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Madras Sappers and Miners

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Regimental history
The '''Madras Sappers and Miners''' were part of the Indian Army Engineer Soldier Corps comprised the three armies of the Presidencies <ref name=REmus>[http://web.archive.org/web/20090725060217/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part10.htm The Royal Engineers Museum and Library “Corps History Part 10 - Indian Engineering Soldiers 1777-1947”]; Retrieved 17 Aug 2016</ref>:-
*The [[Bombay Sappers and Miners]] (1777;
*The '''Madras Sappers and Miners''' (1780)
*The [[Bengal Sappers and Miners]] (1803)
 
 
''Not to be confused with'' The '''[[Madras Engineers]]''' being Engineers of one of the Honourable [[East India Company Armies]]. By the 1740’s each military administration of each presidency had its own cadre of British engineer officers, they were titled:-the [[Bombay Engineers]], the [[Madras Engineers]] and the [[Bengal Engineers]] <ref>[http://web.archive.org/web/20090725060217/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part10.htm The Royal Engineers Museum and Library “Corps History Part 10 – Engineers of the Honourable East India Company Army 1750-1862”]; Retrieved 17 Aug 2016</ref>
 
 
The '''Madras Sappers and Miners''' originated from two companies of Pioneers raised in 1780 called the 'Madras Pioneers', which were expanded and titled 'Corps of Madras Pioneers' but was renamed the 'Corps of Madras Sappers and Miners' in 1831 <ref name =REmus/>. The senior Officers were British and the loosely organised military units were later combined into battalions with Indian officers commanding local troops. Officers were in the early years very conscious of the soldiers' local customs, caste rituals, dress, and social hierarchy.
 
