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Lawrence Military Asylum

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There were four '''Lawrence Military Asylums'''. These [[schools]] underwent several name changes, later being known variously as the '''Lawrence School''', '''Lawrence Memorial School''' or '''Lawrence College'''.
The first Military Asylum at Sanawar was founded by [[Henry Lawrence|Sir Henry Montgomery Lawrence ]] to provide education for the [[orphans|orphan]] and other children of soldiers serving or having served in India. Children of "pure European parentage" took preference over those of mixed race parentage.
==Lawrence School, Mount Abu==
Also known as Abu Lawrence School it was located at [[Mount Abu]], a hill station in Rajasthan. Established in 1856, it no longer exists.
The Catalogue shows the following [[India Office Records]] at the [[British Library]]:
*Report of the Abu Lawrence School for children of soldiers for the year 1933-34. Poona: Committee of Management, 1934. '''IOR/L/MIL/17/5/2296''' 1934
'''===FIBIS resources===*FIBIS Gallery: [http://gallery.fibis.org/picture.php?/1808/category/47 Photograph: Lawrence Asylum, Aboo 1868] ===External links:'''===
*[http://www.indian-tales.com/pages50-59.asp Indian Tales] by Patrick O'Meara
*Charlesworth, Michael, ‘Lawrence College, Ghora Galli, Pakistan’ (typescript, nd)
Lt. Col. Rev. William Thomas Wright CIE, VD was Principal of Laurence Royal Military School, Ghora Gali . He was Honorary Canon of Lahore; and a Commandant of the [[Punjab Rifles]]. In 1925 he was made a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_Indian_Empire Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire] . <ref>[httphttps://librarywww.uvic.ca/sitelibrary/locations/home/spcoll/brownfindaids/medalsbrown_collection_manuscripts.html pdf Bruce and Dorothy Brown Collection, University of Victoria Library], British Columbia, Canada. Scroll to the Medals section. Drawer 4, #37a </ref> Cadets belonging to the Lawrence Military Asylum composed G Company, [[Punjab Rifles|1st Punjab Volunteer Rifles]]. (H Company, 1st Punjab Volunteer Rifles, also had its its headquarters at Murree.)<ref>[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.105626/page/n250/mode/1up Page 228], ''Punjab District Gazetteers, Volume XXVIIIA, Rawalpindi District 1907'', published 1909, Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India</ref>
'''External links:'''
*[http://www.lawrencelawrencecollege.edu.pk / Lawrence College, Ghora Gali], official site
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_School,_Ghora_Gali Lawrence School, Ghora Gali], Wikipedia
*[http://www.indian-tales.com/pages50-59.asp Indian Tales] by Patrick O'Meara
A researcher was able to obtain 1889 admission records from the School which indicated both parents of the boy admitted, the mother being Indian.
A researcher has advised in 2010 she has had a copy of " ''Never Give In : Old Lawrencians' Directory 1988-89''. Inside this book from pages 21-93 is a copy of "Historical Register of Admissions from 1858 to 1954” As the children were admitted into the school their names and date of admission were recorded chronologically in handwriting in a big Ledger which I understand is in the Archives located in the clock tower in the school. In 1988, these names were copied and typed into the above book, My brother visited the school in the 1990's and through his efforts I was able to obtain a copy of this Admission Directory.
If one is not familiar with English surnames, it may be difficult to decipher the Palmer script. Consequently, there are many inaccuracies in these recorded names, but if one knows the time frame. that the child was in school, and the first names it is possible to locate the name. For example the surname Lillywhite has been copied as Lilly, White or Dillywhite etc the surname Quinn is written as Ouinn, Luinn, Duinn etc; the name Hampstead has been copied as Ham, PStead
The size of the book is 5 inches by 8 inches and each page has 2 columns of names - each column has 50 names, which means that each 5 x 8 page has 100 names - so in total there are more than seven thousand names." <ref> By Advised by email to User:Maureene, 29 March 2010.</ref>
'''External links:'''
*[http://www.lovedale.org Alumni Website]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_School,_Lovedale Lawrence School, Lovedale], Wikipedia.
*This An India List post<ref>Payne, Hilda [httphttps://archiverlists.rootsweb.ancestry.com/thhyperkitty/readlist/INDIAindia.rootsweb.com/2010-01thread/1264996684 post7731695/ Lovedale] ''Rootsweb India Mailing List'' 10 December 2004. Retrieved 26 July 2019.</ref>gives the names of some of the children taking part in a performance of ‘Hansel and Gretel’ in 1928.
Also refer [[Orphans#Lawrence_Asylum.2C_Lovedale.2C_near_Ootacamund|Orphans]].
