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*[http://exhibits.library.duke.edu/exhibits/show/holmes Randolph Bezzant Holmes Photographs, 1910-1919. Northern India and the North-West Frontier Province] Duke University Libraries

*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=6cBXAAAAcAAJ&pg=PP1 ''Mountain Warfare: an essay on the conduct of Military Operations in Mountainous Countries''] by Lieut. Charles Metcalfe MacGregor 2nd edition 1866 Google Books.

*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=xwui4Zn9z1oC&pg=PA217 "The North-West Frontier of India"] by George Campbell, Bengal Civil Service, page 217 ''Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, Volume XIII'' 1870 Google Books.