Changes

India Office Records include:*, which may be located by using the [http://hviewersearcharchives.bl.uk/IamsHViewerprimo_library/libweb/Defaultaction/search.aspxdo?mdarkdscnt=1&dstmp=1510016459624&vid=arkIAMS_VU2&fromLogin=true British Library Search] include:/81055/vdc_100000000028.0x0000f1 *Collection 391 North West Frontier Operations 1897 IOR/L/MIL/7/15855-15939] 1897-1923 *[http://hviewer.bl.uk/IamsHViewer/Default.aspx?mdark=ark:/81055/vdc_100000000028.0x000106 Collection 403 Frontier and Overseas Expeditions IOR/L/MIL/7/16820-16978] 1901-1944*War Diary [Collection], Army Headquarters India, Frontier Operations. GSI, 1914-20. 56 vols. IOR/L/MIL/17/5/4066-4121. Printed volumes from the Military Library. At least one, possibly more, is thought to be available in the library subscription website "The Indian Army and Colonial Warfare on the Frontiers of India, 1914-1920", see [[Subscription websites-online newspapers, journals and directories]].*[http://hviewerdiscovery.nationalarchives.blgov.uk/IamsHViewerbrowse/Default.aspx?mdark=ark:r/81055h/vdc_100000000015.0x0002c3 f5f47a88-8f63-439b-9851-807ef4016601 Political and Secret Department Library IOR/L/PS/20 ] 1757-1952] . A very large and varied collection of confidential prints, official publications and commercially published works, analogous to the Military Library (see under L/MIL/17), it largely consists of military reports, gazetteers, summaries of correspondence, handbooks etc. dealing with the Indian States, the frontier regions and neighbouring countries. There is a separate index. Includes** [http://hviewerdiscovery.nationalarchives.blgov.uk/IamsHViewerbrowse/Default.aspx?mdark=ark:r/81055h/vdc_100000000028.0x00038b 3d1f812d-8302-4877-b020-fb24abdf8195 Political and Secret Department Library: 'B' Books IOR/L/PS/20/B] 1834-1944 . Covers Afghanistan, Baluchistan, North West Frontier of India, Jammu and Kashmir and Northern Frontier of India**[http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/browse/r/h/8f3ed949-072d-4247-9f02-97cd6d17ff04 Political and Secret Department Library: 'D' Books] 1865-1949. Covers Assam, Bhutan, Burma (including Shan States, Chin Hills etc), Burma-China Frontier, China (except Chinese Turkestan, for which see L/PS/20/A), Nepal, Tibet, Sikkim, North East Frontier of India, Siam, South East Asia and Far East

== External Links links ==

*[http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306940 '''Passing it on' : the army in India and the development of frontier warfare 1849-1947''] by Timothy Robert Moreman. 1996 PhD Thesis King’s College London. A book was subsequently published. British Library’s EthOS e-theses online service. [https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/passing-it-on--the-army-in-india-and-the-development-of-frontier-warfare-18491947(f60ece93-45c9-44ab-b3a0-16f1625a1926).html Alternative link to pdf download] King's College, London. A book was subsequently published in 1998, see Historical books online below.:Article: [https://web.archive.org/web/20220513210119/http://www.khyber.org/publications/041-045/armyininda.shtml Army in India & Frontier Warfare 1914-1939] by Tim Moreman (Khyber.org, now archived and originally from [https://web.archive.org/web/20200220062414/http://www.king-emperor.com/Frontier%20Warfare%201914-1939.html king-emperor.com], now archived).*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160515195215/http://michaelelambert.com/main/pdf/Michael_E_Lambert_Afghanistan_&_North_West_Frontier.pdf Afghanistan & North West Frontier] (pdf) by Michael E. Lambert, now an archived webpage. The presentation is in three parts: "The History" relates Britain’s involvement in the North West Frontier, "The Medals" discusses the Afghanistan Medal, the Kabul to Kandahar Star, and the India General Service Medal through its multiple issues, "The Album" presents early twentieth century photographs of soldiers and soldiering.*[http://www.nihcr.edu.pk/Latest_English_Journal/Pjhc%2025-1%202004/9-British%20Policy%20in%20Tribal.pdf "British Policy in Tribal Areas: A Case Study of Waziristan"] by Dr.Fazlur Rahman ''Pakistan Journal of History and Culture'' Vol.XXV No.1 Jan-Jun 2004. Includes statistics about the cost of operations.*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170430093249/http://www.asc-centralasia.edu.pk/Issue_62/01-Military_Operations_in_Waziristan.html 'Military Operations in Waziristan: From a Historical Perspective (1849-1947)"] by Col. (Retd.) Muhammad Yahya Effendi Issue 62, [2008?] ''Central Asia'' Research Journal of the Area Study Center, University of Peshawar, Pakistan, now archived.*[https://web.archive.org/web/20050114111553/http://www.defencejournal.com:80/2001/jan/british-factor.htm ''The British Factor and Asia in the Twentieth Century''. Chapter V: "British India’s North West Tribal Territories"] by Maj (Retd) Raja Muhammad Sarwar Dhuddy. ''The Defence Journal January 2001'' (Karachi, Pakistan) , now archived. *[https://web.archive.org/web/20131122051541/http://www.victorianmilitarysociety.org.uk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=36:why-was-the-north-west-frontier-of-india-the-scene-of-so-much-conflict-in-the-period-1849-1901&catid=10:articles&Itemid=9 "Why was the North-West frontier of India the scene of so much conflict in the period 1849-1901?"] by R.A. Johnson from ''Soldiers of the Queen issue 97'', Victorian Military Society , now archived.

