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Royal Air Force

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Records
On 13 April 1912 King George V signed a royal warrant establishing the '''Royal Flying Corps''' ('''RFC'''). The Air Battalion of the Royal Engineers became the '''Military Wing''' of the Royal Flying Corps a month later on 13 May 1912.
 
The RFC originally came under the responsibility of Brigadier-General Henderson, the Director of Military Training, and had separate branches for the Army and the Navy.<ref> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royal_Flying_Corps Royal Flying Corps] Wikipedia</ref>
 
The Naval branch was formally separated and and renamed as the '''Royal Naval Air Service''' ('''RNAS''') on 1 July 1914.
 
On 1 April 1918 the two services were merged again to form the '''Royal Air Force''' ('''RAF''').
 
==Records==
*The National Archives guides: How to look for records of...
[https://www.facebook.com/RoyalArtilleryArchive/posts/2512155679110384 Post dated 1 July 2018. Royal Artillery Museum Archive on Facebook]</ref>
**[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/royal-air-force-personnel/ Royal Air Force personnel]
*Imperial War Museums guide, published 2006, see Historical books online, below. Note that due to date of publication online sources are not included.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20160705183112/http://www.bl.uk:80/reshelp/findhelpregion/asia/india/indiaofficerecordsfamilyhistory/occupations/royalairforce/raf.html Royal Air Force in India] British Library Help for Researchers, now an archived webpage.
*British Library Guide [https://www.bl.uk/britishlibrary/~/media/subjects%20images/government%20publications/pdfs/service-list-army-navy.pdf?la=en "Service Lists for the Army, Navy and Air Force"]. This is a download, which you will probably need to locate in your downloads folder. [https://archive.org/details/servicelistsarmynavyairfguide Archive.org version]. For details of online Lists, see the following items.
*Online [http://archive.org/search.php?query=collection%3Anlsairforcelists&sort=-publicdate Air Force Lists] from the collection of the [http://archive.org/details/nationallibraryofscotland National Library of Scotland on Archive.org]
:The Lists were initially published on a monthly basis. Currently available (at April 2012) are
|[https://archive.org/details/monthlyairfordec1919grea December 1919], [https://archive.org/stream/monthlyairfordec1919grea#page/n5/mode/2up Contents]
|}
:*1938 January-September, November, December. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1938%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1938 editions]:*1939 January-August, October-December. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1939%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1939 editions]:*1940 February-June, August, October, December. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1940%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1940 editions]:*1941-1943 January, March, May, July, September, November. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1941%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1941 editions], [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1942%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1942 editions], [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1943%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1943 editions]:*1944 January, March, May, July, October. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1944%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1944 editions]:*1945 January, April, July. [https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28+++1945%29+AND+title%3A%28Air+Force+List%29&sort=publicdate 1945 editions]:*Also on Archive.org, but not from the National Library of Scotland collection,::''The Air Force List'', a monthly publication. January editions for [https://archive.org/details/air-force-list-1928-jan/page/n7/mode/2up 1928; 1929; 1930; 1931]; [https://archive.org/details/air-force-list-1932-jan/page/n7/mode/2up 1932; 1933; 1934; 1935]. ::[https://archive.org/search.php?query=title%3A%28%22Air+Force+List%22%29+AND+date%3A%5B1946-01-01+TO+2022-12-31%5D&sort=date Air Force List for 1949-1955, 1957, 1960-1965, 1991] Archive.org, 1991 edition Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. 1949 edition is the last quarterly edition, other editions are yearly editions.
:The Most of the above, and additional editions, are also available (free) on the website of the of the NLS as [http://digital.nls.uk/93506069 ''Air Force List''s: 1919-1922 and 1938-1945], which may be read online or downloaded. Also there are transcriptions available, together with a '''Search''' facility. There are ''Monthly Air Force List''s 1919-1922 (missing January 1919, December 1920) and ''Air Force List''s monthly 1938-May 1940 (missing Oct. 1938, Jan. 1940), bimonthly June 1940- July 1944, and quarterly Oct. 1944-July 1945.
: Data from most of the editions (probably all) from the NLS are also available to search on findmypast in a database "Royal Air Force Lists 1919-1945",<ref>[https://search.findmypast.co.uk/search-world-Records/royal-air-force-lists-1919-1945 Royal Air Force Lists 1919-1945] findmypast</ref> located in Armed Forces & Conflict/Regimental & Service Records. However, the editions may only be browsed with difficulty, but appear to be classified similarly to the NLS database.
**1937, April
:Note, it is unclear in what form these lists are held.