Near [[Simla]], but closest to [[Kasauli]], this school was the first of the four Lawrence schools, established in 1847.
In 1923, the Reverend George Dunsford Barne O.B.E., Principal of Lawrence Royal Military School and 2nd in Command, [[Simla Rifles| Simla Rifles Auxiliary Force]], was made a Companion of the Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire.<ref> [httphttps://www.london-gazettethegazette.co.uk/issuesLondon/issue/32830/supplementssupplement/3947 Supplement to the London Gazette, 2 June 1923]</ref> He retired c 1932.
===FIBIS Resources===
Maureen Evers has written about the school in "Four Orphan Schools in Calcutta and the Lawrence Military Asylum Sanawar, Part 1: History," ''FIBIS Journal'' No 22 (Autumn 2009), pages 1-14. "Part II: parents, conditions, prospects" ''FIBIS Journal'' No 23 (Spring 2010), pages 5-14. For details of how to access these articles, see [[FIBIS Journals]].
 
===History===
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=MhooAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR4 ''The Lawrence Military Asylum :Being a brief account of the past ten years of the existence and progress of the institution established in the Himalayas by the late Sir H.M. Lawrence for the orphan and other children of European soldiers serving, or having served in India''] 1858 Google BooKs
*[https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=dpFeAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA141 "Sonawur – Lawrence Military Asylum"] page 141 ''A Guide to Simla: With a Descriptive Account of the Neighbouring Sanitaria, Subathoo, Dugshaie, Sunawur, Kussowlie, Kotegurh, Chini, &c., &c., &c‬'' by W H Carey 1870 Google Books
*William Hodson who became famous as the commander of [[Hodson's Horse]] was involved with the construction of the Lawrence Military Asylum in 1847. At the time he was stationed in [[Subathu]] with the [[1st Bengal (European) Fusiliers| 1st Bengal European Fusiliers]]. [http://books.google.com.au/books?id=cXgOAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA39 Page 39], ''Twelve Years of a Soldier's Life in India: being extracts from the letters of the late Major W. S. R. Hodson'' 2nd edition 1859 Google Books
*"The Lawrence Royal Military School, Sanawar India" by W Jaques Steel. ''The Bulletin of the Military Historical Society, Issue 45, August 1961'', pages 1-4. See also correspondence in ''Issue 47''. Available at the British Library
===Records===
The [[British Library]] holds a copy of ''Register of Marriages , Holy Trinity Church, Lawrence Asylum, Sanawar'' This covers a period from 1849-1948. Many girls are shown as orphans/wards of LMA and their fathers' names substituted with "Guardians and Principals , LMA" The book is on the open shelves under shelfmark OIR929.3
The [[British Library]] holds a copy of [http://catalogue.bl.uk/F/P5AQKQ576DP834EUCYD224X9GRXCJDVTQE3VJTUEQLTRUYDNEP-80605?func=full-set-set&set_number=043888&set_entry=000004&format=999 Register of Marriages , Holy Trinity Church, Lawrence Asylum, Sanawar] This covers a period from 1849-1948. Many girls are shown as orphans/wards of LMA and their fathers' names substituted with "Guardians and Principals , LMA" The British Library has Annual Reports from 1849-1873 (broken sequence) as follows: Oriental Collections Shelfmarks Asia, Pacific & Africa ST 1257 Holdings: 1st (1849)-7th (1855), wanting: 6th (1854) UIN: BLL01008627380 and July 1858/Apr. 1859-1872/73, wanting: 1865/66, ; 1866/67imperfect. BLL01008627381 (Details in the Integrated Main Catalogue). In addition, the British Library also holds there are two later editions [httphttps://wwwdiscovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2adetails/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlmil_8-2_3-1&cid=1-1-1r/75f6e885-338#18de1-14420-1a77b-338 a57fa0c6b628 IOR/L/MIL/17/5/2300] 1934-1936, which are also available online, refer below.
"The Lawrence Royal Military British Library also holds a publication ''School, Sanawar India" by W Jaques Steelmemorials. : Chapel-West Door''The Bulletin of the published Sanawur : Lawrence Royal Military Historical SocietySchool, Issue 45[195?] , August 1961''shelfmark reference OIOC P/T 4814, pages [http://copac.ac.uk/search?title=School%20memorials.%20%3A%20Chapel-West%20Door.&crns=74000041880%20&rn=1&show-4. See also correspondence in ''Issue 47''. Available at the British Librarylibrary=Register%20of%20Preservation%20Surrogates catalogue entry] from Copac Search
The Sanawar School website (refer below) has many Annual Reports availble online, some of which list names of the children at the School.