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170629213546/http://www.asc-centralasia.edu.pk/Issue_64/06_Khyber_during_the_Frontier.html "Khyber during the Frontier Uprising of 1897: Lessons to Learn from the British Policy in the Tribal Areas"] by Dr Javed Iqbal '' Central Asia Journal'' No. 64 [c 2009?] University of Peshawar, now archived. Retrieved 11 August 2014*[httphttps://web.archive.org/web/20191025093159/https://www.defence.gov.au/ADCadc/Publicationspublications/Commanderscommanders/2012/02_Sligo02_sligo%20paper.pdf "An Historical Analysis of the ‘Incessant Disputes in the Tribal Areas’ (of the North-West Frontier) against the British (and the British Indian Army) from 1893 to 1939"] by Colonel Graeme Sligo, Australian Army. October 2012. defence.gov.au, now an archived webpage.*[httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/DTIC_ADA436296 ''The British Colonial Experience in Waziristan and Its Applicability to Current Operations''] by Matthew W Williams 26 May 2005. Monograph [thesis] produced for School of Advanced Military Studies United States Army Command and General Staff College, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.dticArchive.milorg*[https:/dtic/trarchive.org/fulltextdetails/u2/a437314.pdf "DTIC_ADA437314 ''British Governance of the North-West Frontier (1919 to 1947): A Blueprint for Contemporary Afghanistan?"''] by Major Andrew M. Roe British Army, 17 June 2005. A thesis as part of the requirements for a degree of Master Of Military Art And Science, US Army Command and General Staff College June 2005Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Archive.org.*[httphttps://cgsc.contentdm.oclcarchive.org/cdmdetails/singleitem/collection/p16040coll3/id/170/rec/5 "DTIC_ADA523451 ''Ever present danger: a concise history of British military operations on the north-west frontier, 1849-1947"''] by Matt M Matthews. Occasional Paper 33, June 2010 . Combat Studies InstitutePress, US Army Command Combined Arms Center, Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Archive.org.*[http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/7681 ''Inter-war, inter-service friction on the North-West frontier of India and its impact on the development and application of RAF doctrine''] by Andrew John Charles Walters 2018. University of Birmingham. Ph.D. Air power’s potential was never fully exploited.:[https://www.raf.mod.uk/what-we-do/centre-for-air-and General Staff College-space-power-studies/documents1/vol-21-no-1-raf100-special-edition/ “RAF Inter-War Operations on the North-West Frontier”] by Wing Commander Dr Andrew Walters page 110 (digital page 112) ''Air Power Review'' Volume 21, No.1 Spring 2018. raf. Combined Arms Research Library Digital Librarymod.uk

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170809020344/http://www.airpowerstudies.co.uk/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/apr14no3.pdf "“Good God, Sir, Are You Hurt?” The Realities and Perils of Operating over India’s Troublesome North-West Frontier"] by Lieutenant Colonel Andrew Roe ''Air Power Review Volume 14 Number 3 Autumn/Winter 2011'' Centre for Air Power Studies, Royal Air Force, pages 61-82 (computer file pages 72-93), archived.

**Lieut.-Colonel McGregor's gazetteer is possibly the three volumes in the series ''Central Asia'' by C M MacGregor: ''Part 1. North-West Frontier of British India''. , in 3 vol, with full title ''Central Asia Part I: A contribution towards the better knowledge of the topography, ethnology, resources, & history of the North-West Frontier of British India complied (for political and military reference)'' by C M MacGregor 1873. *:''Central Asia Part-i Vol-ii'' J to Peshawar. [httphttps://wwwarchive.neworg/details/in.ernet.dli.ernet2015.278643 Archive.org version] mirror from Digital Library of India. *:[http://pahar.in/handlewpfb-file/1873-central-asia-part-1-topography-ethnography-statistics-and-history-of-north-west-frontier-vol-1-by-macgregor-s-pdf/ Volume I], [http://pahar.in/2015wpfb-file/278643 Central Asia Part1873-central-asia-part-1-topography-ethnography-statistics-and-history-of-north-west-frontier-vol-2-by-macgregor-I Vols-pdf/ Volume II] , [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1873-central-asia-part-1-topography-ethnography-statistics-and-history-of-north-west-frontier-vol-3-by C M Macgregor-macgregor-s-pdf/ Volume III]. Pdf downloaddownloads, PAHAR Mountains of Central Asia Digital Library of IndiaDataset. Other volumes are available at If the British Librarydownload buttons do not display, catalogue record IORlocate the book files under "Books/LIndian Subcontinent". [https:/MIL/17archive.org/14details/72dli.*pahar.0740 Part I Volume I], [httphttps://www.archive.org/streamdetails/dli.pahar.0741/sirrobertgsandem00tuckrich#page/n5n1/mode/2up ''Sir Robert GPart I Volume II], [https://archive. Sandeman K.Corg/details/dli.Spahar.0742/page/n1/mode/2up Part I., peaceful conqueror of Baluchistan''Volume III] by A.L.P. Tucker 1921 Archive.orgmirror versions. Born 1835, he joined the Bengal Army in 1856 and the Civil Service in 1859, working in the North West from 1861 until his death in 1892These are 1995 reprint editions.

