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The ‘Ewing System’ was developed by W J Ewing. The idea was first proposed by William Thorold of Norwich in England in 1868. The idea being that a central load bearing rail would mean that it was easier to move greater loads than with just road carts and cheaper than a 2-rail system <ref>[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewing_System Wikipedia “Ewing System) " ]; Retrieved 14 May 2017</ref>. Ewing patented the system in 1895. Then living Barrackpoor, in the Province of Bengal, India <ref>[https://www.google.com/patents/US541732 Google.com "Patents - Ewing System Patent 1894-95”]; Retrieved 14 May 2017</ref>.

'''===[[Bengal-Nagpur Railway Kharagpur Construction Jubbulpore Gun Carriage Factory Monorail]]''' === <br>This was During the first known application construction in c.1900. 1901-02 of the Gun Factory at [[C W Bowles| Colonel C W BowlesJubbulpore]], an Army Civil engineer, was in charge of comparative trials were conducted between the construction of ‘Ewing System’ and the ‘[[Bengal Nagpur RailwayCaillet System Monorail]](BNR) works ’. The ordinance factory at [[KharagpurJubbulpore]], he used a ‘Ewing System’ Monorail during his time as engineer during laying of tracks for the BNR for transportation of construction materialsopened in 1904. This experiment allowed him to perfect the monorail based on the Ewing System which he subsequently used to construct The ‘Ewing’ system was from the [[Patiala State Monorail TrainwaysGreat Indian Peninsula Railway]] (GIPR) goods yard to the factory site, a distance of 2 miles(3.2km). The lines was operated using hand labour.

'''===[[Jubbulpore Gun Carriage Factory Champaner Manganese Mine Monorail/Railway|Champaner Manganese Mine Monorail]]'''. ===<br>During the construction This line at Champaner, Panchmahal District, Gujarat opened in 1901-02 of 1905. The mines, owned by the Gun Factory at [[Jubbulpore]] comparative trials Shivrajpur Syndicate Limited were conducted between managed by the ‘Ewing System’ Agent ‘Killick, Nixon & Company’ and were initially linked to the ‘[[Caillet System Monorail]]’. The ordinance factory at [[Jubbulpore]] opened in 1904. The ‘Ewing’ system was from the [[Great Indian Peninsula Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway]](GIPRBB&CIR) goods yard to the factory site, station at Champaner Road by a distance of 2 miles20 mile(332km) Ewing system monorail.2km)This had 60 wagons designed to carry 6 tons that were hauled by buffalo. Marsland, Price & Co built the system. The lines In 1909 it was stated that 'the said many claimed advantages of trhe system did not materialise' and it was operated using hand labourdecided as 'most unsatisfactory' .

 '''===[[Kundale Valley Light Railway|Kanan Devan Hills Produce Co. Ltd Patiala State Monorail]]'''<br>From 1902 to 1908 this was the first regular service using the 'Ewing System' and operated between [[Munnar]] and Top Station in the Kannan Devan Hills of Kerala . This railway was built to transport tea and other goods. Initially a cart road was cut in 1902, then later replaced by a monorail goods carriage system along the road leading from [[Munnar]] to Top Station for the purpose of transporting tea and other products from Munnar and Madupatty to Top Station. This monorail was based on the ‘Ewing System ‘and had a small wheel placed on the track while a larger wheel rested on the road to balance the monorail. The monorail was pulled by bullocks. The report in 1903, only one year into its 6-year use, was not very complementary. The monorail lasted 8 years before being replaced with a narrow-gauge railway.  The British Government War Office was thinking of using a monorail system in its fight in Somaliland and called for a report on the systems in 1903. The India Office replied with 2 reports one regarding the ‘Ewing System’ from the Engineers at the [[Kundale Valley Light Railway|Kanan Devan Hills Produce Co. Ltd Monorail]] and one from the Royal Engineers concerning the comparative trials at the [[Jubbulpore Gun Carriage Factory Monorail|Jubbulpore Gun Carriage Factory ]] <ref>British Library IOR/ L/MIL/7/14846 Memorandum 11114 1903 </ref>.  '''[[Champaner Manganese Mine Monorail/Railway|Champaner Manganese Mine Monorail]] ''' <br>This line at Champaner, Panchmahal District, Gujarat opened in 1905. The mines, owned by the Shivrajpur Syndicate Limited were managed by the Agent ‘Killick, Nixon & Company’ and were initially linked to the [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India RailwayTrainways]](BB&CIR) station at Champaner Road by a 20 mile(32kmPSMT) Ewing system monorail. This had 60 wagons designed to carry 6 tons that were hauled by buffalo. Marsland, Price & Co built the system. In 1909 it was stated that 'the said many claimed advantages of trhe system did not materialise' and it was decided as 'most unsatisfactory' .===  '''[[File:Patiala State Monorail TrainwaysLocomotive No 4.png|thumb|PSMT Locomotive No 4 at unknown location]]''' (PSMT)<br>The PSMT operated from 1907 until the mid 1920’s, initially mule powered, later by locomotive. The The total distance covered by PSMT was 50 miles (80 km) run on two unconnected lines. The lines were constructed and operated by the Bombay firm of ‘Marsland, Price & Company’ .