*'''Note''': Some details of the earlier Royal Flying Corps appeared in the'' Naval Lists'', for example [https://archive.org/stream/navylistjan1915grea#page/714/mode/1up January 1915 ''Naval List''] includes Royal Naval Air Service and Military Wing. At a certain point, the Military Wing details appear to have been dropped. For online Naval Lists, see [[Military periodicals online#Navy List|Military periodicals online -Navy Lists]]. Later Royal Flying Corps information appears to have been included details also appear in the '''''Monthly'''Army ListsList''s (but not the ''Quarterly Army List'' .For online editions s) from at least January 1915, see the same Fibiwiki page [[Military periodicals online#Monthly Army List|Military periodicals online - Monthly Army List]].  *Held on the pay website findmypast Findmypast (see [[Royal_Air_Force#External_links|External links]] section), are datasets in the category Armed forces & conflict, titled
**British Royal Air Force, Officers' Service Records 1912-1920 (sub category: Service Records)
**British Royal Air Force, Airmen's Service Records 1912-1939 (sub category Service Records). *:There is also a dataset on Ancestry (pay website) UK, Royal Air Force Airmen Records, 1918-1940 (category Military, released 2017/7), which appears to consist of a transcription on Ancestry, with images available on the associated fold3 (pay) website.*:[[FamilySearch]], a free website contains a dataset (introduced 2023/01) [https://www.familysearch.org/search/collection/2305506 United Kingdom, Royal Air Force Service Records, 1912-1945 Index records] consisting of Index records from the AIR 79 record series at The National Archives, Kew. Note: You must be signed in to FamilySearch to view the records. FamilySearch do not advise the exact records included, so it is possible that this is only a '''selection''' of records from AIR 79. (Images are available at [[FamilySearch Centres]] and FamilySearch Affiliate Libraries, in addition to images from the same series on Findmypast and fold3).
**British Women's Royal Air Force Service Records 1918-1920 (sub category: Service Records)
**British Royal Air Force, Gallantry Awards 1914-1919 (sub category: Medal rolls and honours}
:b. Extension: 8163/8168 for Other Ranks
:See the web page [https://www.gov.uk/requests-for-personal-data-and-service-records Requests for personal data and Service records] (gov.uk) for forms to download. Also see [httphttps://www.veteransgov.uk/get-copy-military-service-records Get a copy of military service records] (gov.uk).info/service_records/service_recordsIt is now possible to apply online for RAF records, using a debit or credit card, but you also need a digital copy of the death certificate of the person you’re requesting the records of, in the correct format.html Veterans:UK]
:Also refer to the [[British Army #Army personnel serving after January 1921|equivalent section on the Fibiwiki page British Army]] for some hints which possibly also apply to Royal Air Force records such as requesting FULL records.
*The Royal Air Force Museum, London, refer [[Royal Air Force#External links|External links]] below, holds some records including First World War Casualty Cards, which extend to 1928 and cover all theatres of operations. Casualty Cards records and Officers' Casualty Forms (the latter service records) have now been digitised, and are freely available.
*The website Royal Flying Corps, refer [[Royal Air Force#External links|External links]] below, includes a People Index, derived from a number of different sources.
*From Stephen Lewis[https://archive.org/details/casualties-honours-rfcmilw/page/n1/mode/2up ' ''Soldiers MemorialsRoyal Flying Corps Military Wing. Casualties and Honours during the war of 1914-17'']. Compiled by Captain G. L. Campbell, RFA ... assisted by R. H. Blinkhorn 1917 Archive.org**An article in ''Royal Air Force Quarterly, July 1935'' recorded the name of every officer serving with the Royal Flying Corps in July 1914, just before the outbreak of war. (Previously, but seemingly no longer, available online). This series of Journals is available at the British Library from 1930 UIN: BLL01009228648 [http://wwwexplore.angelfirebl.comuk/mpBLVU1:LSCOP-ALL:BLL01009228648 catalogue entry].*The book ''A Contemptible Little Flying Corps : being a definitive and previously non-existent roll of those Warrant officers, N.C.O.'s and airmen who served in the Royal Flying Corps prior to the outbreak of the First World War'' by I. McInnes and J.V. Webb. 1991. Available at the British Library UIN: BLL01010990717 and the National Archives Library [https:/memorials/rafpeshtna.htm Royal Air Force 1922 koha-ptfs.co.uk/cgi-bin/koha/opac- 27: Memorial detail.pl?biblionumber=49359 catalogue entry]. Also available in Sta reprint edition. John's Church, Peshawar] **<ref>[httphttps://www.angelfirenaval-military-press.com/mpproduct/memorialscontemptible-little-flying-corps/ ''A Contemptible Little Flying Corps''] Naval & Military Press reprint edition]</rafmemsxref> A listing with mini-biography of all the non-commissioned airmen, the men on the ground who kept the planes in the air and the guns firing, who enlisted in the RFC from 1912 to prior to the outbreak of war in August 1914. Includes those who later became pilots.htm Royal Air Force Quetta Earthquake Memorial]
*Books by SD and DB Jarvis, originally published 1993, and available in reprint editions.