*[https://archive.org/details/withzhobfieldfor00mcfa ''With the Zhob Field Force, 1890''] by Captain Crawford McFall KOYLI 1895 Archive.org *[http://www.archive.org/stream/sirrobertgsandem00tuckrich#page/n5/mode/2up ''Sir Robert G. Sandeman K.C.S.I., peaceful conqueror of Baluchistan''] by A.L.P. Tucker 1921 Archive.org. Born 1835, he joined the Bengal Army in 1856 and the Civil Service in 1859, working in the North West from 1861 until his death in 1892.*[https://archive.org/details/forwardpolicyit00bruc ''The Forward Policy and its Results; or, Thirty-five Years' Work amongst the Tribes on our North-Western Frontier of India''] by Richard Isaac Bruce, formerly Political Agent, Beluchistan, and late Commissioner and Superintendent Derajat Division, Punjab, India. 1900 Archive.org. The author arrived in India in 1862 and retired 1896. The Forward Policy was initiated by Sandeman, refer book above.*[https://archive.org/stream/journalunitedse00indigoog#page/n1074/mode/2up "Mountain Warfare as applied to India"] by Captain F C Carter, Northumberland Fusiliers, page 414 ''Journal of the United Service Institution Of India Volume XXII 1893''. Archive.org

*''Military Operations on the North-West Frontiers of India. Papers regarding British relations with the neighboring tribes on the north-west frontier of India, and the military operations undertaken against them during the year 1897-1898''. HMSO 1898. [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433000076269?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 Volume I] Hathi Trust HathiTrust Digital Library. [httphttps://wwwarchive.neworg/details/in.ernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/279045 Volume I Archive.org version] Pdf download, mirror from Digital Library of India. [httphttps://wwwarchive.neworg/details/in.ernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/279046 Volume IIArchive.org version] Pdf download, mirror from Digital Library of India.

*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015017670491?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 ''Tirah, 1897''] by Colonel C E Callwell 1911 Hathi Trust HathiTrust Digital Library. A book in the series ''Campaigns and their Lessons''. Also available [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.284632/page/n1/mode/2up Archive.org].*[https://archive.org/details/indianfrontierw02youngoog indianfrontierw03youngoog/page/n6 ''Indian Frontier Warfare''] by Captain and Brevet- Major G J Younghusband , Assistant-Quartermaster-General 1898 Archive.org. The Third Volume of ''The Wolseley Series''.

*[http://www.archive.org/stream/adictionarypath00unkngoog#page/n6/mode/2up ''A Dictionary of the Pathan Tribes on the North-West Frontier of India''] Asstistant Assistant QMG Intelligence Branch 1899 Archive.org

*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b5121073?urlappend=%3Bseq=4 ''Small Wars. Their Principles and Practice''] by Colonel C. [Charles] E. [Edward] Callwell. General Staff - War Office. Third Edition , revised 1906. His Majesty's Stationery Office, London. (First edition 1896) ”It is recommended to officers as a valuable contribution on the subject of the conduct of small wars.” Hathi Trust HathiTrust Digital Library. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.201641 Archive.org]. [http://www.history.navy.mil/research/library/online-reading-room/title-list-alphabetically/s/small-wars-their-principles-and-practice.html A transcribed version] Naval History and Heritage Command, an official U.S. Navy web site. [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/23/Small_Wars-_Their_principles_and_practice_%28C._E._Callwell%29.pdf Wikimedia.org pdf]. All 1906 editions.**[https://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b5121073?urlappend=%3Bseq=487 Sangars] page 469.*[https://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10973/38213 ''East India (North-West Frontier). Mahsud-Waziri Operations''] 1902 His Majesty's Stationery Office, London . A report to Parliament, covering correspondence 1899-1902. Pdf download Digital Repository of GIPE-Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics [Pune India]. Also available [https://hdl.handle.net/2027/nyp.33433000076277?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 HathiTrust Digital Library], where the pages may be rotated if required. The military operations took place 24th to 28th November, 1901, as detailed from [https://archive.org/details/mahsud-waziri-operations/page/257/mode/2up page 257]. Archive.org (mirror version of HathiTrust file)*[https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.05452/page/n5/mode/2up ''The Punjab in Peace and War''] by S S Thorburn, Indian Civil Service (Retired) 1904. Archive.org, Public Library of India collection.

