Changes

The early days in Calcutta are mentioned on page 66, Florence Nightingale and the Health of the Raj by Jharna Gourlay 2003 This article [http://booksshm.googleoxfordjournals.comorg/books?id=egysl1oHBI0C&pg=PA66 Limited View Google Bookscgi/content/abstract/18/3/357 abstract]. Female nursing was introduced in refers to the Army training of midwives in Madras in the late 1860’s, well before Calcutta, see a Government lying-in [http://books.google.com/books?id=egysl1oHBI0C&pg=PA73 page 73obstetrics] of hospital from the same book.Read a review of this book by Ruth Compton [http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/llt/55/br_25.html Brouwer]1840's

Calcutta 1885 page 83, Our Viceregal Life in India, Volume I by Marchioness of Dufferin And Ava 2008 [http://books.google.com/books?id=CEUYY3Gu5kMC&pg=PA83 Limited View Google Books] "[http://www.carefoundation.org.in/Clc_3.htm Nursing in India]" by Shubhada Sakurikar states that for For many years nursing training was the preserve of Europeans and [[Anglo Indian|Anglo-Indians]]. The Jamsetjee Jeejeebhoy (JJ) Hospital ([[Bombay]]) was the first to train nurses in western India. The first Indian lady to come forward for nursing training was Bai Kashibai Ganpat in 1891 in Bombay, implying that European and Eurasians were training prior to this date. In the years that followed, nursing schools were established all over the country in collaboration with government, state and private hospitals.<ref> [http://archive.today/0RAYS ''Nursing in India'' by Shubhada Sakurikar]</ref>

''[http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/node/24216 Missionary women doctors in nineteenth century Delhi]'' by Kaushik Das Gupta states that St Stephens Hospital, Delhi started a training School for nurses under Alice Wilkinson — the first trained British nurse who joined the hospital in 1908. Wilkinson became the hospital's nursing superintendent and is credited with raising the standard of nursing not only in St Stephen's but in the rest of India as well. She founded the Trained Nurses’ Association of India and worked as its secretary until 1948. This <ref> [http://www.superstoresindiaststephenshospital.comorg/organisationsabout.htm link] is about php St Stephen’s Stephen's Hospital, Delhi.] </ref>

Calcutta ===Associations===The Association of Nursing Superintendents was founded in 1905 at [[http://rcnarchiveLucknow]].rcnThe organization was composed of nine European nurses holding administrative posts in hospitals.org.uk/data/VOLUME047-1911/page168-volume47-26thaugust1911.pdf 1911]At the 1908 Annual Conference held in Bombay, [http://rcnarchivea decision was taken to establish the Trained Nurses’ Association.rcnThis Association was inaugurated in 1909.org.uk/data/VOLUME048-1912/page437-volume48-01stjune1912.pdf 1912].Also refer Religious Orders below The Association of Nursing Superintendents and the Trained Nurses’ Association were amalgamated in 1922 and renamed The Trained Nurses’ Association of India (TNAI).

JJ HospitalThe Up-Country Nursing Association for Europeans In India, Bombay [http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME047-1911/page169founded in 1892 in the UK, sent trained nurses to India for employment under local committees nursing sick Europeans in up-volume47-26thaugust1911country districts.pdf 1911]Lady Minto’s Nursing Association, established 1906 in the UK, sent nurses to India, its chief object being to supply trained female nurses and midwives to patients requiring attendance either in their private residences or in public or private hospitals in any part of the Indian Empire.Also refer Religious Orders belowThe former organisation later amalgamated with the latter.

The Economic Development Royal College of India by Vera Anstey first published 1929, reprinted 1977, mentions nurse training on page 81 Nursing Archives (Edinburgh) (see [[Nurse#Other_Libraries_and_Archives|Other Libraries and Archives]]) holds the record "Lady Minto's Indian Nursing Association" (catalogue reference '''C/123'''). This ''British Journal of Nursing'' article gives [http://booksrcnarchive.googlercn.comorg.auuk/data/VOLUME074-1926/bookspage118-volume74-june1926.pdf staff numbers in 1926]. Emma Wilson was working in India with the Lady Minto’s Indian Nursing Association from the 1920’s?id=fq1MVCSqu4sC&pg=PA81 Limited View Google Booksuntil 1947. She was Chief Lady Superintendent from 1938 to 1947. Wilson wrote ''Gone With the Raj'', published 1974.^{[[Nurse#Notes|3]]}

