullion which was in chronic short supply in northern Europe. India came within their purview only as a link in their great commerical chain. It was a source of textiles for sale in the East Indies in exchange for spices while the extreme south and Ceylon were valuable for their own supplies of pepper, cardamom and cinnamon. The Dutch had 'factories' or warehouses as far north as Agra but they took no part in politics or cultural contacts. Their eccentric tombs at Surat and their factories at Cochin and Negapatam are their principal memorials in India. Only in Ceylon did they exercise dominion in the plains from Colombo and leave a living memorial in the Burgher community."<ref> Spear, ''A History of India'' (Volume Two) (1978) pp.65-68 </ref>
"It is noticeable that the best jobs, merchants, administrators and
ships officers were nearly all of Dutch origin, but that the more
marginal roles as sailors, (who could expect to return home every two
years or so) and even less popular jobs as soldiers, who would
probably struggle to get home after ten or more years, if ever, came
from further afield", many of [[German]] origin from parts of
Western Germany.<ref>Balmer, Nick. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210709055054/https://groups.io/g/india-british-raj/message/585 VOC Records] ''<nowiki>india-british-raj@groups.io</nowiki>'' 7 July 2021. Retrieved 21 July 2021.</ref>
===Individuals===
Also see [[Dutch#FIBIS resources|FIBIS resources]], below.
Some Scots are stated to have served with the Dutch East India Company.<ref>
[https://flemish.wp.st-andrews.ac.uk/2015/11/13/migration-from-scotland-before-1700/ "Migration from Scotland before 1700"] by David Dobson
November 2015. st-andrews.ac.uk. Includes a very brief statement "Scots soldiers and sailors served in the armies of the Netherlands and in their fleets, as well as those of the Dutch East India Company … in the Early Modern Period."</ref>
==FIBIS resources==
''Monumental remains of the Dutch East India Company in the Presidency of Madras'', by Alexander Rea, originally published 1897, is available online, refer Historical books online, below.
The book ''In Memoriam Burma-Siam 1942-1945'', published in Bangkok in 1946 (Dutch language) in respect of Dutch war graves is available at the British Library UIN: BLL01011257081 , and also at the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah - [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/4286496 catalogue entry with details of contents]. Also at the Family History Library in Salt Lake City, Utah [https://www.familysearch.org/search/catalog/1037473 catalogue entry] for ''[List of deceased World War Two-era Dutch military personnel in Burma and Siam]'', 1946, Dutch language, source Nederlandsch Hoofdkwartier Bangkok, Kantoor Personeele Zaken Afd. Inlichtingen Overledenen (Dutch Headquarters Bangkok, Office Personnel Affairs Dept. Information Deceased).
== Records at the National Archives of the Netherlands==
*[http://www.gahetna.nl/ National Archives of the Netherlands] - website can be accessed in [http://www.gahetna.nl/en English]. Contains records relating to men of the Dutch East India Company.
*Located in the same building as the National Archives at The Hague but a separate organization, is the 'Centraal Bureau voor Genealogie' (Central Bureau for Genealogy - CBG), the Dutch information and documentation centre for genealogy, family history and related sciences. Researchers visiting this centre found some copies of records relating to British [[Ceylon]] christenings.<ref> Andresen, Larry & Coreen [https://web.archive.org/web/20200122062739/https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/srilanka.rootsweb.com/thread/4877182/ British Ceylon christening records in The Hague] ''Rootsweb Srilanka Mailing List'', 01 January 2007 and [https://web.archive.org/web/20200814235255/https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/srilanka.rootsweb.com/thread/4837756/ 02 January 2007] Retrieved 22 May 2019., now archived</ref>
Refer [[Dutch#External links|External links below]] for both organisations.
== Associations ==
*If you had Dutch ancestors who lived in India, a useful association is the Indische Genealogische Vereniging (IGV) or Dutch Indies Genealogical Association. Although their main focus is what is now called Indonesia, the [[Dutch Indies Genealogical Association]] can also help with Dutch genealogy in India. The Fibiwiki page includes a research guide from the IGV and details of historical genealogy publications containing records, available to buy (Dutch language).
* [http://www.dutchburgherunion.org/ Dutch Burgher Union of Ceylon] - Website contains much information including journals containing various family histories [http://www.dutchburgherunion.org/journals/vol_31_40/JDBU%20Vol%2040%20No%202%20-%201950%281%29.pdf Example]
*[http://www.academia.edu/1787722/_Gold-Leaf_Flattery_Calcuttan_Dust_and_a_Brand_New_Flagpole._Five_Little-Known_VOC_Collections_in_Asia_on_India_and_Ceylon_Itinerario_36_1_2012_ "Gold-Leaf Flattery, Calcuttan Dust, and a Brand New Flagpole: Five Little-Known VOC Collections in Asia on India and Ceylon"] by Lennart Bes ''Itinerario'' Volume 36 Issue 01 April 2012, pp 91 - 106.