*[http://www.archive.org/stream/frontieroverseas01indi#page/n11/mode/2up ''Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India: Volume 1 Tribes north of the Kabul River''] by Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters India 1907 Archive.org. There is a supplement with full title ''Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India Volume 1, supplement A: Operations against the Mohmands (including operations in the Khaiber, 1st-7th May'') which is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, under the title ''Operations against the Mohmands'', barcode 4990010028652. Unfortunately the file is somewhat unsatisfactory. There is no Contents page and many pages are duplicated. For Chapter 2, go to computer page 21, and for Chapter 3, cp 29. At least the following pages appear to be missing in addition to the Contents: (actual) p 34-35 and Appendix page i. The supplement ''Operations against the Mohmands'' is also available to [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1908-operations-against-the-mohmands-vol-1-supplement-a-s-pdf/ download as a pdf] from [[Online books#Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset|Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]]. This edition possibly may be better quality than If the DLI editioncatalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'. Also available [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.1814/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].*''Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India Volume 2. North-West Frontier Tribes between the Kabul and Gumal Rivers'' by Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters India 1908 is available to [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1908-north-west-frontier-tribes-between-the-kabul-and-gumal-rivers-by-intelligence-branch-s-pdf/ download as a pdf] from [[Online books#Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset|Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]]. It is also If the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'. Also available to download as as a pdf from the Digital Library of India: [httphttps://wwwarchive.new.dli.ernet.inorg/handledetails/2015/116166 1908 pdf download], [http://www.new.dli.ernetpahar.in1812/handlemode/2015/96937 2004 reprint edition2up Archive.org mirror version]. There is a supplement [https://archive.org/details/FrontierAndOverseasExpeditionsFromIndiaVolII ''Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India Volume 2 Supplement A ,Operations against the Zakka Khel Afridis''] Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters India 1908 Archive.org. May require a Djvu or BitTorrent plug in for ease of reading. This book is also available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, catalogued as "Frontier And Overseas Expeditions From India(Vol Ii)" 1908 as a [http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/173295 pdf download]. This supplement is also available as a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1908-operations-against-the-zakka-khel-afridis-vol-2-supplement-a-s-pdf/ pdf download], Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset, (if the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'), with [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.1815 Archive.org mirror version].

*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.72779 ''Frontier Warfare. A series of Ten Lectures''] by “Frontier”. Published Bombay. Archive.org. Also available at [https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/afghanuno/163/ Digital Commons @UNO] (University of Nebraska Omaha), where the publication date is given as 1910.*[https://archive.org/details/dli.granth.92297/page/n3/mode/2up ''Handbooks for the Indian Army: Pathans''] by Major R. T. I. Ridgway, 40th Pathans. 1910. Archive.org, mirror from Granth Sanjeevani Asiatic Society of Mumbai.*[https://archive.org/details/b2135957x ''Prevention of Disease and Inefficiency, with special reference to Indian Frontier Warfare''] by Lieut.-Col. Patrick Hehir IMS, Officiating Principal Medical Officer, Burma Division. 2nd Edition - Illustrated and Revised.1911 Archive.org*[http://www.archive.org/stream/campaignsonnorth00nevi#page/n5/mode/2up ''Campaigns on the North-West Frontier''] by Capt H.L.Nevill DSO 1912 (archiveArchive.org)<br>*[http://www.archive.org/stream/fromblackmountai00wyll#page/n5/mode/2up ''From the Black Mountain to Waziristan being an account of the border countries and the more turbulent of the tribes controlled by the North-west frontier province, and of our military relations with them in the past''] by H. C. Wylly 1912 Archive.org<br>*''The Problem Of The North-West Frontier 1890-1908'' by Collin C Davies 1932 is available to read online on the [ [Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, and as a [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/81840 pdf downloadArchive.org version]. Alternatively, it may be downloaded as a pdf mirror from [http://oudl.osmania.ac.in/handle/OUDL/1934 OUDL] Osmania University Digital Libraryof India. May only be available Indian office hours (IST 10 am to 6 pm), (IST = GMT+5:30). It is also available to [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1932-the-problem-of-the-north-west-frontier-1890-1908-by-davies-s-pdf/ download as a pdf] from [[Online books#Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset|Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]], (if the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2516 Archive.org mirror version].

*[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/29514/supplement/3037 "Operations in the Tochi Valley 7th January (Spina Khaisora) and 26 March 1915 (Miramshah)"] ''The London Gazette Supplement'' (17 March 1916), Supplement 20 March 1916. Supplement: 29514 Page: 3037.*[http://www.archive.org/stream/undertenviceroys00woodiala#page/216/mode/2up "Punishing the Bunerwals" <nowiki>[</nowiki>1915<nowiki>]</nowiki>] , page 217 ''Under ten viceroys the reminiscences of a Gurkha'' by Major-General Nigel Woodyatt 1922 Archive.org. Includes the actions at Rustam, and rather briefly Shabdakr in 1915. Also see ''London Gazette'' of despatches to 9th March 1916 below, which includes brief details of the 1915 campaigns.:[https://web.archive.org/web/20120202183711/http://www.greatwardifferent.com/Great_War/Brits_in_Caucasus/India_01.htm 'The Defence of India' by F. A. McKenzie], from ''The Great War'' edited by H.W. Wilson, volume 7, chapter 128. greatwardifferent.com, now an archived website. Scroll down to the section about the North West Frontier including Shabkadar.:''Report from Major General F. Campbell, C.B., D.S.O., General Officer Commanding, 1st (Peshawar) Division on the Operations on the Swat, Buner and Mohmand Borders, 19th June – 25th October, 1915''. See the partial transcription of WO 106/732, The National Archives [UK] below<ref name=Gill>[https://web.archive.org/web/20180703035304/https://gillww1.wordpress.com/tag/operations-against-the-mohmands-bunerwals-and-swatis/ GTG on the North West Frontier 1915] [Capt GT Gill, 2/6 Gurkha Rifles] Scroll down for the partial transcription of TNA WO 106/732. gillww1.wordpress.com</ref>, part of 1915 reports TNA [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/browse/r/h/C4415416 WO 106/732-740].

