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The immediate cause of the punitive expedition was the assassination of the British resident [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_W.W._Birch J.W.W.Birch] Government adviser to the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sultan_of_Perak Sultan of Perak]. An expeditionary force was sent which fought a number of engagements subduing the territory which was occupied for a year.