:''The Cross Of Sacrifice. Vol. 2: Officers Who Died in the Service of the Royal Navy, RNR, RNVR, RM, RNAS and RAF, 1914-1919''. Available at the British Library UIN: BLL01008822978 (Reprint edition.<ref>[https://www.naval-military-press.com/product/cross-of-sacrifice-vol-2-officers-who-died-in-the-service-of-the-royal-navy-rnr-rnvr-rm-rnas-and-raf-1914-1919/ ''Cross Of Sacrifice. Vol. 2: Officers Who Died in the Service of the Royal Navy, RNR, RNVR, RM, RNAS and RAF, 1914-1919''] Naval & Military Press</ref>)
:The three books are available at The National Archives Library [https://tna.koha-ptfs.co.uk/cgi-bin/koha/opac-detail.pl?biblionumber=2271&shelfbrowse_itemnumber=3023 catalogue entry].
:Officers who died in Service of the Royal Flying Corps are identified in Volume 1, (Sample pages [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=6IK-BAAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover ''The Cross of Sacrifice: Officers Who Died in the Service of British, Indian and East African Regiments and Corps, 1914-1919''] Google Books) or Volume 3 ''The Cross of Sacrifice: Officers Who Died in the Service of Commonwealth and Colonial Regiments and Corps'', and these volumes are also available at the British Library and in reprint editions.
*From Stephen Lewis' ''Soldiers Memorials''
**[http://www.angelfire.com/mp/memorials/rafpesh.htm Royal Air Force 1922 - 27: Memorial in St. John's Church, Peshawar]
**[http://www.angelfire.com/mp/memorials/rafmemsx.htm Royal Air Force Quetta Earthquake Memorial]
*A book of reference is ''Royal Air Force Flying Training and Support Units since 1912'' by Ray Sturtivant with John Hamlin 2007. This is a revised expanded edition of ''Royal Air Force Flying Training and Support Units'' by Ray Sturtivant, John Hamlin and James J. Halley 1997, both published by the aviation society Air-Britain, and both available at the British Library UIN: BLL01013944781 (2007) and UIN: BLL01012371366 (1997) (More details.<ref>Carnaby. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200329113032/https://www.airfieldresearchgroup.org.uk/forum/research-media/3320-raf-flying-training-support-units-ray-sturtivant-john-hamlin-james-j-halley Royal Air Force Flying Training and Support Units (Since 1912) by Ray Sturtivant, John Hamlin and James J Halley] ''Airfields Research Group Forum'' 09 December 2010. Retrieved 29 March 2020.</ref>)
:'''Update 2018/03''': Online [https://www.casualtyforms.org Officer’s Casualty Forms]. Consists of records relating to the service of Royal Air Force Officers with the Expeditionary Force. Searchable. A companion website of the Royal Air Force Museum. Tips for searching,<ref>Ross_McNeill et al. [http://www.rafcommands.com/forum/showthread.php?22584-RFC-RAF-Casualty-Forms RFC/RAF Casualty Forms] ''Royal Air Force Commands Forum'' 29th January 2018. Retrieved 22 March 2018.</ref> including advice that some digital records actually have two digital images. '''Update 2019/12''': There is now a button for the second page where it exists.<ref>pierssc. [https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/277589-officers-casualty-forms/?do=findComment&comment=2833231 Officer's Casualty Forms] ''Great War Forum'' 25 December 2019. Retrieved 26 December 2019.</ref> (Previous advice was that the second digital image may be located by increasing the number in the record URL by 1, which was not then currently (2018/03/22) otherwise stated. Also applies to records with more pages, keep increasing the number in the record URL by 1, until you come to a different record).
*[http://www.airhistory.org.uk/rfc/home.html Royal Flying Corps] airhistory.org.uk. Includes [http://www.airhistory.org.uk/rfc/abbreviations.html Abbreviations] useful for interpreting service records. Also includes a People Index which is a database and index of aircrew and officer names.
*Mesopotamia(now Iraq)
**[http://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/bitstream/10092/2085/1/Thesis_fulltext.pdf ''Cavalry Of The Clouds: Aspects of the Air War in the Eastern Theatre,1914-1918''] by C H Whitley 1997. A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in History in the University of Canterbury. A pdf download, which depending on your browser, you may need to locate in your downloads folder.
**[https://issuu.com/eamonngearon/docs/the_role_of_the_royal_airforce_in_iraq ''The Role of the Royal Air Force in Iraq Under the British Mandate, 1920-1932''] by Eamonn Gearon 2008. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MA, Near and Middle Eastern Studies, of the School of Oriental and African Studies (University of London). issuu.com
**[http://mhhv.org.au/wp-content/uploads/The-AFC-in-Hotter-Climes-The-Air-War-Over-the-Desert-Dr-Mark-Lax-OAM-Air-Commodore-RAAF-Rtd-Former-Director-General-of-Strategic-Policy.pdf‪ "The AFC In Hotter Climes: The Air War Over The Mesopotamian Desert"] by Air Commodore Mark Lax. Part of the conference ''By The Seat Of Their Pants'' the Proceedings of the Conference held at the RAAF Museum, Point Cook by Military History And Heritage Victoria 12 November 2012.
**[http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=ODT19160404.2.38 "In Mesopotamia"] ''Otago Daily Times'' , Issue 16660, 4 April 1916, Page 6. Flight Lieutenant J W H Scotland first entered the service of the Indian Government as an aviator, and subsequently served in Mesopotamia.