**[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/29652/supplement/6695 To 9th March 1916] ''LGS'' 4 July 1916. Includes details of operations on the Swat, Buner and Mohmand Borders, based on reports by Major General F. Campbell, one of which is transcribed<ref name=Gill />; [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/30360/supplement/11269 To 31st March 1917] ''LGS'' 31 October 1917; [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31235/supplement/3585 To 31st May 1918] ''LGS'' 17 March 1919; [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/32007/supplement/8157 To 30 April 1919] ''LGS'' 5 August 1920*See [[3rd Afghan War]] 6 May – 8 August 1919.*''Unofficial History'' by Field Marshal Sir William Slim 1962, first published 1959. Archive.org Lending Library.:[https://archive.org/details/unofficialhistor00slim/page/75 "Aid to the Civil"] page 75. “This narrative…is a composite one, made up from the events on three occasions on which the military aided the civil power” (footnote, page 75). Probably c 1919. He was based at Gurampur Fort which is probably a fictional name.:[https://archive.org/details/unofficialhistor00slim/page/101 "Student’s Interlude"] page 101 . On operations Autumn 1920. "A Brigade Column, operating from Thal in the Kurram … took punative action against the village of Panch Pir in Waziristan". (Not known whether this is the actual, or a fictional name).

*[http://www.archive.org/stream/operationsinwa00indi#page/n5/mode/2up ''Operations in Waziristan, 1919-1920(Confidential)''] Compiled by the General Staff Army Headquarters, India 1921 Archive.org<br>*''Waziristan 1919-1920'' by H De Watteville 1925 (one of eight in the series ''Campaigns and Their Lessons'') is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, in TIFF format, and as a [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/54945 pdf download Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.

*[httphttps://wwwdspace.new.dligipe.ernetac.in/xmlui/handle/201510973/29472''Indian Frontier Organisation''] published by the ''Pioneer'' 1920. Pdf download Digital Repository of GIPE-Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics [Pune India].*[https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.449186 ''Official History of Operations on the N.-W. Frontier of India, 1920-35. Parts I, II, III''] [by General Staff Army Headquarters, India ]. Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi 1945. Pdf download Archive.org, mirror from Digital Library of India.**[https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.449186/page/69/mode/2up Page 71] "Part II The Afridi and Red Shirt Rebellion, 1930-31; The Mohmand and Bajaur Operations, 1933".**[https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.449186/page/n197/mode/2up Page 160] "Part III The Loe Agra Campaign - 1935; The Mohmand Campaign - 1935". :Also available in a reprint edition<ref>[https://www.naval-military-press.com/product/official-history-of-operations-on-the-north-west-frontier-of-india-1920-1935/ ''Official History Of Operations On The North-West Frontier Of India 1920-1935''] Naval & Military Press</ref> which in turn is available as part of an online book on the Ancestry owned pay website fold3.<ref name=NWF>[https://www.fold3.com/browse/251/hTGb85NZ8EamDdOvs1LINNg2y ''Official History of Operations on the NW Frontier of India''] fold3 (located in World War2/Military books/India). Consists of 2 books.</ref>

*''Tales of Tirah and Lesser Tibet'' by Lilian A Starr, published 1924 is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, in TIFF format, and as a [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/100747 pdf downloadArchive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India. Includes general comments about the Pathans, based on the author's experience in the Mission Hospital at Peshawar. Also available on the [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.$b258987?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 Hathi Trust Digital Library], and as [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1923-tales-of-tirah-and-lesser-tibet-by-starr-s-pdf/ pdf download], from Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset, (if the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2223 Archive.org Pahar mirror version].*[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/33104/supplement/7595 "An account of the recent operations by the Royal Air Force against certain recalcitrant sections of the Mahsuds in March, April and May, 1925"]. ''London Gazette Supplement'' 20 November 1925.*''Letters of a Once Punjab Frontier Force Officer to his Nephew Giving his Ideas on Fighting on the North West Frontier and in Afghanistan'' by Colonel J P Villiers-Stuart (John Patrick), late Coke’s Rifles PFF. 1925. [https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.6123/mode/2up Archive.org version]; [https://www.indianculture.gov.in/letters-once-punjab-frontier-force-officer-his-nephew-giving-his-ideas-fighting-north-west-frontier indianculture.gov.in version] Read online; download [http://cslrepository.nvli.in//handle/123456789/6123 Central Secretariat Library (CSL)] Digital Repository version; [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1925-letters-of-a-once-punjab-frontier-force-officer-by-villiers-stuart-s-pdf/ Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset version]. (If the catalogue entry does not display a download, look under 'Books/Indian Subcontinent). *[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.52854 ''The Romance Of The Indian Frontiers''] by Lt-Gen Sir George MacMunn, Colonel-Commandant Royal Artillery 1931 Archive.org, Digital Library of India Collection.:''Turmoil and Tragedy in India, 1914 and After'' by Lieut.-General Sir George MacMunn 1935. It is catalogued as ''Turmoil The Tragedy In India 1914''. It is available [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.177667 Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India.

