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Spelling of Berkley corrected with new link
|company12details=
|headquarters= [[Bombay]]
|workshop= ''see also'' [[GIPR Railway Workshops]] <br>[[Parel]] (BG) see also , [[Bhusawal]], [[Harda]], [[Igatpuri]], [[Lonauli]], [[Jhansi]], [[Jubbulpore]], [[Parel Railway WorkshopsBhusawal]]
|stations= [[Agra]], [[Ahmadnagar]], [[Akola]], [[Amraoti]], [[Banda]], [[Bhopal]], [[Bhusawal]], [[Cawnpore]], [[Chanda]], [[Delhi]], [[Dholpur]], [[Gwalior]], [[Hotgi]], [[Itarsi]], [[Jhansi]], [[Jubbulpore]], [[Khandwa]], [[Muttra]], [[Nagpur]], [[Narsinghpue]], [[Poona]], [[Raichur]], [[Saugor]], [[Wadi]]
|system1date= 1951
|system1details= [[Central Railway]] (IR zone)
|system2date=
|system2details=
|system3date=
|system3details=
== History ==
*1845. Registered as a company in 1845, with its head office in London, the Great Indian Peninsula railway initially proposed a length of 1300 miles, to connect Bombay with the interior of the Indian peninsula and to a major port on the east coast. It was meant for the purpose of increasing the export of cotton, silk, opium, sugar and spices <ref name=RegGIPR>[http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Great_Indian_Peninsula_Railway:_1845_Company_Registration Grace's Guide " GIPR 1945 Company Registration] Retrieved on 3 Jul 2016</ref>.
*1849, at the urging of the Governor, Lord Dalhousie, the East Indian Company(EIC) sanctioned the construction of a broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) railway eastward from [[Bombay]] and the Great Indian Peninsula Railway Company was incorporated on August 1, 1849 by an act of the British Parliament. It had a share capital of 50,000 pounds. On August 17, 1849 it entered into a formal contract with the EIC for the construction and operation of an experimental line, 35 miles(56 km) long. The Court of Directors of the EIC appointed [[James John BerkeleyBerkley]] as Chief Resident Engineer and [[Charles Buchanan Ker]] and [[Robert W Graham]] as his assistants <ref name=GIPR>[http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Great_Indian_Peninsula_Railway Grace's Guide "Great Indian Peninsula Railway"] Retrieved on 3 Jul 2016</ref>.
*1859, GIPR was tasked with "the construction and working of the following lines, all of which terminate at Bombay, - viz. from Bombay, ''via'' Callian, to Jubbulpore, to meet the East Indian Railway Company's line from Allahabad, with branches to Mahim and Nagpore - 870 miles; and from Callian, ''via'' Poonah and Sholapore, to the opposite side of the river Kristna, to meet the line, ''via'' Bellary, from Madras - 366 miles - total, 1,236 miles. Capital 10,000,000''l''l. Rate of Interest Guaranteed - 5 per cent. on 8,000,000''l''. capital, and 4½ per cent. on 333,000''l''. debentures, the balance to be raised upon arrangements to be hereafter made." <ref>"Money Market and City Intelligence", ''The Times'', Wednesday, 15 June 1859, #23333, 7a.</ref> <ref> [https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/228649/8330.pdf H.M. Government “Statute Law Repeals: Nineteenth Report : Draft Statute Law (Repeals) Bill; April 2012"; pages 128-130 paragraphs 3.57 - 3.64] Retrieved on 3 Jul 2016</ref>.
'''North-East Line''' - [[Bombay]] via [[Callian]] and [[Thal Ghat Railway Construction|Thal Ghat]] to [[Jubbulpore]] - 615 miles(990km)
The GIPR Chief Engineer [[James John BerkeleyBerkley]]'s proposal was to form a grand trunk communication by the north-eastern mainline between [[Bombay]] and [[Calcutta]],
*1857-61, [[Callian]] (later named [[Kalyan]]) to [[Kasara]] section constructed, a further 42 miles(68 km)<ref>[http://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Great_Indian_Peninsula_Railway Graces Guide "Great Indian Peninsula Railway - 1865"]; Retrieved 3 Jul 2016</ref> rising to an altitude of 948 feet(289m) above sea level at [[Kasara]] at the approach to the [[Thal Ghat Railway Construction|Thal Ghat]]. Opened in 1861.