**[http://corregidor.org/acgq/web_redirect_3628.3645.8883/forum_pages/omh_0605_2.html The Mesopotamian Half Flight Diary 1915-1916] corregidor.org. Two Indian Army Officers and pilots and other aircrew from Australia.
**Some photographs of the RAF in Mesopotamia in the early 1920s may be found in [https://www.flickr.com/photos/sdasmarchives/sets/72157629974581728 The Edwin Newman Collection] from SDASM Archives San Diego Air & Space Museum on flickr.com. Also contains photos from Egypt, Palestine etc, and later periods. Includes [https://www.flickr.com/photos/sdasmarchives/7304659134/in/album-72157629974581728 Armoured Car] which elsewhere<ref> [https://www.worthpoint.com/worthopedia/pre-ww2-british-rolls-royce-armoured-531971633 Pre WW2 British No.1 Rolls Royce Armoured Car Company RAF Iraq 1920 Photo] Worthpoint</ref> is described as Iraq 1920: Number 1 Armoured Car Company RAF, No.4 Section, No.33, His Majesty's Armoured Car (HMAC) "TIGRIS". Also [https://www.flickr.com/photos/sdasmarchives/7304646530/in/album-72157629974581728/ Ready for action [Many armoured cars<nowiki>]</nowiki>] and [https://www.flickr.com/photos/sdasmarchives/7304645982/in/album-72157629974581728/ HMAC Victory, RAF ] Possibly has [No.] 11added.**[http://www.rafacciraq.com RAF Armoured Car Companies in Iraq 1920-1945] includes [http://www.rafacciraq.com/bibliography.html Bibliography] rafacciraq.com*: [http://mmpbooks.biz/mmp/tables/Vehicle_Names_V4.pdf Vehicle Names, Tanks and Armoured Cars, Version 4] believed to be dated 6 April 2015. Includes RAF Armoured Cars. Author not stated.*:[https://archive.org/details/ordersdeco2017dixn/page/n208/mode/1up Squadron Leader GE Godsave RAF commanded No.4 Armoured Car Company] Archive.org. **Baghdad [https://www.stevebusterjohnson.com/raf-hinaidi-burials-database Burials at Hinaidi RAF Cemetery, (now Ma'Asker Al Raschid RAF Cemetery): Searchable Database of 299 Graves] from 1921-1937. [https://www.stevebusterjohnson.com/_files/ugd/8b4727_2d077ae0211b4083826259f69fc1773f.pdf Direct pdf, edition 8 July 2022] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20220708233325/https://www.stevebusterjohnson.com/_files/ugd/8b4727_2d077ae0211b4083826259f69fc1773f.pdf archived]). 196 of the 299 graves are for Royal Air Force casualties from eight RAF squadrons. Also includes Armoured Car Company deaths. There are also 71 graves for British Army personnel, 2 Royal Navy and 30 civilian. There are additional internal links about the cemetery. ''6 Squadron, Books & Early Military Aviation'' website.
*[http://www.rafweb.org/Menu.htm Air of Authority - A History of RAF Organisation]. The Site Map & Main Menu includes details, including units based there, of various RAF Stations worldwide, listed alphabetically. Not all RAF Stations in India are included, but of those available for India, the following is a selection: [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-A.htm#Agra Agra] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-A.htm#Ambala Ambala] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-A.htm#Asansol Asanol] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-B.htm#Baigachi Baigachi] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-B.htm#Bhopal Bhopal] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-C.htm#Chaklala Chaklala, Rawalpindi] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-D.htm#Delhi Delhi] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-D.htm#Dum%20Dum Dum Dum, Calcutta] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-K.htm#Kohat Kohat] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-K.htm#Kolar Kolar] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-K.htm#Karachi Karachi (including Drigh Road)] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-L.htm#Lahore Lahore] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-M.htm#Mauripur Mauripur, in the vicinity of Karachi] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-P.htm#Peshawar Peshawar] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-P.htm#Poona Poona] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-R.htm#Ranchi Ranchi] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-R.htm#Risalpur Risalpur] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-S.htm#St%20Thomas%20Mount St Thomas Mount] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-S.htm#Secunderabad Secunderabad] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-T.htm#Trichinopoly Trichinopoly] [http://www.rafweb.org/Stations/Stations-V.htm#Vizagapatam Vizagapatam] (retrieved 27 June 2014)
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/90553739@N06 reddin68's photostream on flickr.com] taken by a member of the 31 Squadron in the NWFP during and after WW1
*[http://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205090524 Photograph: Pack mule at Miranshah Fort, laden with a wireless transmitter set from 20 Squadron RAF (interwar period)] Imperial War Museums
*[http://www.airspacemag.com/military-aviation/The-Bombing-of-Waziristan.html The Bombing of Waziristan (c 1924-1939)] by Graham Chandler ''Air & Space magazine'', July 2011
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170809020344/http://www.airpowerstudies.co.uk/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/apr14no3.pdf "“Good God, Sir, Are You Hurt?” The Realities and Perils of Operating over India’s Troublesome North-West Frontier"] by Lieutenant Colonel Andrew Roe ''Air Power Review Volume 14 Number 3 Autumn/Winter 2011'' Centre for Air Power Studies, Royal Air Force, pages 61-82 (computer file pages 72-93), archived.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140508060510/http://www.bcmh.org.uk/archive/conferences/2012AirGroundConingham.pdf "Air/Ground Cooperation between the RAF and the Indian Army in Waziristan 1936-1937"] by Simon Coningham, British Commission for Military History, Summer Conference 2012–Indian Armies, now archived.
