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*[https://archive.org/details/lostanzacsstoryo00greg/page/n3/mode/2up ''Lost Anzacs : the story of two brothers''] by Greg Kerr 1998. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. With extracts from the diaries of Australians George Kitchin Kerr, 1892-1965 and Hedley Kitchin, 1894-1915. Hedley died at Gallipoli and it was here George was captured, eventually spending years as a POW at Belemedik in Turkey.
→External links
*Kastamuni, Kastamouni, Kastamonu, Castamuni , Castamouni, Castamonu, Castamoni, Castamowni
*Kiangri, Kangri, Changri, Çankırı, Cankiri, Cangara. Situated approximately mid-way between Ankara and the internment centre at Kastamuni (Kastamonu)<ref name =Nor>"Captivity in Turkey: from the diaries of Lieutenant Colonel Francis Cecil Lodge Part 2: January-December 1917", refer External links above.</ref>
*Konia, Konya
*Entelli, Entilli, Intilli, Intille, Intaley. A work camp in the Amanus Mountains.
*Gedis, Gediz, Gadiz. Appears to have been established late 1917, about 60 miles north-west of Afion.<ref name=Nor/>
:The situations in respect of Australian POWs, after the end of the war, is covered by Kate Ariotti in ''Coping With Captivity: Australian POWs of the Turks and the impact of imprisonment during the First World War'', in "Armistice and Homecoming", part of Chapter Six, page 195, refer External links, below.
The most common evacuation route appears to have been by ship, from a Turkish port to Alexandria in Egypt, by another ship to Italy, (e.g. Brindisi or Tarranto), and then by train to Britain. (More details of the route.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20200703014236/http://www.forcespostalhistorysociety.org.uk/journal_archive/journals-current---291/journal-300o.pdf "Overland Route to the East 1917-1919"] by Andrew Brooks ''Forces Postal History Society Journal'' No 300 Summer 2014, page 179, now an archived webpage. May be slow to open.</ref>)
Some returned POWs from Turkey are mentioned in the ''Weekly Casualty List''s, see [[British Army#WW1 Casualty Lists|British Army - WW1 Casualty Lists]]. As an example ''Weekly Casualty List'' No. 82, 25th February 1919, page 7 contains some names. <ref>charlie962. [https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/276732-ssgt-jem-brunskill-ramc-was-he-a-turkish-pow/?do=findComment&comment=2820973 S/Sgt J.E.M Brunskill RAMC - was he a Turkish POW ?] ''Great War Forum'' 14 November 2019. Retrieved 18 November 2019. [https://digital.nls.uk/british-military-lists/archive/194175362 ''Weekly Casualty List'' No. 82, 25th February 1919, page 7] National Library of Scotland.</ref>
It appears there were many deaths of prisoners in Mesopotamia. There are records of deaths at a Prisoners Camp at Mosul.
==Additional information==
===Also see===
*[[Chaplains Returns]] for information about GRO War deaths databases including "War Deaths Indian Services 1914-1921".
===External links===
*[http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-5362C4RD9uk/Ug1O52l5NgI/AAAAAAAAPA4/F38OXgUwk8A/s1600/1915+place+names-14.jpg Map: place names in East and South East of Ottoman Domain with Latin alphabet, before 1915: Sivas region]. From website Mavi Boncuk, ([http://boncuk1.rssing.com/chan-23614969/all_p4.html page 4], 08/15/13 scroll down). This is only one of a series maps which may be downloaded from the 08/15/13 post on page 4, or [https://app.box.com/s/n304osmvwcjl7tie9m1r direct pdf link, 16 pages, including the Adana region]. [https://archive.org/details/1915-turkey-place-names/mode/1up Archive.org mirror version].