===Associations===The Medical Missionary Association of Nursing Superintendents India was founded established in 1905 at [[Lucknow]]. The organization In 1925 there was composed of nine European nurses holding administrative posts in hospitals. At the 1908 Annual Conference held in Bombay, a decision was taken name change to establish the Trained Nurses’ Association. This Association was inaugurated in 1909. The Association of Nursing Superintendents and the Trained Nurses’ Association were amalgamated in 1922 and renamed The Trained Nurses’ Christian Medical Association of India (TNAI). The Up-Country Nursing Association for Europeans In India, founded in 1892 in the UK, sent trained nurses to India for employment under local committees nursing sick Europeans in up-country districts. Lady Minto’s Nursing Association, established 1906 in the UK, sent nurses to India,its chief object being to supply trained female nurses and midwives to patients requiring attendance either in their private residences or in public or private hospitals in any part of the Indian Empire . The former organisation later amalgamated with the latter.<br> The Royal College of Nursing Archives (Edinburgh) (refer section below) holds the record "Lady Minto's Indian Nursing Association" (catalogue reference '''C/123''').<br> Staff numbers in [http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME074-1926/page118-volume74-june1926.pdf 1926].<br> Emma Wilson was working in India with the Lady Minto’s Indian Nursing Association from the 1920’s? until 1947. She was Chief Lady Superintendent from 1938 to 1947. Wilson wrote ''Gone With the Raj'', published 1974.^{[[Nurse#Notes|3]]}

Historical UK Nursing Journals Online is a an online searchable database of PDF images showing British journal pagesfrom the [https://www.rcn.org. uk/library Royal College of Nursing Library], then select Archives/Family history/Historical nursing journals or direct link [httphttps://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/ Search] ''The Nursing Record'' / ''The British Journal of Nursing'' 1888-1956 image database. There are many mentions of India in these Journals. Examples include::* [http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME047-1911/page168-volume47-26thaugust1911.pdf "Nursing in Calcutta Hospitals"] (1911) :* [http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME048-1912/page437-volume48-01stjune1912.pdf "re report of Calcutta Hospitals"] (1912) :* [http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME047-1911/page169-volume47-26thaugust1911.pdf JJ Hospital, Bombay] (1911)Also see [[Nurse#Historical books online|Historical books online. below]]

In England, legislation was passed in 1919 which became effective from 1921. [[The National Archives]] has Registers of Nurses from 1921 in the series '''DT 10'''. This [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/displaycataloguedetails.asp?CATID=4906&CATLN=3&FullDetails=True link] gives some details about records originating from the General Nursing Council for England and Wales. It seems likely that some Indian trained nurses were also registered in England, as there is an associated series [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/catalogue/displaycataloguedetails.asp?CATID=4914&CATLN=3&accessmethod=5'''DT 18''' ] General Nursing Council for England and Wales: Registrar: Correspondence and Papers, Overseas, which has the following catalogue entries:

It appears that registration of nurses in India commenced on a Provincial basis, first in the 1930’s Madras in the various Provinces 1928 and in Burma from 1922. This RCN link is from [http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME081-1933/page286-volume81-october1933.pdf October 1933] and indicates that the UK and Madras had reciprocal registration.

*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_9-2&cid=1-1-31-8#1-1-31-8 '''IOR/V/25/851/8''' ] (1940)*[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorv_9-2&cid=1-1-31-9#1-1-31-9 '''IOR/V/25/851/9''' ] (1946)

As to *''All Saints Sisters of the registration of nurses and midwives Poor'' indicates this order was in MadrasIndia from 1878. <ref>[https: enactment //books.google.com.au/books?id=XNS_KBCil2AC&pg=PA15 page 15 footnote] ''All Saints Sisters of legislation the Poor: an Anglican Sisterhood in the Nineteenth Century'''IORby Susan Mumm, (published 2001) Google Books</L/E/7/1350ref> All Saints Sisters were at the J.J. Hospital, Bombay from 1880 and at St George’s Hospital Bombay from 1885 until 1902 <ref> ''' File 2905Western medicine and public health in colonial Bombay, 12 Jul 19241845-13 Sep 1935.1895'' by Mridula Ramanna 2002</ref>