*''Royal Air Force Historical Society Journal 48'' 2010. [http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rafmuseum.org.uk%2Fdocuments%2FResearch%2FRAF-Historical-Society-Journals/Journal_48_Seminar_the_ME_Mespot_Iraq_NW_Frontier_4_FTS.pdf html version], [http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/documents/Research/RAF-Historical-Society-Journals/Journal_48_Seminar_the_ME_Mespot_Iraq_NW_Frontier_4_FTS.pdf pdf] rafmuseum.org.uk. [https://web.archive.org/web/20170228083017/http://www.raf.mod.uk/rafcms/mediafiles/F1840A3A_5056_A318_A802860440CD93A9.pdf raf.mod.uk version], now archived. Includes
**"Only A Sideshow? The RFC And RAF In Mesopotamia 1914-1918" by Guy Warner pages 9-19 and "The RAF Armoured Car Companies In Iraq (Mostly) 1921-1947" by Dr Christopher Morris pages 20-38.
*[http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/id/eprint/7681 ''Inter-war, inter-service friction on the North-West frontier of India and its impact on the development and application of RAF doctrine''] by Andrew John Charles Walters 2018. University of Birmingham. Ph.D. Thesis. Air power’s potential was never fully exploited.
:[https://www.raf.mod.uk/what-we-do/centre-for-air-and-space-power-studies/documents1/vol-21-no-1-raf100-special-edition/ “RAF Inter-War Operations on the North-West Frontier”] by Wing Commander Dr Andrew Walters page 110 (digital page 112) ''Air Power Review'' Volume 21, No.1 Spring 2018. raf.mod.uk*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170514160852/http://www.au.af.mil/au/afri/aspj/airchronicles/apj/apj00/win00/corum.htm#corum "The Myth of Air Control: Reassessing the History"] by Dr. James S. Corum ''Aerospace Power Journal'' - Winter 2000. A historical look at air-control operations in the British Empire during the first half of the twentieth century. au.af.mil, archived.
*[http://www.xisquadronassociation.co.uk/history.html XI(F) Squadron Association]. No XI Squadron, RAF saw service on India’s Northwest frontier, from 1929, and in Burma from September 1943.
*Online [http://digital.wolfsonian.org/WOLF017525/00001 Photograph album of views from Iraq, India and Egypt 1932 – 1935] The images relating to India are pages [http://digital.wolfsonian.org/WOLF017525/00001/22j 20]- [http://digital.wolfsonian.org/WOLF017525/00001/40j 38]. Also one page, 31, [http://digital.wolfsonian.org/WOLF017527/00001/33j On the North West Frontier 1934] from another album. The photographs are thought to have been taken by T Fuller, who, while he was in India, was with 27 Squadron RAF, based at [[Kohat]]. Wolfsonian-FIU, (Miami Florida). To enlarge the images, click on "Page Turner".
*Details of [http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/4128 Film: India, North-West Frontier, 1937]. colonialfilm.org.uk. Film shows various military scenes, including numerous scenes of the RAF in action, bombing, shooting and dropping leaflets in Waziristan. Details of the military actions. Note, the film is not available online.
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zF7bonzCaPg Waziristan In 1937 AD.Flv] YouTube video. The description of the video says North-West Frontier, South Waziristan in 1937 AD. Film shows various military scenes, including numerous scenes of the RAF in action, bombing, shooting and dropping leaflets in Waziristan.
*These [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330085944/http://isp.ans.com.au/~rampais/genelogy/ggphotos/index.htm photographs] have subjects which are of a Military nature and were taken by Gordon Gibbons during his tour of duty in the Northwest Frontier of India, now Pakistan, with the RAF from 1937 to 1940. Bob Holland’s Raimpais website, archived. Includes**[https://web.archive.org/web/20190330094407/http://isp.ans.com.au/~rampais/genelogy/ggphotos/military/miranshah1.htm Miranshah Fort, NWF 1939] "Because the fort was subject to continual intermittent sniper fire the aircraft were started up inside the fort and at the last minute the gates were opened and the aircraft took off. Upon return the aircraft had to land outside and quickly taxi up to the gates which were opened just in time for them to enter and then closed again to keep out any natives with bad intentions..."**[https://web.archive.org/web/20190330094318/http://isp.ans.com.au/~rampais/genelogy/ggphotos/military/convoy2.htm Convoy Miranshah-Bannu road NWF] "It was at this gorge that the convoy of 450 personnel were held up for 4 days by deadly accurate sniper fire coming from a cave high up on the cliff face. Finally the C.O. flying dangerously close to the cliff face was able to lob a bomb into the cave and kill the sniper…"
*[http://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1243&dat=19381130&id=eCpPAAAAIBAJ&sjid=zh8EAAAAIBAJ&pg=4898,1064455 "Carrier Pigeons in British Army"] ''The Bend Bulletin, Bend, Oregon'' - December 8, 1938, page 8 (Google coded Nov 30, 1938). The South Waziristan Scouts and an RAF flight from Miranshah, after a carrier pigeon message is received. Google Newspapers.