*[http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1916/oct/12/british-prisoners-of-war British Prisoners Of War] House of Commons 12 October 1916. Lists the location of where British prisoners are detained in Turley. hansard.millbanksystems.com
*[https://api.parliament.uk/historic-hansard/lords/1918/nov/14/repatriation-of-prisoners-of-war Repatriation Of Prisoners Of War] Hansard HL Deb 14 November 1918. Includes “As regards Turkey, a considerable number of prisoners have already arrived in Egypt and other districts under our control’… “The bulk of these prisoners will be concentrated at Smyrna, and will be brought home via Italy and France as soon as possible”
*The Liddle Collection at the University of Leeds has a number of books, manuscripts and tapes, including transcripts in its collection, relating to Prisoners of War in Turkey. For catalogue references, use terms such as prisoner, Turkey in the [http://library.leeds.ac.uk/special-collections-explore Search]. Includes a photocopy of the book ''The Sufferings of the Kut Garrison during their March into Turkey as Prisoners of War, 1916-1917'' by F A Harvey, Lt & Q-Mr, published 1922. (The author was in the 2nd Battalion, [[54th Regiment of Foot|Dorsetshire Regiment]], and this book was privately printed after his death in 1921, as a memorial. Another photocopy is available at the Imperial War Museums). Note, the actual items do not appear to be available online.
*Foreign Office Files (FO 383) at the National Archives:
**[https://onedrive.live.com/view.aspx?resid=8DF1E713C2B47BF5!568&ithint=file%2cpdf&app=WordPdf&authkey=!AEkNEeEoAkHHztY Finding Aid: Foreign Office Files (FO 383) at the National Archives: Regarding Military & Civilian Prisoners of War: List of Files and Contents: 1915-1919]. Compiled September 2014 by seaforthsof the Great War Forum, and now available as a pdf from that Forum.<ref> seaforths. [https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/218552-foreign-office-files-on-pows-fo-383/ "?do=findComment&comment=3074906 Foreign Office Files on POWs (FO 383)"] ''Great War Forum'' 30 September 201412 December 2021. Retrieved 19 June 201813 December 2021.</ref> Contains a FIND (Search) function. This link now requires a Microsoft sign in. Current status unclear. onedrive.live.com. Contains references such as "FO 383/090 1915 Description: Turkey: Prisoners, including…"
**Catalogue entry [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C2617474 FO 383/231 Turkey. Prisoners...] includes mention of camps at Magnesia, Smyrna, Tchoroum, and transfer of British and French prisoners from camps at Kiangri and Afion Kara Hissar to Bosanti for employment on railway construction.
** Other records from FO 383 include catalogue entries [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C2617578 Turkey: prisoners FO 383/335], [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C2617695 Turkey: Prisoners FO 383/452] and FO 383/456 File 117571 (03/09/1918) Various lists: Nominal role of British Officers, Warrant Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers, Men and Indian military personnel held at Afrion Kara Hissar, Kedos, Konia, and Magnesia in Turkey providing rank, name and unit/ship… 2. List of Assistant Surgeons of the Indian Medical Service: PoWs in Turkey. 3. List of Sub Assistant Surgeons of the Indian Medical Service; PoWs inTurkey…<ref>themonsstar. [https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/114664-pows/?do=findComment&comment=1094884 POWs] ''Great War Forum'' 13 January 2009. Retrieved 19 June 2018.</ref>
*The British Library collection contains the book ''Çanakkale Muharebeleri'nin esirleri : ifadeler ve mektuplar = Prisoners of war at the Çanakkale Battles : testimonies and letters'' (in two volumes) by Ahmet Tetik, Y. Serdar Demirtaş, Sema Demirtaş. UIN: BLL01015395994 [http://explore.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?menuitem=0&fromTop=true&fromPreferences=false&fromEshelf=false&vid=BLVU1 Search the catalogue]. In Turkish and English. Contains Lists of prisoners taken at [[Gallipoli]] (Çanakkale) derived from records in Turkish Archives. (Sample pages.<ref> emrezmen. [https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/260865-allied-pow/?do=findComment&comment=2642881 Allied PoW] ''Great War Forum'' 6 May 2018. Retrieved 20 July 2019.</ref>)
*Another Turkish language publication is ''Kralın Esir Askerleri (I. Dünya Savaşı'nda Anadolu'daki İngiliz Esirleri ve Esir Kampları)'' by Mahmut Akkor, Google Translate title ''King's Prisoner Soldiers (British Prisoners and Prison Camps in Anatolia during the First World War''). (Details.<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/331787111_Kralin_Esir_Askerleri_I_Dunya_Savasi%27nda_Anadolu%27daki_Ingiliz_Esirleri_ve_Esir_Kamplari Kralın Esir Askerleri (I. Dünya Savaşı'nda Anadolu'daki İngiliz Esirleri ve Esir Kampları)] by Mahmut Akkor 2019. researchgate.net. Publisher: Yeditepe Yayinevi ISBN 978-6052070-48-2 </ref>)
:2013 Doctoral thesis, Turkish language [http://kizilaytarih.org/makale-tez/tz004.pdf ''I. Dünya Savaşı'nda Anadolu'daki İngiliz Esirleri ve Esir Kampları''] by Mahmut Akkor. kizilaytarih.org. Use [https://translate.google.com Google Translate] for individual sections.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170624075844/http://www.cwgc.org/about-us/what-we-do/archive.aspx Commonwealth War Graves Commission Archive], (archived webpage) located in the Head Office in Maidenhead, England. The Catalogue Records relating to Turkey are available in this [https://web.archive.org/web/20170528152821/http://www.cwgc.org/about-us/what-we-do/archive/archive-catalogue.aspx link] (archived page) then select Archive Catalogue Part 1 Sections 07-08, then scroll down. There is an online [http://archive.cwgc.org CWGC Archive catalogue Search] (which includes some digitised items, but not currently (2017/12) any relating to Turkey). The Archive includes a [http://archive.cwgc.org/TreeBrowse.aspx?src=CalmView.Catalog&field=RefNo&key=CWGC%2fLIB Library].