== Chronology ==
*'''1780''' raised as Madras Pioneers
*'''1911''' became 2nd Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers and Miners
*'''1923''' became Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers and Miners
*'''18321932''' merged with Bengal and Bombay Sappers to form the Corps of Indian Engineers
*'''1941''' became Queen Victoria's Own Sappers and Miners Group, Indian Engineers
*'''1946''' became Queen Victoria's Own Madras Group, Royal Indian Engineers
*'''1950''' Madras Centre, Corps of Engineers
== External Links =====Historical Books Online=Regimental history==*[http://www.archive.org/stream/militaryhistoryo01viba#page/n5/mode/2up ''The military history of the Madras engineers Indian Sappers and pioneers, from 1743 up to the present time Volume 1Miners''] by Major H M Vibart 1881 Archive.org [http://wwwE.archiveW.org/stream/militaryhistoryo02viba#page/n5/mode/2up ''Volume 2''C Sandes [Edward Warren Caulfeild] 1883*[http://books1948.google(726p).com/books?id=wboRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP9 ''Twelve years' military adventure in three quarters of Covers the period from the globe: or, Memoirs of an officer who served pioneers in 1759 to the armies of His Majesty and of prelude to the East India Company, between Second World War. Available at the years 1802 and 1814 Volume 1''[[British Library]] by John Blakiston 1829 [httpUIN://booksBLL01011278725.google:Now available online, refer below.com/books?id=vyUoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR1*'' Volume 2A Short History of Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers and Miners during World War II, 1939-1945'] Google Books' by R A Lindsell, published 1947 at Bangalore. He joined Available at the Madras Engineers [httpBritish Library UIN://books.google.com/books?id=wboRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA37 page 37] in 1802 BLL01011833621 , and served until February 1812, including the 2nd Maratha also at Imperial War and the Expedition to Java in 1811Museums LBY 27278.*[http://books.google.com/books?id=_G4BAAAAMAAJ&pg=PP9 Journals of the Sieges of the Madras Army, in the years 1817, 1818, and 1819] by Edward Lake of the Madras Engineers 1825 Google Books
===Other=External links ==*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pioneer_(military)#Pioneer_regiments_in_the_Indian_Army Pioneer Regiments in the Indian Army] from Pioneer(military) Wikipedia*[http://web.archive.org/web/20090725060217/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part10.htm Indian Sappers 1740-1947] - Royal Engineers Museum, previous website, now archived. Details of the Madras Engineers are included.*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madras_Engineer_Group Madras Engineer Group] - Wikipedia*[http://web.archive.org/web/20071108123617/www.regiments.org/regiments/southasia/art-eng-sig/sm-mad.htm Queen Victoria's Own Madras Sappers and Miners] - www.regiments.org, an archived website.*[http://www.indiapicks.com/stamps/Forces/960_Madras_Sappers.htm Madras SapppersSappers] - indiapicks.com*[http://www.reubique.com/indiaeng.htm Military Engineers in India in the 20th Century] from [http://www.reubique.com/ Royal Engineers and Engineers of the British Empire and Commonwealth]*[http://www.bl.uk/eblj/1991articles/pdf/article10.pdf "Colin Mackenzie: Collector Extraordinary"] by David M.Blake ''British Library Journal 1991'' pages 128-150. Mackenzie was an officer in the Madras Engineers and had arrived in Madras in 1783. At the time of his death in 1821, he was Surveyor-General of India.*From the [http://www.newman-family-tree.net/ Main Index of "A Newman Family Tree"], select H E M Newman. He was commissioned into the Corps of Royal Engineers on 19 December 1919 and posted to India in 1924 as an officer of the Madras Sappers and Miners. He was in India until 1929 and again in India and Burma 1936-1943. The site includes his [http://www.newman-family-tree.net/H.E.M.Newman-memoirs%202c.pdf Memoirs] (152 pages pdf), the article [http://www.newman-family-tree.net/RE_Journal_1984.pdf Waziristan 1937-1939] ( 9 page pdf) by Lieut Colonel H E M Newman ''The Royal Engineer Journal Volume 95, number 2, 1984'' and this [http://www.newman-family-tree.net/Missing-Years.html html extract] which covers parts of the period 1918-1946. The two latter links are included in the Memoirs.
====Historical books online====
* ''Historical Record 1877'' by Lieutenant Colonel W.J.Wilson. 1877. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.278771 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India. Full title ''Historical Record of the “Queen's Own” Sappers and Miners''. Madras 1877
:[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.278779 ''Historical Record Of The 2nd "Queens Own" Sappers and Miners from 1780 to 1909''] by Lieut.-Colonel C H Roe, R E. c 1909. Archive.org, Digital Library of India Collection.
*''The Military History of the Madras Engineers and Pioneers, from 1743 up to the present time'' by Major H M Vibart. [http://www.archive.org/stream/militaryhistoryo01viba#page/n5/mode/2up ''Volume 1''] 1881. [http://www.archive.org/stream/militaryhistoryo02viba#page/n5/mode/2up ''Volume 2''] 1883 Archive.org.
*[https://www.nzsappers.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Indian-Sappers-and-Miners-1948.pdf ''The Indian Sappers and Miners''] by E. W. C Sandes [Edward Warren Caulfeild] 1948. (726p). nzsappers.org.nz. Covers the period from the pioneers in 1759 to the prelude to the Second World War.
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=wboRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PP9 ''Twelve years' military adventure in three quarters of the globe: or, Memoirs of an officer who served in the armies of His Majesty and of the East India Company, between the years 1802 and 1814 Volume 1''] by John Blakiston 1829 [http://books.google.com/books?id=vyUoAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR1'' Volume 2'']. Google Books. He joined the Madras Engineers [http://books.google.com/books?id=wboRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA37 page 37] in 1802 and served until February 1812, including the 2nd Maratha War and the Expedition to Java in 1811.
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=_G4BAAAAMAAJ&pg=PP9 ''Journals of the Sieges of the Madras Army, in the years 1817, 1818, and 1819''] by Edward Lake of the Madras Engineers 1825. Google Books
:[http://access.bl.uk/item/viewer/ark:/81055/vdc_00000000DBFC ''Plans and Views illustrating the Journals of the Sieges of the Madras Army, etc''] by Edward Lake, 1825. British Library Digital Collection.
*[http://books.google.com.au/books?id=sOILAQAAMAAJ&pg=PP5 ''Reports, correspondence and original papers on various professional subjects connected with the duties of the Corps of Engineers, Madras Presidency, Volume 1''] by John Thomas Smith 1839 Google Books
*[http://seasiavisions.library.cornell.edu/bookreader/sea:354/#page/8/mode/2up ''Fifty years' reminiscences of India : a retrospect of travel, adventure and shikar''] by Colonel Pollock, [FitzWilliam Thomas Pollock] Madras Staff Corps 1896 seasiavisions.library.cornell.edu. [https://archive.org/details/fiftyyearsremini00poll Archive.org version] The author arrived in Madras in early 1849, and was posted to a Native Infantry Regiment. In 1853 he was appointed to the Sappers and Miners in Burma.
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/addiscombeitsher00viba#page/n7/mode/2up ''Addiscombe, its heroes and men of note''] by Colonel H. M. Vibart 1894 Archive.org. Addiscombe was the East India Company Military Academy in England for the training of cadets for the Engineers, Artillery and Infantry.
*''History of the Corps of Royal Engineers'' by Whitworth Porter 1889 [http://www.archive.org/stream/historycorpsroy01portgoog#page/n8/mode/2up Volume 1], [http://www.archive.org/stream/historycorpsroy00portgoog#page/n12/mode/2up Volume 2] Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/MadrasSoldier ''The Madras Soldier 1746-1946''] by Lt.-Col. E G Phythian-Adams. Revised and enlarged edition 1947 Archive.org. Includes Chapter VI
**[https://archive.org/stream/MadrasSoldier#page/n165/mode/2up Sappers and Miners] page 148
== References ==
Our grateful thanks to The Royal Engineers Museum and Library, Prince Arthur Road, Gillingham, Kent, ME4 4UG, England for permission to cite directly from their website. Some records on websites do not give clear distinctions between the ‘Sappers and Miners’ and the ‘Engineers’.
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[[Category:Madras Army]]
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