* ''Bracknell Paper No 6: A Symposium on the Far East War'' [WW2] 24 March 1995. Available through the [http://www.rafmuseum.org.uk/research/default/raf-historical-society-journals.aspx Royal Air Force Museum website] (scroll down)
*Medal Roll for India General Service Medal with clasps 1919-1935: RAF personnel. Surnames A-Brymer only. Includes the Squadrons present. [http://docs.google.com/viewer?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naval-military-press.com%2Fpdf%2F1843420155.pdf html version] [http://www.naval-military-press.com/pdf/1843420155.pdf pdf version] naval-military-press.com. Retrieved 9 August 2014
*[http://www.crossandcockade.com Cross & Cockade International (CCI)] Journal of the First World War Aviation Historical Society. Cross & Cockade GB was formed in, and published from, 1970 as the British arm of ''Cross & Cockade'' in the USA, which was formed in 1960. The name changed to ''Cross & Cockade International'' when the US society ceased in 1986. In 1986 ''Cross & Cockade'' [USA] amalgamated with/became associated with [https://www.overthefront.com Over the Front], Journal of the League of WWI Aviation Historians, which holds the archives of ''Cross & Cockade'' [USA] 1960-1985. The British ''Journals'' are available at the British Library and Imperial War Museums. The IWM catalogue lists the USA ''Journals'' holdings as ''C&C'' Vol 1 1960- Vol 23 1982 (LBY E.J. 5156 but also see LBY E. 45573), ''OTF'' Vol 1 1986- Vol 11 1996 (LBY E.J. 64).
:[https://www.crossandcockade.com/blog.asp?display=200 262 ''CCI Journal'' Indexup to Vol. 50] and [https://www.crossandcockade.com/blog.asp?category=14 Recent Journals]. ''CCI Journal''s include a series of articles "Gazetteer of Flying Sites in the UK and Ireland 1912–1920", [https://www.crossandcockade.com/uploads/Vol1to49GazetteerofFlyingSitesIndex.pdf catalogue details for the ''Gazetteer'' articles], together with Index.
:CCI website includes a Forum.
:[http://toto.lib.unca.edu/findingaids/mss/sargent_roland/cross_and_cockade.html ''C&C'' [USA<nowiki>]</nowiki> Index: Volumes 1-26 1960-1985] missing 5 quarterly issues. [http://toto.lib.unca.edu/findingaids/mss/sargent_roland/over_the_front.html ''Over the Front'' Index: Volumes 1-16 1986-2001] toto.lib.unca.edu. University of North Carolina at Asheville holds the volumes listed.
*[http://www.angelfire.com/mp/memorials/rafpesh.htm Royal Air Force 1922 - 27: Memorial in St. John's Church, Peshawar] and [http://www.angelfire.com/mp/memorials/rafmemsx.htm Royal Air Force Quetta Earthquake Memorial] 1935, both from [http://www.angelfire.com/mp/memorials/memindz1.htm Soldiers Memorials] by Stephen Lewis.
*[https://www.raf.mod.uk/what-we-do/centre-for-air-and-space-power-studies/publications/ Online editions of ''The Air and Space Power Review''], a publication of Royal Air Force Centre for Air and Space Power Studies (RAF CASPS) include some, especially Special Editions, relating to historical periods. raf.mod.uk
=== Individuals===
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20200424234706/https://www.cwgc.org/history-and-archives/cwgc-archive/efiles/welinkar Lieutenant Shri Krishna Chanda Welinkar] Indian, pilot 23 Squadron RAF died in action in France 27 June 1918 buried Hangard Communal Cemetery Extension, after originally being buried as a German officer. cwgc.org, archived webpage.
*[http://www.slsa.sa.gov.au/archivaldocs/prg/PRG266_7_1-150_Gilbert_letters_transcript.pdf Letters written by Thomas Gilbert] to his parents and other family members, chiefly from India. State Library of South Australia. [http://www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au:80/record=b2187028~S1 Catalogue link].
:Page 49 30.12.16 Notified he is to be posted to Egypt for training in flying; Page 53 28.1.17 He commences training at Aboukir, Abbasia, Heliopolis; Page 67 23.6.17 Advised he is to be posted to England; Page 75 9 Sept 1917. He receives notice he will be posted to India; Page 82 27.11.17 114th Squadron. R.F.C. [[Lahore]]; Page 92 18.3.18 Transferred to [[Sibi]], Baluchistan The war against the Marris; Page 96 23.4.18 Harnai; Page 97, 6.5.18; The squadron prepare to leave for [[Quetta]]; Page 112 10.11.18 The squadron moves to Lahore.