===Religious Orders===*The Wantage Sisters ([http://www.thameswebcsmv.co.uk/windsor/windsor1999/csjb01WantageOverseas.html Clewer Sisters] were Sisters from the Anglican htm Community of St John Mary the Baptist from Clewer (near Windsor in England) who came to Calcutta in 1881. They were involvedVirgin],at various timesWantage, with nursing at the Calcutta General HospitalOxfordshire),Medical College Hospitalan Anglican Order, were in [[Bombay]] and the Eden Hospital(a maternity hospital) and also with nurse training through the Calcutta Hospital Nurses Institution, which was based at the Lady Canning Home. Scroll to the end of this [http://anglicanhistory.org/england/ttcarter/life/05.html link[Poona]]for brief details of their work in India. This [http://www.thamesweb.co.uk/books/rajfrom 1874.html link] describes the book <ref>''Sisters A History of Christianity (Volume VI) the RajGreat Century in Northern Africa and Asia 1800-1914'' by Valerie Bonham, (which is available at the British Library), [http:<//booksref> The abbreviation Sr C S M V was used.google.com/books?id=JkrFAAAACAAJ No Preview Google Books]

*==Military Nurses in India==Female nursing was introduced in army hospitals in [[Madras]] in the late 1860’s, well before Calcutta. <ref> Page 73 ''All Saints Sisters Florence Nightingale and the Health of the Poor: an Anglican Sisterhood in the Nineteenth CenturyRaj'' by Susan Mumm Jharna Gourlay (published 20012003) [http://books.google.com.au(page no longer available online)</books?id=XNS_KBCil2AC&pg=PR14 Limited View Google Books] indicates this order was in India from 1878. Available at the BL.ref>

*The Indian Nursing Service for the [[British Army]] in India was founded in 1888, when Miss Catharine Loch and five sisters went to [[Rawalpindi]] and Miss Oxley and three sisters went to [[Bangalore]]. Nurses were recruited in England. (Brief details of the conditions.<ref>''A History Angels and Citizens: British Women as Military Nurses, 1854-1914'' by Anne Summers (1988), page 114, gives brief details of Christianity the conditions (Volume VIpage no longer available online)</ref>) the Great Century . The service became known as Queen Alexandra's Military Nursing Service for India in Northern Africa 1903, and Asia 1800-1914'' in 1926 was amalgamated with Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing Service. <br>The Nursing Service for Indian Troops Hospitals was formed in 1926 (Later renamed the Indian Military Nursing Service). This was a permanent nursing service. In the prior years from 1916 the Indian Government had employed many nurses on six months contract.<ref>royalredcross [Norman]. [httphttps://bookswww.googlegreatwarforum.comorg/topic/274001-qamnsi-nurses/books?iddo=ET8OAAAAQAAJfindComment&pgcomment=PA141 Limited View Google Books2788124 QAMNSI Nurses] indicates that the Wantage Sisters ([http://www''Great War Forum'' 31 July 2019.csmvRetrieved 1 August 2019.co.uk</WantageOverseas.htm Community of St Mary the Virgin],Wantage, Oxfordshire), an Anglican Order, were in [[Bombay]] and [[Poona]] from 1874.ref>

*[http://www.scarletfinders.co.uk/8.html The Military Nursing Services] (scarletfinders.co.uk) Select 'British Military Nurses'and scroll down to Queen Alexandra'Stolen Daughters, Virgin Motherss Military Nursing Service for India. *[http: Anglican Sisterhoods in Victorian Britain//www.qaranc.co.uk/queen-alexandras-imperial-military-nursing-service-for-india.php Queen Alexandra's Military Nursing Service for India] QARANC [(Queen Alexandra' by Susan Mumm (1999s Royal Army Nursing Corps) ]. *[http://bookswww.googlescarletfinders.comco.uk/books?id=QY9qP8pC0uoC&pg=PA8 Limited View Google Books18.html Record of Work in France of Queen Alexandra’s Military Nursing Service For India] gives more details about these three Ordersduring the First World War. Available at the BLscarletfinders.co.uk.