*''Passing It On: Short Talks on Tribal fighting on the North-West Frontier of India'' by General Sir Andrew Skeen , 3rd edition 1934 (originally published 1932) is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, in TIFF format and as a [httphttps://wwwarchive.neworg/details/in.ernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/275472 pdf download Archive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India. A 2010 reprint edition with annotations titled ''Passing It On: Fighting the Pushtun on Afghanistan's Frontier'' was published by the Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworh Kansas. [https://archive.org/details/DTIC_ADA549121/mode/2up Archive.org version], [http://fmso.leavenworth.army.mil/documents/Skeen.pdf pdf]fmso.leavenworth. Note: some of the text may not have been included, at least one probable whole page has been noted.*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1960-hired-to-kill-some-chapters-of-autobiography-by-morris-s-pdf/ ''Turmoil and Tragedy in India, 1914 and AfterHired to Kill: Some Chapters of Autobiography'' ] by LieutCharles John Morris 1960.-General Sir George MacMunn 1935 is available Link to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library a pdf download, PAHAR Mountains of India| Central Asia Digital Library of India]] websiteDataset, (if the catalogue entry does not have a download, in TIFF format. It is catalogued as ''Turmoil The Tragedy In India 1914look under 'Books'). It is also available as [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/dli.newpahar.dli3164 Archive.ernetorg mirror version].in/handle/2015/177667 John Morris was an officer a pdf to download with the [[3rd Gurkha Rifles]] from DLI1918 until 1934 in Palestine, Afghanistan (the [[3rd Afghan War|Third Afghan War]] in 1919), Waziristan and the North West Frontier of India.

*The Loe Agra and Mohmand Campaigns of 1935 are briefly mentioned in two chapters in ''India in 1934-35'', from [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.2015.210573/page/n103/mode/2up page 86] and [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.210573/page/n127/mode/2up page 109] Archive.org. Also see ''Official History of Operations'', above, and [[Mohmand Campaign 1935]].*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.280060/page/n113/mode/2up/ "The Changing Nature of Operations on the North-West Frontier"] by "Shpagwishtama" page 102 ''USI [United Service Institution of India] Journal'' Vol LXVI 1936. Archive.org*[https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.4031/page/n73/mode/2up/ "Defence in the North-West Frontier Province"] by General Sir Kenneth Wigram Page 73 ''Journal Of The Royal Central Asian Society'' - Vol. 24, Pt. 1 1937. A lecture given on November 18, 1936. Archive.org*[https:/handle/2015archive.org/details/dli.ernet.449185 ''Official History of Operations on the N.W. Frontier of India, 1936-37''] [by General Staff Army Headquarters, India ] Published by the Manager of Publications, Delhi. 1943. Archive.org, mirror from Pdf download, Digital Library of India.*:Also available in a reprint edition<ref>[httphttps://www.archivenaval-military-press.orgcom/streamproduct/waziristan193619031345mbp#pageofficial-history-of-operations-on-the-north-west-frontier-of-india-1936-1937/n7''Official History Of Operations On The North-West Frontier Of India 1936-1937''] Naval & Military Press</moderef> which in turn is available as part of an online book on the Ancestry owned pay website fold3.<ref name=NWF/2up >*Also see [[Operations in Waziristan]]. * ''Waziristan 1936- 1937: The problems of the North-West Frontiers of India and their Solutions''] by Lieut Colonel C. E. Bruce 1938 Archiveis available as a download from [http://pahar.orgin/wpfb-file/1938-waziristan-1936-1937-problems-of-north-west-frontiers-of-india-and-solutions-by-bruce-s-pdf/ Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset] which contains a [short] bibliography, also two maps. Missing If the "Bibliography" at the end of the bookdownload button does not display, page 80 onwardslocate under Books/Indian Subcontinent/1938. Also available as a [httphttps://www.newarchive.org/details/dli.ernetpahar.in2719/handlemode/2015/78556 pdf download2up Archive.org mirror version], Digital Library of India . Some other versions on Archive.org are missing a few pages.