* John G Walser MC was in India from 1922 to the end of 1925 with the Royal Air Force, including a posting to No. 31 Squadron which was stationed at Dardoni, in Waziristan. He wrote letters to his family detailing his experiences<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20131115235904/http://www.davidwalser.com/my-father/ My Father: John G Walser] Scroll down for his account of this period. Family website, now archived, (retrieved on 18 April 2014)</ref>
*Listen to the [https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80008691 1975 Interview with John William Easton], British NCO who served with 1 Wing, RAF at Miranshah Fort, 1928-1930 including contact with T E Lawrence (Lawrence of Arabia). Imperial War Museums
*[https://www.bristolmuseums.org.uk/blog/come-fly-with-me-raf-india/ "Come fly with me: Early days of the RAF in India"] by Pat Ellingham March 22, 2019. bristolmuseums.org.uk. Information about the films made by Leonard de Ville Chisman late 1920s/1930s including on the North West Frontier. These films are now in the Bristol Museums Archives British Empire and Commonwealth Film collection/ Chisman (ref. [https://becc.bristol.gov.uk/records/2006/0052006/005]), . Currently (not currently available 2021/06) there are some digitised films viewable online), ref. [https://becc.bristol.gov. uk/records/2006/005/1 2006/005/1] but no digitised photographs, the latter seems to include “The sequence documenting Quetta both before and after the great earthquake of 1935 are of particular interest.“ For a description of one of the films see [http://www.colonialfilm.org.uk/node/4128 colonialfilm.org.uk]- this may be viewed online [https://becc.bristol.gov.uk/records/2006/005/1/15 Chisman collection 15: Footage taken in Waziristan, 1937] ref. 2006/005/1/15. See also film "14: Footage taken in Waziristan" and film "7: RAF wedding in Peshawar, India" c 1930s.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131116020854/http://www.rafcaa.org.uk/e29Memoirs.html Memoirs: Malcolm Macdougall]. He was posted in January 1938 to 20 A.C. Squadron, Northwest Frontier, where he spent two years at [[Peshawar]] and one year at [[Kohat]], with occasional detachments to Miramshah (Miranshah?). In 1941 he was posted to 27 Squadron [[Risalpur]] which later went to Singapore and Malaysia, then Ceylon. Website of [https://web.archive.org/web/20130916105607/http://www.rafcaa.org.uk:80/index.html RAF Cranwell Apprentices Association], [https://web.archive.org/web/20130820001224/http://www.rafcaa.org.uk/e29.html 29th Entry], all archived webpages.
*Listen to the [https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80000869 1977 interview with Wilfred Randall Page] British aircraftman and photographer served with RAF in GB 1933-1935; served with Photographic Section, 28 Sqdn, RAF at Ambala and in Waziristan, India, 1935-1939 Imperial War Museums
*Listen to the [https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80030649 2008 interview with Gawain Thomas Alexander 'Gavin’ Douglas] , born 1914. British officer served in India, with British and Indian Army, 1935-1940; trained as pilot with RAF in India, 1941-1942; served as flying instructor with RAF in India, 1943-1944, served with 28 and 60 Sqdns, RAF in Burma, 1/1945-5/1945; commanded 34 Sqdn in Burma, 5/1945-10/1945; commanded 28 Sqdn, RAF in Burma and Malaya, 1945- 1946; commanded 152 Sqdn, RAF on North West Frontier of India, 1946-1947 Imperial War Museums.
*[http://storyofwar.com/about A Story of War] Colin Diarmid Campbell Dunford Wood, kept war diaries continuously from early 1939. Initially with the 1st Battalion [[17th Regiment of Foot| Leicestershire Regiment]] in [[North West Frontier Campaigns|Waziristan]], he later joined the Royal Air Force, flying in Iraq, India and Burma (where he flew the last Hurricane out, before the advancing Japanese) and Europe.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170413050309/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11398735/Squadron-Leader-Jack-Storey-obituary.html Squadron Leader Jack Storey - obituary [1915-2015<nowiki>]</nowiki>] 08 February 2015 ''The Telegraph'', archived. He was with No 135 Squadron and fought in the Burma Campaign January 1942 - August 1943, where he accounted for eight Japanese aircraft and was then a gunnery instructor in India for a period.
*[http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/sparkes/index.htm ''The Mumblings of Edward Sparkes''] [http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/sparkes/contents.htm Contents page] Flt Lt Edward D S N Sparkes was in the RAF and arrived in India in the latter part of 1943 in the chapter [http://www.users.zetnet.co.uk/sparkes/bombay2.htm Ashore in Bombay]. He subsequently joined X Squadron Royal Indian Air Force and served in Burma until he was invalided back to England in 1945.