*[http://encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net/article/prisoners_of_war_ottoman_empiremiddle_east "Prisoners of War (Ottoman Empire/Middle East)"] by Yücel Yanıkdağ . Scroll down to the section "Entente Prisoners of War in the Ottoman Empire" encyclopedia.1914-1918-online.net. The mortality rate of the British and Dominion prisoners in Ottoman captivity was very high.
:[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=RA-JBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA146 “Australian Prisoners of the Turks: Negotiating Culture Clash in Captivity”] by Kate Ariotti, pages 146-166 ''Other Fronts, Other Wars?: First World War Studies on the Eve of the Centennial''. 2014 Google Books
*[http://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1002&context=tharts ''Capturing Captivity: Australian Prisoners of the Great War''] by Julia Smart. 2013 Honours thesis, University Of Wollongong. uow.edu.au. Includes details of personal accounts, and bibliography relating to Turkey. Note, the abstract of the paper gives the title as ''Capturing Captivity: Australian Prisons of the Great War''.
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynlmIq79OzI "Guests of the Sultan: Gallipoli POW" - Zoom Talk 2] by Stephen Chambers 23 February 2021. ''Gallipoli Association'' YouTube video (1:34:05).
*[http://www.levantineheritage.com/prisoners.htm Archive photos of Allied prisoners in Turkish hands] Levantine Heritage Foundation.
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/50074978@N06/albums/72157626048387648/with/8374464884/ Photograph Collection: Researche about WW1-Eastern Front]. Includes an image titled [https://www.flickr.com/photos/50074978@N06/8368013255/in/album-72157626048387648/ “Internment Camps in Turkey”], from an unknown source, perhaps French. Also includes some maps in respect of Kut, and includes some unattributed images of pages from ''In Kut and Captivity : with the Sixth Indian Division'' by Major EWC Sandes, refer online books below.
*[http://www.winkleighheroes.co.uk/level3/kutdeathmarch.htm Prisoners of the Turks: the fate of Frederick William Davey and Frank Turner following the surrender of Kut] winkleighheroes.co.uk
*[http://twgpp.org/downloads/news/TWGPP_Newsletter_Winter_2012.pdf Scroll to: "A Prisoner of the Turks"] by Brian and Mari Walker, Winter 2012 Newsletter ''The War Graves Photographic Project''. twgpp.org. Herbert George May 9th Light Horse Regiment 5th Reinforcement, died of disease at Ngde (north of the Taurus Mountains) 26 September 1917. Private Colin Spencer Campbell, 2nd Light Horse Field Ambulance was captured in Palestine 26-3-17, and was sent to Bagtche (Amanus Mountains) to work on the railway line, where discipline was harsh. He subsequently went to Jarbaschi, another working camp , and when sick with malaria, to Bore camp (north of the Taurus Mountains).