*[https://web.archive.org/savedetails/_embed/http://libin.uofkernet.edu/multisites/UofK_lib/images/stories/libpdf/suddli.lib2015.imperial%20policing.pdf 275121 ''Imperial Policing''] by Major-General Sir Charles W Gwynn 1939 Archive.org (pdf), mirror from Digital Library of India. Also available as a Includes [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in275121/handlepage/2015/275121 pdf download], Digital Library of India. Includes n263 Chapter 10, "Peshawar District 1930"], page 253 and [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.275121/page/n405 Chapter 14, "Waziristan 1937" ] page 394. Also available [https://web.archive.org/web/20160610053115/http://lib.uofk.edu/multisites/UofK_lib/images/stories/libpdf/sud.lib.imperial%20policing.pdf Archive.org (pdf)] another digital file, may be slow to open.*''Bugles and a Tiger'' by John Masters is available to read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, in TIFF format or as a [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/278629 pdf downloadArchive.org version], mirror from Digital Library of India; or [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/201985 another pdf downloadArchive.org version]mirror from Digital Library of India, the latter is the 1965 edition or [http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/525270 pdf download, catalogued 1956]. The original edition [http://archive.org/details/buglesandtigervo00mast ''Bugles and a Tiger; a Volume of Autobiography''] published in 1956 is available to read online through the Internet Archive (Archive.org) Lending Library. The main restriction is that only one person can Also see a particular book at one time (so the book may be "on loan')page [[John Masters]]. For more details see :[[Online books#Archivehttps://archive.org|Online books/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.278629/2015.278629.Bugles-And#page/n215/ Pathan social customs] pages 212-Archive213, including the wearing, by men, of roses in their hair.org]]*''India’s North-West Frontier'' by Sir William Barton 1939 may be read online on the [[Online books#Digital Library of India| Digital Library of India]] website, in TIFF format , or as a [httphttps://wwwarchive.org/details/in.newernet.dli.ernet2015.in/handle/2015/281565 pdf download Archive.org mirror version] from Digital Library of India. The author was in the Indian Civil Service and Indian Political Service for 35 years. It is also available to [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1939-indias-north-west-frontier-by-barton-s-pdf/ download as a pdf] from [[Online books#Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset|Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]], (if the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2737 Archive.org Pahar mirror version]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Pell_Barton William Pell Barton] Wikipedia.*[https://www.nzsappers.org.nz/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/Indian-Sappers-and-Miners-1948.pdf ''The Indian Sappers and Miners''] by E. W. C Sandes [Edward Warren Caulfeild] 1948. (726p).nzsappers.org.nz. Covers the period from the pioneers in 1759 to the prelude to the Second World War and includes operations on the North West Frontier at various periods prior to WW2. *Actions in Waziristan continued during WW2, although including the Ahmedzai Campaign, which took place from February to May 1940<ref>dryan67 [http://ww2talk.com/index.php?threads/14-12-frontier-force-regiment-and-the-ajmer-regiment.59699/page-2#post-692427 14/12 Frontier Force Regiment and The Ajmer Regiment] post 25, ''WorldWar2Talk Forum'' 11 December 2015. Retrieved 14 June 2020.</ref> elsewhere referred to as the Ahmadzai Salient operations against the Faqir of Ipi.<ref> Catalogue entry [https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/browse/r/h/7e420dc0-6d0c-4131-ae70-63fa398fe127 8005/151/7 Memoirs of Brigadier William Alston's service in the Indian Army]. National Army Museum, London.</ref> Generally not many WW2 details are not known, but see brief extracts from the regimental history ''Unfaded Glory: The 8th Punjab Regiment 1798-1956'' by Major Rifat Nadeem Ahmad & Major General Rafiuddin Ahmed 2006.<ref>RobG64. [http://ww2talk.com/index.php?threads/8th-punjab-regiment-regimental-history.83313/ 8th Punjab Regiment Regimental History] ''WW2Talk Forum'' 19 January 2020. Retrieved 22 January 2020.</ref> Also see various histories of the Frontier Scouts, below. The T R Moreman 1998 book ''The Army in India...'' below, has a chapter from [https://archive.org/details/armyinindiadevel0000more/page/178/mode/2up page 179]. Awards appearing in the ''London Gazette Supplement''s indicate some of the regiments involved. There were also awards to RAF personnel.[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34977/supplement/6175 1939] ''LGS'' 25 October 1940, [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/35195/supplement/3495 1940] ''LGS'' 20 June 1941, [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/35825/supplement/5495 1942] ''LGS'' 15 December 1942, [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/36261/page/5176 1943] ''LGS'' 25 November 1943