'''===[[Champaner Manganese Mine Monorail/Railway]]''' ===<br>The Champaner Manganese Mines were initially linked to the [[Bombay, Baroda and Central India Railway]](BB&CIR) station at Champaner Road by a 20 mile(32km) Ewing system monorail. This had 60 wagons designed to carry 6 tons that were hauled by buffalo. Marsland, Price & Co built the system. In 1909 it was stated that 'the said many claimed advantages of the system did not materialise' and it was decided as 'most unsatisfactory'. A conventional 2ft 6in/762mm narrow gauge([[Rail_gauge#Narrow_Gauge|NG]]) opened on 3 Feb 1912 replacing the monorail.  '''[[Avardi - Chingleput District Monorail]]'''.<br>In 1902 proposals were sought by the Allapalli, [[Central Provinces|Gadchiroli District, Central Provinces]] Forest Department Conservator for a more up-to-date form of transport. The 'Indian Forester' in 1909 stated that 4 miles(6.4km) of [[Caillet System Monorail]] had been supplied with six special bogie trucks intended for bullock haulage which had been laid in Dec 1902. It had proved impractical and was converted to the [[Ewing System Monorail]] by adding a large balance wheel by local officers. Royalties had been paid to Mr Ewing. It then operated for some years but judging from the 1909 paper without great enthusiasm from its operators.  

'''===[[Simla Hydroelectric Scheme Construction Avardi - Chingleput District Monorail]]'''===In 1902 proposals were sought by the Allapalli, [[Central Provinces|Gadchiroli District, 1908Central Provinces]] Forest Department Conservator for a more up-12to-date form of transport. <br>A hydroelectic scheme was built by The 'Marsland, Price & CompanyIndian Forester' on the Nauti Khud Stream, 14 in 1909 stated that 4 miles(22km6.4km) from of [[SimlaCaillet System Monorail]] had been supplied with six special bogie trucks intended for bullock haulage which had been laid in Dec 1902. It had proved impractical and was converted to provide electricity to the [[SimlaEwing System Monorail]]by adding a large balance wheel by local officers. It was constructed between 1908 and 1912 A Royalties had been paid to Mr Ewing type monorail system must have been used during the construction. In the 6 Jul 1912 edition of 'Indian Engineering' the company advertised a number of Ewing monorail trucks It then operated for sale among some years but judging from the surplus material 1909 paper without great enthusiasm from the projectits operators.

'''===[[Allapalli Sawmill Monorails| Allapalli Sawmill Monorail]]''' ===The monorail was converted from [[Caillet System Monorail|‘Caillet System’]] to ‘Ewing System’ by adding a large balance wheel by local officers. Royalties had been paid to Mr Ewing. It then operated for some years but judging from the 1909 paper without great enthusiasm from its operators.