*[https://www.awm.gov.au/collection/A02265/ Group portrait of Australian prisoners at Afion Kara Hissar [Officers<nowiki>]</nowiki>] (awm.gov.au) includes at least two who published accounts: Lieutenant L H Luscombe of the 14th Battalion AIF captured on Gallipoli on 8 August 1915 and Captain J A Brown, a Sydney doctor serving as a Medical Officer [Australian Army Medical Corps] with the Gloucestershire Yeomanry, captured on the Palestine front in 1916. Their books were: ''The Story of Harold Earl – Australian'' by L H Luscombe published Brisbane 1970 and ''Turkish Days and Ways'' by James Brown published Sydney 1940, the latter available online, see below.
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/50074978@N06/albums/72157625382067978 Photo Collection World War 1, Gallipoli,Mesopotamia, Anatolia]. lncludes photographs of the POW prison and hospital at Adana.
:[https://www.flickr.com/photos/50074978@N06/albums/72157625385520788 Photo collection: journey along the track of the WW1 POW's allied in Turkey] Includes photos of Afion Kara Hissar.
*[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/de-berlin-baghdad-3.htm Berlin-Baghdad Railway - The Great War] globalsecurity.org
*[https://repositories.lib.utexas.edu/bitstream/handle/2152/22585/ATWOOD-MASTERSREPORT-2013.pdf ''The Baghdad Railway''] by Valerie H. Atwood. Report presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of the University of Texas at Austin in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts, The University of Texas at Austin, May, 2013.
*"The Baghdad Railway and the Armenian Genocide, 1915-1916. A Case Study in German Resistance and Complicity" by Hilmar Kaiser. Chapter 3, page 67, from ''Remembrance and Denial: the Case of the Armenian Genocide'' edited by Richard G Hovannisian 1998. [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=kiBHkRtRmIIC&pg=PA67 Google Books version], [https://web.archive.org/web/20180505003756/http://www.seyfocenter.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/11/HILMA_KAISER_GERMAN_Baghdad_Rail.pdf Archive.org version]-(The Archive. org link may be slow to open, or you may need to change browses, e.g. to Chrome.) Includes general information about the Baghdad Railway.
====Historical books online====
*[https://archive.org/details/bastardwarmeso00bark/page/246/mode/2up "Chapter 13 Captivity"] page 246 ''The Bastard War: the Mesopotamian Campaign of 1914-1918'' by A. J Barker (Lieut.-Colonel Arthur James Barker) 1967. UK title ''The Neglected War: Mesopotamia, 1914-1918''. Reprinted in 2009 with the title ''The First Iraq War: 1914-1918''. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. Barker was also the author of ''Townshend of Kut : a biography of Major-General Sir Charles Townshend'' 1967.
:[https://archive.org/details/poemsincaptivity00stiluoft ''Poems in Captivity''] by John Still 1919 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/secretsofkuttit00mous ''The Secrets of a Kuttite, an Authentic Story of Kut, Adventures in Captivity and Stamboul Intrigue''] by Captain E O Mousley, RFA 1921 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/fromkastamunito00woolgoog ''From Kastamuni to Kedos: Being a Record of Experiences of Prisoners of War in Turkey, 1916-1918''] by C L Woolley, Capt. RFA 1921. Archive.org. Note: Final pages, from page 178, are missing including part of "List of Orderlies". [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Woolley Leonard Woolley] Wikipedia. He was an archaeologist, in Intelligence during the war, see [https://archive. He wrote an autobiography org/details/in.gov.ignca.36027/page/87/mode/2up Chapter IV, "War Time Memories" page 88] from the book ''As I seem to remember'' (1962). In Agatha Christie’s ''Murder in Mesopotamia'', Dr Leidner, the chief, is a "barely concealed portrait" of Woolley.<ref>
[https://web.archive.org/web/20091025145800/http://www.geocities.com/hvf_win/AGATHA2.htm Lecture to Friends of the British Museum by HVF Winston] 29 January 2002, now an archived webpage. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=title%3A%28Murder%20Mesopotamia%29 ''Murder in Mesopotamia''] by Agatha Christie 1936. Archive.org text and audio versions.</ref>
*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.$b302550?urlappend=%3Bseq=11 ''Turkey in Travail: the Birth of a New Nation''] by Harold Armstrong (Lately Assistant and Acting Military Attache to the High Commissioner , Constantinople) 1925 Hathi Trust Digital Library. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.61410 Archive.org/DLI version]. The initial chapters cover the fall of Kut and the author’s experiences as POW in Turkey. He appears to have then been an officer in an Indian Army regiment.