===Additional Books===The work of Australian Army nurses in India in the [[First World War]]:*[https://www.awm.gov.au/blog/2014/10/28/nursing-british-raj/ "Nursing for the British Raj"] by Ashleigh Wadman 28 October 2014 Australian War Memorial website. Suggested further reading includes ''A Guns and Brooches: Australian Army Nursing Sister in Baluchistanfrom the Boer War to the Gulf War'' by Jan Bassett 1997 which by J M Morris 1932 is stated elsewhere<ref> kjharris. [httphttps://bookswww.googlegreatwarforum.comorg/topic/238575-online-articles-aans-australian-nurses-in-india/books?iddo=Ln2UOgAACAAJ No Preview Google BooksfindComment&comment=2424827 Online articles: AANS (Australian nurses) in India]''Great War Forum'' 19 July 2016. Retrieved 15 September 2018.</ref> to provide “the best most accurate info on Australians nursing in India”.Experiences *[https://web.archive.org/web/20160323003112/https://www.awm.gov.au/journal/j36/nurses/ "Reading between unwritten lines: Australian Army nurses in India, 1916-19"] by Ruth Rae. Australian War Memorial website, archived webpage. Describes the 34th Welsh General Hospital (34 WGH) at [[Deolali]].*[http://emhs.org.au/person/brooks/constance_jessie Constance Jessie Brooks] was one of over 500 members of the AANS [Australian Army Nursing Service] who served in India during the First World War although it was not recognised officially as a mission hospital theatre of war. She was posted to Rawalpindi, the Victoria War Hospital in Bombay and subsequently on His Majesty’s Hospital Ship ‘Ellora’, then finally the Gerard Freeman Thomas [War] Hospital in Bombay. In 1919 she married in Quetta from 1921 Available at Bombay, one of the B20 Australian nurses who married in India.*A List of Australian Army nurses who married overseas during WW1 includes those who married in India.<ref> frev (Heather Ford) [https://www.greatwarforum.Lorg/blogs/entry/2836-aans-nurses-who-married-overseas-during-ww1/ AANS NURSES WHO MARRIED OVERSEAS DURING WW1] ''Great War Forum blog'' 15 October 2023, retrieved 18 October 2023.</ref>*"Australian Nurses in India 1916-1919 " commences page 124 ''With Horse and Morse in Mesopotamia : the story of Anzacs in Asia'' edited by Keast Burke 1927, and is available online below.

*Also see Historical books online below.===First World War hospital for wounded Indian soldiers===[http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME054-1915/page185-volume54-6thmarch1915.pdf The Lady Hardinge Hospital at Brockenhurst, in the New Forest, [England<nowiki>]</nowiki> for wounded Indian soldiers] The sisters at the hospital , who performed mainly supervisory duties, all spoke Hindustani.<ref> [http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME054-1915/page185-volume54-6thmarch1915.pdf ''The British Journal of Nursing''ReligionMarch 6, Caste1915 Volume 54, and Genderpage 187].</ref> The newly constructed hospital, consisting of a series of huts, opened 20 January 1915<ref>[http: Missionaries //archive.org/stream/orderofhospitalo00finciala#page/36/mode/2up page 36] ''The Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem, and Nursing History in South Indiaits Grand priory of England''‎ by Meera Abraham H.W. Fincham 1916 Archive.org</ref>, although there had been other hospital facilities from about September 1914<ref>World War 1 document by Hampshire Record Office, page 18 1996 [http://bookswww.hants.googlegov.comuk/rh/archives/ww1.pdf pdf]</books?id=tbftAQAACAAJ ref>, when Balmer Lawns and Forest Park Hotels had been commandeered and fitted out as a medical facility, with temporary structures in the grounds providing additional accommodation. Later Morant Hall became Meerut Indian General Hospital to provide additional accomodation. The Lady Hardinge Hospital for Wounded Indian Soldiers was used from the outbreak of war until the end of 1915, when the Indian Army Corps which it supported, was transferred to Egypt. The Indian hospital was then transferred to Brighton and the Brockenhurst site became No Preview Google Books]1 New Zealand General Hospital. Available at At the Wellcome Librarysame time Morant Hall became Morant War Hospital. For more about Brighton, London see [[Western Front]].