'''===External links:'''===
*[http://www.sanawar.edu.in Lawrence School, Sanawar], official site including
**[http://www.sanawar.edu.in/ParkerHallhistoricalFoundation.aspx Parker HallHistorical Foundation] (under the category Life in About Sanawar)-now the school Library and Museum***Two Three books have been written by teachers at Sanawar, "''The Lawrence School, Sanawar : A Historical Reference" '' by Dr V K Sharma 1992 and ", ''Sanawar : A Legacy" '' by Mrs Manju Khan and Mr K J Parel, 1997, and ''Sanawar : the Lawrence School sesquicentenary, 1847-1997'', text by Harish Dhillon, drawings by Rathin Mitra. The latter two books were written to celebrate the sesquicentenary of the Schooland are available in the Library of Oxford University.**[http://www.sanawar.edu.in/Digi_IndexParkerHall.html Digital Libraryaspx Parker Hall] (under the category News Life in Sanawar)-now the school Library and Events)Museum. Contains links Named after Miss Ada Parker, who headed the girls school from May 1880 to six categories including February 1923 ***[http://www.sanawar.edu.in/Handwritten%20Docd-library.aspx Digital Library] (tab in top right hand corner of Home page). Consists of six categories including***"Admission Records" from 1904-1905. These appear to be application forms completed for admission to the school.html They include date of birth, whether parents are alive, whether of European or of mixed parentage etc***"Handwritten documents]", many of which are printed Annual Reports each containing much information, including**** Item 24. Twelve Annual Reports for the period 1873-1885 are were previously available in this [http://sanawar.edu.in/Hand%20written-typed%20documents/24_report%20of%20lawrence%20asylum(1873-85).pdf a 599 page pdf document] which contains lists of children in the school from the year 1875-1876. '''Note''' Although a link currently appears, the file did not open (2019/07).
*****Annual Report for the Year 1873-1874 page 1
*****Annual Report for the Year 1874-1875 page 40
*****Annual Report for the Year 1883-1884 page 490. Boys pages 533-537. Girls pages 538-543.
*****Annual Report for the Year 1884-1885 page 550. Boys pages 584-592. Girls pages 593-598 . In this report Rev AH Hildesley became Principal in place of Rev J Cole
****Item 30. Five Annual Reports, for the period 1893-1898 are available in this [http://www.sanawar.edu.in/Hand%20written-typed%20documents/30_annual%20raport%20l.m.a-1893-1898.pdf 200 page pdf document] which contains lists of children in the school until the year 1895-1896.
*****Annual Report for the Year 1893-1894 page 1. List of Children at the school Boys pages 26-34. Girls pages 35-42.
*****Annual Report for the Year 1894-1895 page 53. Boys pages 78-86. Girls pages 87-94.
*****Annual Report for the Year 1896-1897 page 148.
*****Annual Report for the Year 1897-1898 page 173.
**** Annual Repoers Reports for the years 1921-23, 1928, 1930,1931,1935-1937, 1947 are also available**** There are items called 'Register Books'
'''Other'''
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lawrence_School,_Sanawar Wikipedia]
*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/l/019pho000000394u00035000.html Photograph of the school in 1865] in the British Library's Online Gallery
*[httphttps://wwwdigitalcollections.chillibreezenypl.comorg/articlesitems/TheDriveUphill.asp “The Drive Uphill510d47d9-624a-a3d9-e040-e00a18064a99 Photograph: On the road from Chandigarh to The Lawrence Military Asylum, Sanawar, near Kasauli ] by Shalini Bahadur from chillibreezea collection “ca. 1889, some photographs later” New York Public Library Digital Collection.com
*[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2001/20010302/art-trib.htm#1 "Architecture of Kasauli churches"] by Ambika Sharma, ''The Tribune'' (Chandigarh), March 2, 2001. The second part about of this article is about the church at the school.
*[http://freepages.rootsweb.com/~derekboddington/school-alumni/index.html The Lawrence Royal Military School, Sanawar]. Photographs from Derek Boddington’s website. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20160411163241/http://www.imagesofasia.com/html/india/lawrence-asylum.html Lawrence Military Asylum, Sanawar 1910] Postcard from Images of Asia, now archived.
*[http://www.slideshare.net/AmitRanjan/pictures-from-kasauli-hill-station-in-himachal-pradesh-presentation Pictures from Kasauli - hill station in Himachal Pradesh] Photos from slideshare.net show some photos of the school from photo no. 5. Photo no. 42 shows the location of Sanawar in relation to Kasauli.
*A map showing [[Kasauli]] near the school from [http://www.indnav.com/servlet/DMap?fN=Kasauli indnav.com]
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