*Sample chapters from [http://www.saradistribution.com/otherranksofkut.htm ''Other Ranks of Kut''] by P. W. Long, M.M. Flight Sergeant R.A.F, 1938. Transcription of the Preface, Author’s Note, Chapter One and Chapter Six only, with details of the titles of the remaining chapters. saradistribution.com. The author was at the time Driver Percy Walter Long, 67528, 63rd Battery, R.F.A.<ref>[http://www.rushdenheritage.co.uk/war/longDriverPW.html Driver P. W. Long] 63rd Battery, R.F.A. rushdenheritage.co.uk. [https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/31759/supplement/1230 The London Gazette Supplement] 27/30 January 1920, page 1230</ref> Long’s account starts on 30th April 1916, the day after the surrender of Kut. From the preface by Sir Arnold Wilson, M.P. “Of 2,592 British rank and file taken prisoner at Kut, 70 per cent died in captivity”. Also available in a reprint edition,<ref>[https://www.naval-military-press.com/product/other-ranks-of-kut/ ''Other Ranks Of Kut''] by P. W. Long. Naval & Military Press.</ref> which in turn is available to read online on the Ancestry owned pay website fold3, [https://www.fold3.com/browse/251/hTGb85NZ807HO4jJ8lLh7Wlag ''Other Ranks of Kut''], (located in World War2/Military books/Iraq).
*[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/D7733856 ''First and Second Interim Reports from the Committee of Enquiry into Breaches of the Laws of War, with Appendices'' 3 June 1919] CAB 24/85/6 Records of the Cabinet Office, The National Archives. Link to a free download. Includes pages on Turkey/Ottoman Empire, including the march from Kut, (at page 194), Damascus Hospital (page 234). <ref> PRC. [https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/276732-ssgt-jem-brunskill-ramc-was-he-a-turkish-pow/?do=findComment&comment=2824064 S/Sgt J.E.M Brunskill RAMC - was he a Turkish POW ?] ''Great War Forum ''23 November 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2019.</ref>
*[http://www.scarletfinders.co.uk/179.html Report on hospitals conditions for Prisoners of War in Nazareth and Damascus] The National Archives, FO 383/530. Report of Miss Edith Johncock, Matron of the British Hospital Nazareth, regarding the treatment of Prisoners of War (dated 1919). She had been Matron of the British Hospital in Nazareth from 1905, and became a prisoner of the Turks for four years, 3 years in Nazareth, and almost a year in Damascus. scarletfinders.co.uk
*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015014437605?urlappend=%3Bseq=25 ''Adventures in the Near East, 1918-1922''], by A. Rawlinson 1924 Hathi Trust Digital Library. [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015014437605?urlappend=%3Bseq=348 Pages 272-333] describe the author's imprisonment, when on 18 March 1920, he, and four British soldiers he commanded, were arrested by Turkish Nationalist Troops and confined for 20 months, until exchanged for Turkish prisoners 31 October 1921.
*''Turkish Days and Ways'' by James Brown MD 1940. The author was a Scot who had lived in Australia most of his life who qualified as a doctor in Edinburgh during WW1 and became a Lieutenant RAMC. He was in a Field Ambulance, serving with a Brigade of Yeomanry at the time of capture at Katia near Romani, twenty three miles from the Suez Canal, c April 1916. He was a POW at Afyon Karahisar. [https://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/2232939 Catalogue details], [https://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-2819290002 digital file] nla.gov.au.
*[https://archive.org/details/lostanzacsstoryo00greg/page/n3/mode/2up ''Lost Anzacs : the story of two brothers''] by Greg Kerr 1998. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. With extracts from the diaries of Australians George Kitchin Kerr, 1892-1965 and Hedley Kitchin, 1894-1915. Hedley died at Gallipoli and it was here George was captured, eventually spending years as a POW at Belemedik in Turkey.
*[https://www.forces-war-records.co.uk/documents/2457/the-early-first-world-war-iraq-campaign-november-1914-april-1916-and-captivity-in-turkey/ ''The Early First World War Iraq Campaign, November 1914 - April 1916, and Captivity in Turkey''] by Brigadier KBS Crawford. A transcribed digitised account prepared by his son Nigel Crawford 2014. KBS Crawford was part of the Royal Engineers, with the 3rd Bombay Sappers and Miners. He was present at the fall of Kut, having been wounded in December 1915 and still on the sick list, and eventually arrived at Afion Kara Hissar. "Captivity" commences digital page 19. ''Forces War Records'', generally a pay website, but this digital file, classified as a War Diary in the Historical Documents Library, is accessible for free.