*''Links of Love[https://nfknowledge.org/contributions/brockenhurst-a-first-world-war-hospital-village-1914/#map=10/-1.57/50.81/0/24:0:0.6|39:1:1|40:1: 1 Brockenhurst a First World War Hospital village 1914] by Gareth Owen. nfknowledge.org. This article contains further links and there are a Centenary number of photographs.<br>Names of some of British Links with the Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India'' nurses from BJN 21 November 1914-23 October 1915:[http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME053-1914/page402-volume53-21stnovember1914.pdf 1][http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME054-1915/page026-volume54-9thjanuary1915.pdf by C Howes 2][http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME054-1915/page152-volume54-20thfebruary1915.pdf 2000 3][http://booksrcnarchive.rcn.googleorg.comuk/data/books?id=i3s8AAAACAAJ No Preview Google BooksVOLUME054-1915/page171-volume54-27thfebruary1915.pdf 4][http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME054-1915/page278-volume54-3rdapril1915.pdf 5][http://rcnarchive. Available at the Royal College of Nursing Library, Londonrcn.org.uk/data/VOLUME055-1915/page337-volume55-23rdoctober1915.pdf 6]

==Military Nurses in India=Second World War===The Indian Nursing Service for the [[British Army]] in India was founded in 1888. Nurses were recruited in England. [http://books.google.com/See Historical books?id=cuIOAAAAQAAJ&lpg=PA114 Page 114] of Angels and Citizens: British Women as Military Nurses, 1854-1914 by Anne Summers 1988 ( Limited View Google Books) gives brief details of the conditions. The service became known as Queen Alexandra's Military Nursing Service for India in 1903online, and in 1926 was amalgamated with Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing Service. This [http://www.scarletfinders.co.uk/8.html link] gives more details. Select 'British Military Nurses' and scroll down to Queen Alexandra's Military Nursing Service for Indiarefer below.

During [[Second World War|WW2]] a large group of VADs left London who ended up working near the Burma Front.<ref>catblues44. [http://boards.ancestry.com.au/topics.Military.wwii.nurses/191/mb.ashx V.A.D. nurses London] ''Rootsweb Message Board: Military: World War II: Nurses'' 19 May 2015. Mentions the book '' Sister Sahibs: The VADs With the 14th Army 1944-46'' by Marian Robertston. Retrieved 16 December 2016.</ref>===Records about Military Nursing===*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=72PNDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT137 "Researching the Indian Army Nursing Service/QAMSI"] (digital page 137?) ''Tracing Your Service Women Ancestors: A Guide for Family Historians'' by Mary Ingham. Google Books. Advises that the Indian Army List has some details from 1891 and that QAMSI also appear in ''Thacker’s Indian Medical Directory''.**See '''[[Indian Army List online]]'''**''Thacker's Indian Medical Directory''. For availability , see [[Doctor#Lists of medical officers| Doctor - Lists of medical officers - Other lists]]. *:'''Note''', the 1931 ''Thacker's'' is known to contain entries for nurses, but it is not clear whether all editions do so. For online editions, see [[Directories online#Thacker's Indian Directory|Directories online - Thacker's Indian Directory]].====Records at the British Library about Military Nursing====

*The Indian Nursing Service-Registers of Candidates [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlmil_4-3_3&cid=1-1-1#1-1-1 '''IOR/L/MIL/9/430-432''' ] (1887-1920). The nurses were recruited in England.*Collection 262 Indian Nursing Service [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlmil_3-2_1-4&cid=1-1-39#1-1-39 '''IOR/L/MIL/7/11316-11616''' ] (1886-1940), which includes items 262/1-270 and 262A/1-188 with many individual names mentioned.*Collection 262/103 [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/a2a/records.aspx?cat=059-iorlmil_3-2_1-4&cid=1-1-39-106#1-1-39-106 '''IOR/L/MIL/7/11421''' ] (1913) states "Candidates for Queen Alexandra's Military Nursing Service for India must either be of British parentage or naturalised British subjects."

Other records are listed on this the British Library webpage, now archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20180818085807/http://www.bl.uk/reshelp/findhelpsubjectfindhelpregion/historyasia/genealogyindia/indiaofficerecordsfamilyhistory/occupations/indianmedicalservice/indianmedical.html British Library webpageIndian Medical Service].

