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{{Battles_InfoboxBattlemap|partofwar=[[:Category:1st Afghan War|1st Afghan War 1839-42]]|date=2-23 November 1841 |location=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retreat from Kabul Kabul, Afghanistan]to Gandamak|presidencylink=[[Bengal]] |co-ordinates=[http://maps.google.co.uk/maps/ms?llhl=34.528456,69.171705en&zie=13UTF8&t=hp&hlmsa=0&msid=101241150585833319689.00046bda10060121205ab&ll=en 34.528456°N 431833,69.171705°E] |result833221&spn=British defeat |territory=|combatant1=British 0.825721,1.411743& Indians|combatant2z=Afghans 10}}|commander1='''This was an event during the [[http://www.oxforddnb.com/index/101008754/ Maj Gen William Elphinstone1st Afghan War]|commander2=[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_Khan Mohammed Akbar Khan] '''|strength1=|strength2=|casualties1=|casualties2=}}

After a winter in [[Jalalabad]] , [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shuja_Shah_Durrani [Shah Shuja-ul-Mulk|Shah Shuja]], restored as Amir of [[Afghanistan]], returned to [[Kabul]] in the spring of 1841 with [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Hay_Macnaghten Sir William Macnaghten] the British Envoy and Minister at the Afghan Court. A reduced force of British and Indian troops moved out of the Bala Hissar fortress into a cantonment where their families joined them. The cantonment at Sherpur was poorly located and difficult to defend.<ref>[http://bookswww.googlearchive.co.ukorg/stream/kabulinsurrecti00eyregoog#page/n112/mode/2up/search/books?id=AWREAAAAIAAJ&q=The+Kabul+insurrection+of+1841-42+Shah+Lieutenant+Warburton+cantonment+surrounding+country&dq=The+Kabul+insurrection+of+1841-42+Shah+Lieutenant+Warburton+cantonment+surrounding+country&cd=1 The Kabul Insurrection of 1841-42] Eyre's descriptionp 94</ref> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willoughby_Cotton [Willoughby Cotton|Sir Willoughby Cotton]] was replaced as military commander by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_George_Keith_Elphinstone [William Elphinstone]]. Described as an elderly invalid,<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/kabulinsurrecti00eyregoog#page/n106/mode/2up/search/Elphinstone ibid]p 88</ref> though in fact barely 60 years old, Elphinstone was unfitted to cope with the increasingly grave situation. In October 1841 [[Robert Sale|Sir Robert Sale]] took his brigade out of Kabul (see [[General Sale's March from Kabul to Jalalabad]]) and a general uprising began on 2 November. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Burnes Sir Alexander Burnes] the senior political agent, his brother Lieut Charles Burnes and his assistant Major William Broadfoot were murdered. Elphinstone took no decisive action. The British were besieged in the cantonment and were unable to get supplies for men or animals. They were therefore forced to negotiate terms with the Afghan chiefs. Attacks and reprisals continued until on 23 December Sir William Macnaghten was lured to a meeting with [[Mohammad Akbar|Mohammad Akbar Khan]] on the promise of a new treaty. He and Captain Trevor were murdered and their heads paraded through the city.

In October 1841 Sir Robert Sale took his brigade out of Kabul (see [[General Sale's March from Kabul to JalalabadEldred Pottinger|Major Pottinger]]) and a general uprising began on 2 November. , not yet recovered from the wounds he received at the [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Burnes Sir Alexander BurnesSiege of Charikar]] the senior , took Macnaghten's place as political agent and his assistant Major William Broadfoot were murdered. On 27 December the Council of War (Elphinstone took no decisive action, Shelton, Anquetil, Chambers and Pottinger) acceded to the Afghan demands. Attacks In exchange for safe passage to Peshawar and the return of Capts Lawrence and reprisals continued until on 23 December Sir William Macnaghten was lured Mackenzie they were to a meeting with provide six hostages and hand over 1.45 million rupees and all artillery except six guns. In addition some 700 sick were left behind. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akbar_Khan Mohammad Akbar KhanGhazi_warriors Ghazi warriors] continued to harass the British as they prepared for departure on the promise of a new treatyfatal [[Retreat from Kabul to Gandamak]] on 6 January 1842. He and Captain Trevor were Shah Shuja remained shut up in the Bala Hissar palace until 5 April 1842 when he was murdered and their heads paraded through on the cityorders of Akbar Khan.

Major Pottinger, not yet recovered from ==Related articles ==For further details of events during this period see the wounds he received at following articles{||[[Loss of the Commissariat Fort]]|4 November 1841|-|[[Siege of Charikar]], took Macnaghten's place as political agent. On 27 December the Council |4-13 November 1841|-|[[Storming of War (Elphinstone, Shelton, Anquetil, Chambers and Pottinger) acceded to the Afghan demands. In exchange for safe passage to Peshawar and the return of Capts Lawrence and Mackenzie they were to provide six hostages and hand over 1.45 million rupees and all artillery except six guns. In addition some 700 sick were left behind. The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghazi_warriors Ghazi warriorsRika-bashi Fort]] continued to harass the British as they prepared for departure on the fatal |10 November 1841|-|[[Retreat from Kabul to GandamakBattle of Bemaru]] on 6 January 1842. Shah Shuja remained shut up in the Bala Hissar palace until 5 April 1842 when he was murdered on the orders of Akbar Khan.|23 November 1841|}

 *''Lady Sale’s Afghanistan – An Indomitable Victorian Lady’s Account of the Retreat from Kabul during the First Afghan War'' by Florentia Sale. (See similar title by Lady Sale in Historical Book links below)*''"Lady Sale"'' by P MacRory 1958 ISBN 0208008306<br> *''"W. Bryden's Account"'' by P MacRory 1969 

[http://www.archive.org/stream/kabulinsurrecti00eyregoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''The Kabul Insurrection of 1841-42''] by Maj-Gen Sir Vincent Eyre 1879 (archive.org)<br>''Memorials of Affghanistan: being state papers, official documents'' by Joachim Hayward Stocqueler 1843<br>[http://books.google.com/books?id=XiEPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR60 Appendix 7 - Narrative of the Events in Cabul between the 2nd of November 1841, and the middle of September 1842]<br>[http://books.google.com/books?id=XiEPAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR148&dq=Memorials+of+Affghanistan+of+infantry+and+two+guns+ready+for+secret+service&cd=1#v=onepage&q&f=false Appendix 14 - Capt Lawrence's account of the murder of Sir William Macnaghten]] (Google Books)<br>[http://www.archive.org/stream/ajournaldisaste01dickgoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''A Journal of the Disasters in Affghanistan 1841-2''] by Lady Florentia Sale 1843 (archive.org)<br>[http://archive.org/stream/someeminentwomen00fawciala#page/116/mode/2up Lady Sale and her fellow hostages in Afganistan] Chapter from book entitled ''Some Eminent Women of our Times'' by Mrs Henry Fawcett. (archive.org).

[[Category:Kabul Uprising|Kabul Uprising]]