*[https://archive.org/details/ThePathansByOlafCaroe ''The Pathans 550 B.C.-A.D. I957''] by Olaf Caroe 1958 Archive.org. [https://archive.org/stream/ThePathansByOlafCaroe/The-Pathans-By-Olaf-Caroe-ISBN10-%200710306822#page/n5/mode/2up Contents]. [https://archive.org/stream/ThePathansByOlafCaroe/The-Pathans-By-Olaf-Caroe-ISBN10-%200710306822#page/n509/mode/2up Index]. Unfortunately missing illustrations and most maps. Also available as additional [httphttps://wwwarchive.new.dli.ernetorg/search.in/discoverphp?filtertype_1query=title&filter_relational_operator_1=contains&filter_1=Pathans&filtertype_2=author&filter_relational_operator_2=contains&filter_2=Caroe&submit_apply_filter=&rpp=10 multiple pdf downloads%3A%28Pathans%29%20AND%20creator%3A%28Caroe%29 Archive.org Books to Borrow versions], Digital Library of India. Also available as a [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1958-the-pathans-550-bc-to-ad-1957-by-caroe-s-pdf/ pdf download], Pahar- Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. (If the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.3135/page/n1/mode/2up Archive.org Pahar mirror version]. The author was Governor of the N-W Frontier Province 1946-1947.*[https://archive.org/details/frontier183919470000elli/page/n5 ''The Frontier 1839-1947: the Story of the North-West Frontier of India''] by Major-General J G Elliott 1968. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.*[https://archive.org/details/khyberbritishind00mill ''Khyber, British India's north west frontier : the story of an imperial migraine''] by Charles Miller 1977. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.*[https://archive.org/details/afghanwarsnorthw0000bart/mode/2up ''Afghan Wars and the North-West Frontier, 1839-1947''] by Michael Barthorp 2002, first published 1982 as ''The North-West Frontier''. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1985-the-frontier-scouts-by-trench-s-pdf/ ''The Frontier Scouts''] by Charles Chenevix Trench 1985. Link to a pdf download, PAHAR - Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset (MCADD). If the download button does not display, locate under Books/Indian Subcontinent/1985. Also available [https://archive.org/details/frontierscouts0000chen/mode/2up Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library].: Also see [[:Category:Frontier Scouts]].*[https://archive.org/details/armyinindiadevel0000more/page/n5/mode/2up ''The Army in India and the Development of Frontier Warfare, 1849-1947''] by T R Moreman 1998 Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. Based on a 1996 PhD Thesis, also available online, see Histories above.*[https://archive.org/details/soldiersahibsmen0000alle/mode/2up ''Soldier Sahibs : the men who made the North-West Frontier''] by Charles Allen 2001, first published 2000. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. Covers the period 1839-1857.:[https://archive.org/details/godsterroristswa0000alle/page/n5/mode/2up ''God's Terrorists : the Wahhabi cult and hidden roots of modern Jihad''] by Charles Allen 2006. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1935-brief-gazetteer-of-most-important-and-useful-place-names-in-waziristan-district-s-pdf/ ''Brief Gazetteer of Most Important and Useful Place Names in Waziristan District''] by General Staff, Headquarters, Waziristan District. 1935 is available to download as a pdf from [[Online books#Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset|Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset]]. (If the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.2595 Archive.org mirror version]. "Issued separately as Appendix H to the Military Report on Waziristan District, Fifth (1935) Edition".

*''Routes on the North-West Frontier compiled (for political and military reference) under the orders of the Quarter Master General in India, in the Intelligence Branch, in 1887 ; brought up to date in October 1892'' by W.R. Robertson. Confidential.[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1893-routes-on-north-west-frontier-vol-1-by-robertson-confidential-s-pdf Volume I], [http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1893-routes-on-north-west-frontier-vol-2-by-robertson-confidential-s-pdf/ Volume 2] Pdf downloads, Pahar- Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. (If the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books').*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1890-military-routes-to-the-indo-afghan-frontier-by-lessar-secret-s-pdf/ 1890 ''Military Routes to the Indo-Afghan Frontier''] by Lessar (secret)] Notes: At head of title: Secret. "From Russian official "records" of geographical, topographical and statistical materials on Asia. Collected by the Military Scientific Committee of the Headquarters Staff, 1890. Translated for the Intelligence Division of the War Office". HMSO. Author: P. M. Lessar, (Pavel Mikhailovich) Pdf download, Pahar- Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. (If the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.1202 Archive.org mirror version].*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1893-routes-from-russian-territory-toward-afghanistan-and-india-the-pamir-line-of-advance-by-robertson-confidential-s-pdf/ 1893 ''Routes from Russian Territory toward Afghanistan and India - the Pamir line of Advance''] by Robertson (confidential). Full title: ''Routes from Russian Territory in Central Asia towards Afghanistan and India. Section 1, The Pamir line of advance'' compiled in the Intelligence Branch of the Quarter Master General's Department in India by W.R. Robertson. 1893. Contents: pt. 1. Short military report on the Ferghana province, Kashgar, the Pamirs and Upper Oxus Afghan provinces ... - pt. 2. Includes all routes leading from the Chimkend Kuldja postal road to the Hindu Kush between the Dorah and the Karakorum Passes. Pdf download, Pahar- Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. (If the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.1292/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].*[http://pahar.in/wpfb-file/1912-strategical-epitome-of-routes-on-and-beyond-the-north-west-frontier-of-india-by-general-staff-india-confidential-s-pdf/ ''Strategical Epitome of Routes on and beyond the North-West Frontier of India''] by General Staff India (confidential) 1912 Pdf download, Pahar-Mountains of Central Asia Digital Dataset. (If the catalogue entry does not have a download, look under 'Books'). [https://archive.org/details/dli.pahar.1951/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].