===Books=Records at the National Archives====*The National Archives Research Guide [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/british-army-nurses/ British Army nurses] contains no specific reference to India.*''A Memoir[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documentsonline/nursing.asp Nursing Service Records, by Catharine Grace LochFirst World War] allows search and download of information. The records relate to "over 15, Royal Red Cross000 First World War service records for nurses who served in the Queen Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing Service, Senior Lady Superintendent the Queen Alexandra's Alexandra’s Imperial Military Nursing Service for India'' (published 1905Reserve) and the Territorial Force Nursing Service". Some records relate to a period before the First World War but none post date 1939. ==Online records==*[http://www.archiveawin1.orgcom/detailsawclick.php?mid=2114&id=201071 findmypast] contains a database "Military Nurses 1856-1994" (located in Armed forces & conflict/catharinegracel01bradgoog ArchiveRegimental & service records).org Full View] These are five sets of records transcribed from those held at National Archives, and other sources, as explained in a findmypast [http://bookswww.googlefindmypast.com.au/articles/world-records/full-list-of-united-kingdom-records/armed-forces-and-conflict/books?id=0pUPAAAAYAAJ No preview Google Bookmilitary-nurses-1856-1994 article]. These include 783 names from Queen Alexandra's Imperial Military Nursing Service. (Free to search but pay for full view).*''The Maturing Sun: an Army Nurse Ancestry, a pay website, contains the following databases, located in India 1942-1945'' by A Bolton Schools, Directories & Church Histories (1986). Available at Search the BL [httphttps://bookswww.googleancestry.comco.uk/search/collections/catalog/books?idlimitToCountry=S3E_IwAACAAJ No Preview Google Books1 Card Catalogue])**UK & Ireland, Nursing Registers, 1898-1968 (source: Royal College of Nursing, London)**Scotland, Nursing Applications, 1921-1945 (source: Royal College of Nursing, London)*''Sister Sahibs; the VAD*UK & Ireland, Queen's with the 14th ArmyNursing Institute Roll of Nurses, 1891-1931 (source: Wellcome Library, London)**UK, The Midwives Roll, 19441904-46'' by M Robertson 1959 (1987source: Wellcome Library, London):[https://www.rcn.org. Available at uk/library/archives/family-history Family History/Digital publications] Royal College of Nursing website includes some details of the BL Ancestry databases. ==Singapore==*[http://bookssmj.googlesma.comorg.sg/2601/books?id=MHFXAAAACAAJ 2601smj7.pdf The Origins of Nursing in Singapore] by YK Lee MD Singapore Medical Journal Volume 26, No Preview Google Books]1,1985, page 53*''Catch Me a Nightingale'' by Joan Ash (1991).Available at the BL [http://bookswww.sma.googleorg.comsg/smj/4611/books?id=x1PxPQAACAAJ No Preview Google Books] includes wartime 4611cen1.pdf Nursing and the beginnings of specialised nursing experience in India.early Singapore] by YK Lee Singapore Medical Journal Volume 46 No 11 2005, page 600

:*[http://rcnarchive.rcn.org.uk/ Archive Search] - browse or search the historical journals and '''read online,''' and browse or search the archive catalogue.:*[http://rcn-library.rcn.org.uk/uhtbin/cgisirsi/HD7MJcxPP6/LONDON/190020009/60/502/X Library Catalogue]. Some of the books mentioned in this article are also available at the Library in London.

*[http://library.wellcome.ac.uk/index.html Wellcome Library] London NW1 [http://library.wellcome.ac.uk/catalogues.html Catalogue]. Many of the books mentioned in this article are also available at this Library.