*1857 Aug, [[Messrs. Wythes and Jackson, Construction Contractors|Messrs. Wythes and Jackson]] were awarded the contract for the '''[[Thal Ghat Railway Construction]]'''
*1857-65. The [[Thal Ghat Railway Construction|Thal Ghat Railway]] was a major project to take the GIPR mainline across the Western Ghats towards [[Jubbulpore]]. The [[Kasara]] to [[Igatpuri]] section was 9.5 miles(15km) and within that distance the line had to rise to 1,918 feet(585m). The construction required 13 tunnels, 6 viaducts, including the [[Ehagaon Viaduct]]; cuttings; embankments; 15 bridges and culverts and the Reversing Station <ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=a5MEAAAAMAAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=bombay+mechanics&hl=en&ei=8FUcTMGmHqC0nAeWxImdDg&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=1&ved=0CCwQ6AEwAA#v=onepage&q&f=false Google Books "Paper on the (GIPR) Thul Ghaut Railway" incline delivered to the Bombay Mechancs Institution in December 1860 by the GIPR Chief Engineer [[James John BerkeleyBerkley]], page 20.] Retrieved on 2 Jul 2016</ref>.
*c.1859-65, [[Messrs. Wythes and Jackson, Construction Contractors|Messrs. Wythes and Jackson]] were awarded a further contact to construct a further section of the GIPR north-eastern line from [[Igatpuri]] at the end of the Thal Ghat, this was opened in stages reaching [[Chalisgaon]] in 1861, [[Jalgaon]] in 1863 and [[Bhusawal]] in 1865, a total of 191.24 miles(307km)<ref>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n73/mode/2up " Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"; Superintendent of Government Printing, Calcutta; pages 64-68, pdf pages 73-77]; Retrieved 6 Jun 2016</ref>.
*1861-65, [[Igatpuri]]-[[Jalgaon]]-[[Bhusawal]] progressivly opened.
*1863-67, GIPR [[GIPR NagpurBranch]] Branch from [[Bhusawal]] was built by [[Messrs. Lee, Watson and Ayton, Construction Contractors]].
*1865, with completion of [[Thal Ghat Railway Construction|Thal Ghat]] the mainline from Bombay reached [[Khandwar]].
*1868 July, [[Robert Maitland Brereton]], GIPR Chief Engineer was given responsibility for completing the connection between [[Bhusawal]] and [[Jubbulpore]] which he completed many months ahead of schedule <ref name>[http://www.thestatesman.com/mobi/news/8th-day/the-opening-of-the-mumbai-to-kolkata-railway/141013.html#SL3vjC1hEy3Vmu3P.99 The Statesman, New Delhi "The opening of the Mumbai to Kolkata railway by Michael Sandford, May 9 2016]; Retrieved 3 Jul 2016</ref>.
'''South-East Line''' - [[Callian]] via [[Bhore Ghat Railway Construction|Bhor Ghat]] and [[Poona]] to meet the [[Madras Railway]] - 409 miles(658km)
*1856 May, the line was extended to the villages of [[Palasdhari]](Padusdhurree) and to [[Khopoli]](Campoolie) <ref name=wiki> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Indian_Peninsula_Railway#Bombay_to_Tannah Wikipedia “Great Indian Peninsula Railway”]; Retrieved 25 June 2016</ref> at the approach to the [[Bhore Ghat Railway Construction|Bhor Ghat]]. The
*1856-63. The '''[[Bhore Ghat Railway Construction]]''' was a major engineering challenge to take the GIPR mainline across the Western Ghats towards Madras. The construction with GIPR Chief Engineer [[James John BerkeleyBerkley]] in charge involved an incline length of 15 miles(24km), 26 tunnels (totalling 2.25 miles(3.6km) in length), and 8 viaducts of masonry construction.
*1858, the line from [[Khandala]] to [[Poona]] section was opened to traffic <ref name=wiki/> , this section included the [[Dapoorie Viaduct]]
*1858-63, during this period, the 21 km gap to [[Khandala]] was covered by palanquin, pony or cart through the village of Campoolie <ref name=wiki/>.
This information from the “Administration Report on the Railways in India – corrected up to 31st March 1918"<ref name=Admin/>
*Khopoli Branch, SE line; [[Palasdhari]](Padusdhurree) to [[Khopoli]](Campoolie) 1856: 7.24 miles. This section became a branch line on the opening of the [[Bhore Ghat Railway Construction|Bhor Ghat]] in 1863.
*[[GIPR Nagpur Branch|Nagpur Branch, NE line]]; Bhusaval to Baderna 1863-65, to Nagpur 1867: 243.25 miles
*Khamgaon Branch, NE line; Jalamb to Khamgaon 1870: 7.97 miles
*Amraoti Branch, NE line; Baderna to Amraoti 1871: 5.49 miles