*[http://en.nationaalarchief.nl Nationaal Archief (National Archives of the Netherlands)]
:Under Research[https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/zoekhulpen/overzicht-van-archieven-over-de-voc-in-het-nationaal-archief#collapse-5951 "Overzicht van archieven over de VOC in het Nationaal Archief"] Includes Databases.:[https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/zoekhulpen/scheepswrakken Page with details of the Archives] including:*[https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/archief/ Indexes there 1.04.02 1.04.02 Inventaris van het archief van de Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC), 1602-1795 (1811)]: There are a number of '''databases''' relevant to India, including under the headings Oost-Indië, and VOC. :*In particular [https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/en/research/index/nt00444?searchTerm= '''VOC: Opvarenden'''] (English version) Searchable database. From the [https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/index/nt00444?searchTerm= Dutch version] there is a [https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/zoekhulpen/voc-opvarenden Research guide in Dutch] consisting of an Introductory section and four additional sections. The [https://www.nationaalarchief.nl/onderzoeken/zoekhulpen/voc-opvarenden#collapse-8034 Google translate English version] however only translates the initial section, so you will need to copy and paste the remainder in Use [https://translate.google.com.au Google Translate], unless your web browser automatically performs this function.::As far as can be determined the above database is the current version (at 2019/11) of a previous Nationaal Archief separate website "VOC-Sea Voyagers" which advised it was a searchable free database which was a comprehensive index of ships’ pay-ledgers. The ship's pay-ledgers form the basis of the personnel-administration of the 'VOC' or Dutch East India Company. For each departing ship all employees sailing with her were registered, amounting to some 655.000 persons over the period 1700-1794. There were four categories of sea-voyagers and there was a statement that the soldiers were mainly from German-speaking areas. The previous website is available [https://web.archive.org/web/20170114183520/http://vocopvarenden.nationaalarchief.nl/ archived] in Dutch including [https://web.archive.org/web/20161227172844/http://vocopvarenden.nationaalarchief.nl/Inleiding.aspx Inleiding] and [https://web.archive.org/web/20161227172844/http://vocopvarenden.nationaalarchief.nl/Inleiding.aspx Wat vind ik in de database?] Use Google Translate .::[https://translatedutchshipsandsailors.google.com.au/translate?sl=nl&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20161227172844%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fvocopvarenden.nationaalarchief.nl%2FInleiding.aspx PrefaceDutch Ships and Sailors] and [https://translate Includes VOC.google.comIncludes databases to Search.au/translate?sl=nl&tl=en&u=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20160421072822%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fvocopvarenden.nationaalarchiefdutchshipsandsailors.nl%2FInleiding.aspx%3Fp%3D2 What can I find in the database?]
::There is a database on Ancestry <ref>[https://www.ancestry.co.uk/search/collections/61290/ Netherlands, Dutch East India Company Crew Index, 1633-1795] Ancestry. The source is stated to be a database VOC-Opvarenden from WieWasWie (a pay website).</ref> (pay website) which is believed to be the above database, although Ancestry does not credit the Nationaal Archief as the source.
:Also see the website TANAP above for more details of records at the Nationaal Archief.
:[http://dissertationreviews.org/archives-verenigde-oost-indische-compagnie-hague/ Dutch East India Company Archives] by Jurre Knoest. A review of The Archives of the Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie (VOC) (Dutch East India Company) kept at the National Archives (The Hague, The Netherlands) Undated. dissertationreviews.org
:[https://web.archive.org/web/20190418125051/http://www.gahetna.nl/en/externe_onderzoekers Independent research at the Nationaal Archief] [paid research] Archived link at 18 April 2019 from the now archived Nationaal Archief website gahetna.nl
*[httphttps://www.cbgopenarch.nl/indexindexen/ openarchives] "search the genealogical data of Dutch and Belgian archives".php/EN?taal=EN Centraal Bureau voor Genealogie Includes the collection "Dutch East India Company Members (Central Bureau for Genealogy 1699- CBG1794)" from the [Dutch]National Archives, together with other records. openarch.nl . Website in English. Free website provided by Coret Genealogy. Retrieved 15 September 2014*[https://www.wiewaswie.nl Wie Was Wie] Similar to a Dutch findmypastFindmypast<ref>Dent, Gearoidin. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190522142736/https://lists.rootsweb.com/hyperkitty/list/india.rootsweb.com/thread/521198/ Christoffel Jochem Salder] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'', 25 March 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2019, archived.</ref> . Pay website with free searches. *[https://cbg.nl CBG : Centrum voor familiegeschiedenis], formerly called Centraal Bureau voor Genealogie (CBG) (Central Bureau for Genealogy). Dutch language.
*[http://hdl.handle.net/1885/11102 ''The Dutch East India Company and the Straits of Malacca, 1700-1784 : trade and politics in the eighteenth century''] by Dianne Lewis 1970 PhD Thesis Australian National University. Link to a download ANU.