*[http://www.mq.edu.au/about_us/faculties_and_departments/faculty_of_arts/mhpir/research/research_by_staff/gallipoli_centenary_research_project/project_outcomes/translated_turkish_works_on_gallipoli/#crescent Sample of Red Crescent Documents] relating to POWs from “Translated Turkish Works on Gallipoli”, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
*[https://archive.org/details/anamericanphysic00usshuoft ''An American Physician in Turkey : a narrative of adventures in peace and in war''] by Clarence D Ussher and Grace H Knapp 1917 Archive.org. The author was a medical missionary. The chapters from [https://archive.org/stream/anamericanphysic00usshuoft#page/212/mode/2up page 213] cover the war period.
====Baghdad Railway====
*[http://digi.landesbibliothek.at/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:at:AT-OOeLB-1954408 Railway Map of Turkey: Summer 1914] Digital page 205, ''Der Kampf um die Dardanellen 1915'', part of the series ''Schlachten des Weltkrieges''. The Digital State Library of Upper Austria.
*[http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/images/berlin-baghdad-bahn-map-1916.jpg C 1916 Map showing Route of the Baghdad Railway] showing yet to be constructed tunnels. globalsecurity.org. Full title: Sketch Map to Illustrate The Operations In Mesopotamia and the Route of the Baghdad Railway. Elsewhere it is stated that this map is not a correct representation of the state of the Baghdad railway during WW1, as it shows the link from Konya ending at Bulgurlu; in fact, that portion of the line was open as far as Karapunar<ref>[http://www.corkpsc.org/db.php?mid=917 Palestine: Information with Provenance (PIWP database)] corkpsc.org</ref>
*[https://digi.landesbibliothek.at/viewer/resolver?urn=urn:nbn:at:AT-OOeLB-2063972 Map: The Turkish Railways as of the summer of 1918] Übersichtskarte der Türkei: Die türkischen Eisenbahnen nach dem Stande vom Sommer 1918. Digital page 201 ''Schlachten des Weltkrieges Band 4. Jildirim'', 1925. The Digital State Library of Upper Austria.
*[https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.82983/2015.82983.Through-Asiatic-Turkey-Vol-2#page/n287/mode/2up "The Railway Question"] Chapter XIV, page 275 ''Through Asiatic Turkey. Narrative of a Journey from Bombay to the Bosphorus, Volume II'' by Grattan Geary, Editor of ''The Times of India'' 1878 Archive.org
*[http://menadoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/landau/content/titleinfo/213119 ''Report by Major Law on Railways in Asiatic Turkey : with five maps ; presented to both Houses of Parliament by Command of Her Majesty ; May 1896''] Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt.
*[https://archive.org/stream/cu31924012679548#page/n108/mode/1up Page 89] ''The Post Office of India in the Great War'' edited by H.A. Sams 1922 Archive.org indicates that after the War, Indian troops were guarding the railway line in the Taurus Mountains, and that there were Indian Field Post Offices in the vicinity.
*[http://www.levantineheritage.com/wolf.htm Extract pages from ''The Diplomatic History of the Baghdad Railway''] by John B. Wolf, ''University of Missouri Studies'', Volume XI, no 2, April 1936. Includes Content and most of the Bibliography pages, and a Map of Turkish Railways in 1914. levantineheritage.com
*[https://archive.org/details/eaglesoncrescent00webe/page/106/mode/2up "Chapter 4 Trouble in the Balkans and on the Baghdad Railway"] page 106 ''Eagles on the Crescent: Germany, Austria, and the Diplomacy of the Turkish Alliance, 1914-1918'' by Frank G Weber 1970. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
*[https://archive.org/details/DTIC_ADA138432 ''The Berlin-Baghdad Railway as a cause of World War I''] by Arthur P Maloney 1984. ''Professional Paper 401, January 1984'' Center for Naval Analyses, Alexandria, Virginia. Archive.org
*[http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2078 ''German imperialism in the Ottoman empire: a comparative study''] by Niles Stefan Illich 2007 Doctoral dissertation, Texas A&M University.