*The FIBIS database contains the following records:**[http://wwwfibis.search.fibisourarchives.org/frontisonline/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=462&s_id=0 Nursing Personnel 1944] photograph**[http://www.searchfibis.fibisourarchives.org/frontisonline/bin/aps_browse_sources.php?mode=browse_components&id=419&s_id=0 List of Qualified Midwives, European and East Indian from the Government Lying-in-Hospital, Madras, 1865]*"Image of a Qualification Certificate to practice as a midwife granted by the Government Maternity Hospital Madras" to Jane Bullock, dated 4th September 1909(?). There is a statement on the certificate advising “This institution is recognised as a training School by the Central Midwives’ Board, London”. Previously, but seemingly not currently, available on FIBIS on Facebook.*"Indian Army Prisoners of War in the Second World War" by Hedley Sutton ''FIBIS Journal, No 12 (Autumn 2004)''. For details of how to access this article online, see [[FIBIS Journals]]. An alphabetical listing by surname of nearly 900 Indian Army personnel who became prisoners of war between 1941 and 1945 is available at the British Library. Most were held by the Japanese, with some held by the Italians.The vast majority are Europeans, but a handful of Indians are recorded; plus a few Indian Medical Service nursing sisters *"Medals to a Nurse" by Allan Stanistreet ''FIBIS Journal Number 28 (Autumn 2012)'' pages 39-40. Miss W McGregor was a member of the '''Temporary Nursing Service, India''' during the [[First World War]]. See [[FIBIS Journals]] for details of how to access this article*"'Some hot water quickly' – Sister Sallie’s Kaisar-i-Hind" by Kimberley John Lindsay ''FIBIS Journal Number 35 (Spring 2016)'' pages 11-17. For details of how to access this article, see [[FIBIS Journals]]. Sarah (Sallie) Maria Round worked as a Missionary Nurse with the All Saints Sisters, mainly in the Bombay Presidency, but latterly at Peshawar, receiving the medal in 1946.==External links==*The kidnapping of Mollie Ellis from [[Kohat]] cantonment by Afridi tribesmen from the Khyber Pass region 14 April 1923 and the rescue expedition which included Mrs Lilian Starr matron at the [[Peshawar]] Mission Hospital. [https://web.archive.org/web/20111103080544/http://michaelelambert.com/main/pdf/The_Kidnapping_of_Mollie_Ellis_by_Afridi_Tribesmem-Michael_E_Lambert%20_C_.pdf "The Kidnapping of Mollie Ellis by Afridi Tribesmen" by Michael E Lambert], now archived. [http://www.lookandlearn.com/blog/?p=3641 Article from Lookandlearn.com], [http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/4946412546/ Photographs] from the Illustrated London News (26 May 1923 pages 894-895 ) Flickr.com. An account of her rescue mission ''Tales of Tirah and Lesser Tibet'' by Lilian A Starr, published 1924 is available to read online on [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.100747 Archive.org].*Mrs Adela Cottle (born Adela Collins) (1861-1940) She was active in the St John Ambulance Brigade and the Red Cross in Calcutta, for over forty years, particularly during World War 1 and the post war period. Her awards included [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire CBE], and the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaisar-i-Hind Kaisar-i-Hind] silver medal in 1915 <ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/indianbiographic00raoc#page/22/mode/2up page 23 of the Appendix, ''The Indian Biographical Dictionary'' 1915]. Edited by C. Hayavadana Rao Archive.org. There was also an obituary in ''The Times'' [London] dated 22 February 1940.</ref>*[http://greatwarnurses.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/miss-loch-and-indian-nursing-service.html Miss Loch and the Indian Nursing Service] greatwarnurses.blogspot.co.uk. (See also Historical books online section below for memoir)*[https://doi.org/10.1177/2377960820920128 "Historical Trajectory of Men in Nursing in India"] by Sathish Kumar Jayapal and Judie Arulappan, first published May 13, 2020. Male nurses were permitted from 1939 in Madras Presidency.*WW2 [http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ww2peopleswar/stories/26/a1307026.shtml Wartime Memories of a Nurse] by Kitty Calcutt. Includes a posting to 3 B.M.N.S.U. British Mobile Neuro-Surgical Unit. Number 3 at [[Comilla|Camilla]], which treated soldiers from the Burma frontline. bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar

# The book is only available in [http://books.google.com/books?id=pndtAAAAMAAJ Snippet View Google Books] but is available full view here on the website [http://www.archive.org/detailsstream/historyofnursing00toolrich archive#page/336/mode/2up ''A History of Nursing in the British Empire''] by Sarah A. Southall Tooley (published 1906) has a section on India, pages 339-349. Archive.org].# Wilson's book is available at the BL and in snippet view on [http://books.google.com/books?id=1LAWAAAAMAAJ Google Books]. ==References==<references />