*[http://hdl.handle.net/1887/12087 ''Fort Cochin in Kerala 1750-1830 : the social condition of a Dutch community in an Indian milieu''] by Anjana Singh. June 2007 Doctoral thesis, Leiden University [Digital] Repository. Subsequently published in the series TANAP monographs on the history of the Asian-European interaction ; v. 13.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150928085840/http://www.dutchmalaysia.net/lang_en/ Official website of the Malaysian Dutch Descendants Project], now archived, includes [https://web.archive.org/web/20150119021413/http://www.dutchmalaysia.net:80/lang_en/press/paper_20080527_history_of_the_dutch_and_dutch_eurasians_in_malaysia.html History of the Dutch and Dutch-Eurasians in Malaysia], now archived. A history has been published.<ref>[http://www.nutmegpublishing.com/hotdim.html ''History of the Dutch in Malaysia'' by Dennis De Witt]. Available at the British Library UIN: BLL01015564894 </ref>
*[http://www.thehindu.com/arts/history-and-culture/madras-miscellany/article4252833.ece "Madras Miscellany"] by S. Muthiah December 30, 2012 ''The Hindu'' Scroll down for "Getting to know Castle Geldria", in Pulicat. The Dutch presence on the Coromandel.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140306054626/http://www.rnw.nl/english/article/centuries-old-dutch-heritage-still-visible-india "Centuries-old Dutch heritage still visible in India"] by Johan van Slooten 25 October 2011 Radio Netherlands Worldwide, now an archived webpage.*[https://sharedcemeteries.net/en/ Shared Cemeteries] is about (former Dutch) funerary heritage all over the world. Includes [https://sharedcemeteries.net/en/india/introduction India: Introduction], or access India from the menu across the top of the page.
*Dutch language aids
**[https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/The_Netherlands The Netherlands] includes [https://wiki.familysearch.org/en/Netherlands_Language_and_Languages Netherlands Language and Languages] FamilySearch (LDS) Wiki and *:[https://www.familysearch.org/askhelp/learningViewerhelpcenter/93 Reading lessons/beginner-dutch-handwriting-quirks-dutch-names Beginner Dutch Handwritten RecordsHandwriting Series] with links to 18 Lessons. With a [https: 3 Lessons//familysearch.brightspotcdn.com/85/b7/526bbf1f403d91ac8948adc4d2ce/reading-dutch-records-d-jones.pdf written handout] by Daniel R Jones 10/2019. FamilySearch Learning Help Center/Lessons.*:[https://www.familysearch.org/indexing/help#/ FamilySearch Indexing Help] then select "Language Resources and Handwriting Helps"/Dutch**[https://script.byu.edu/Pages/the-dutch-documents-pages/the-dutch-documents(english) Script Tutorial: Dutch Documents] Brigham Young University
**Rudy Schmidt’s [https://web.archive.org/web/20130116104152/http://www.antiquusmorbus.com/International/Dutch.htm Dutch/English Glossary of Causes of Death and other Archaic Medical Terms], now archived.
===Historical books online===
*[https://archive.org/details/monumentalremain00alex/page/n7 ''The Monumental Remains of the Dutch East India Company in the Presidency Of Madras 1664-1824''] by Alexr. Rea. Reprint edition, first published 1897. Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.511637/page/n5 ''Dutch Activities In The East''] 1945. Full title: ''Dutch Activities in the East, seventeenth century : being a "Report on the records relating to the East in the State Archives in The Hague," with two appendices'' by Frederick Charles Danvers. Edited with an introd. by Nihar-ranjan Ray. Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India.
*[http://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/retroboeken/das/#page=2&accessor=toc&source=1&view=imagePane ''Dutch-Asiatic Shipping in the 17th and 18th Centuries Volume I . Introductory volume''] by J.R. Bruijn, F.S. Gaastra, I. Schöffer, with assistance from ACJ Vermeulen. Translation by Mrs J Harris 1987. From ''Resources Huygens ING''.
:[https://www.academia.edu/43027412/Dutch_Asiatic_Shipping_In_The_17th_And_18th_Centuries_Vol_2_Outward_Bound_Voyages_From_The_Nether ''Dutch Asiatic Shipping in the 17th and 18th Centuries Vol. 2 Outward Bound Voyages from the Netherlands to Asia and the Cape (1595-1794)''] Link to a download. academia.edu
: ''Volume III, Homeward-bound voyages from Asia and the Cape to the Netherlands (1597-1795)'' [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=TqLuCAAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 ''Volume III'' Sample pages Google Books]
*[https://archive.org/details/instructionsfro00maetgoog ''Instructions from the Governor-General and Council of India to the Governor of Ceylon, 1656-1665''] Translated by Sophia Pieters. [The Government of Netherlands India]. 1908 Archive.org
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