*Listen to the [https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80023169 2003 interview with Jack Gabbutt,] British NCO photographer served with 681 and 81 Sqdns, RAF in India, Burma, Malaya and Java, 1944-1947 Imperial War Museums
===Historical books online===
*[https://archive.org/details/tracingyourfamil0000unse_t3r0 ''Tracing your family history: Royal Air Force''] compiled by Angela Wootton, edited by Sarah Patterson, 2nd edition 2006, published by Imperial War Museum, London ([https://archive.org/details/tracingyourfamil0000impe/mode/2up 1999 edition]). Archive.org Books to Borrow. Due to dates of publication, online sources are not covered.
*[https://archive.org/details/BritishARMYMEMORANDUMOnNAVALANDMILITARYAVIATION1912/mode/2up [British<nowiki>]</nowiki> ''Army. Memorandum On Naval And Military Aviation''] Presented to both Houses of Parliament HMSO 1912 Archive.org.
*For First World War online books, also see '''[[First World War#In the Air|First World War - In the Air]]''', and the various '''Fronts''' mention at the top of [[First World War#Historical books online 2|First World War - Historical books online]].
*[https://archive.org/details/Flight_International_Magazine?sort=titleSorter ''Flight International Magazine''] Collection at Archive.org, which is Searchable as a Collection. ''Flight International'' (or ''Flight'') is a global aerospace weekly publication produced in the UK. Founded in 1909 as "A Journal devoted to the Interests, Practice, and Progress of Aerial Locomotion and Transport". It is the world's oldest continuously published aviation news magazine. Contains pages relating to “Service Aviation”. Online volumes from 1909 to 1935. Missing but missing January-June 1933. Also available for November 2014-January 2016, where the date is advised in the title, but "date of publication" has not been entered to the catalogue system.:An Archive of online volumes to 2005 was previously available on the [https://www.flightglobal.com/flight-magazine-archive/135697.article FlightGlobal] website until the introduction of a new website format c 11 December 2019. It is stated that it will return, but is still not available currently (23 Sept9 July 2022). However [https://www.flightglobal. 2020)com/flight-international another page] in February 2023 says "Subscribers can also access our archived issues by clicking on the filing cabinet drawer symbol next to the search icon", so it appears that only subscribers can access the archive. An [https://web.archive.org/web/20190330174218/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/1909.html archived Archived version of FlightGlobal Archive] is available on the Wayback Machine of the Internet Archive (Archive.org), but it is unclear how much of the content is accessible. This journal is available at the British Library UIN: BLL01012093219 1909-1961 and UIN: BLL01009542778 from 1962, and also at the Royal Air Force Museum.
*[https://archive.org/stream/warinairbeingsto06rale#page/268/mode/2up "War Operations In India"] page 268, ''War in the Air: being the story of the part played in the Great War by the Royal Air Force, Volume VI'' by H A Jones 1937 Archive.org. Part of the series ''History of the Great War based on Official Documents''
*[https://archive.org/stream/australianflying00cutluoft#page/2/mode/2up Page 3] ''The Australian Flying Corps in the Western and Eastern Theatres of War, 1914-1918'' by F M Cutlack 1933 (first published 1923) ''The Official History of Australia in the War: Volume VIII'' Archive.org. The two Indian Army airmen, and mechanics from India, sent to Mesopotamia, and their poor aircraft.
*''History of No.30 Squadron RAF. Egypt and Mesopotamia 1914 to 1919'' [catalogued] by Major J.Everidge, R.A.F. is available as a reprint<ref>[https://www.naval-military-press.com/product/history-of-no-30-squadron-raf-egypt-and-mesopotamia-1914-to-1919/ ''History of No.30 Squadron RAF. Egypt and Mesopotamia 1914 to 1919''] Naval & Military Press.</ref> of an original Air Ministry Historical Branch typed document, probably first published as a reprint c 2004, which in turn is available as an online book on the [https://www.fold3.com/browse/310/hTGb85NZ8RjXJU2phiOmLuyYn Ancestry owned pay website fold3.com] located in International/Military Books/Egypt.
*[https://archive.org/details/1914-manual-royal-flying-corps-pt-1/page/n19/mode/2up ''Training Manual, Royal Flying Corps, Part 1 (Provisional) 1914''] (40/War Office/2054). HMSO 1914. Archive.org
*''The King's Regulations and Orders for the Royal Air Force, 1918'' [https://archive.org/details/kings-regulations-royal-air-force-1918/page/n9/mode/2up Archive.org], [https://archive.org/details/kings-regulations-royal-air-force-1918/page/n11/mode/2up Contents], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=nHF3YDwirRYC&pg=PP9 Google Books].
:''The King's Regulations and Air Council Instructions for the Royal Air Force. Air Publication 958''.
:[https://archive.org/details/kings-reg-raf-1943/page/n1/mode/2up 1943], [https://archive.org/details/kings-reg-raf-1943/page/n9/mode/2up Contents]; [https://archive.org/details/kings-reg-raf-1944/page/n1/mode/2up 1944], [https://archive.org/details/kings-reg-raf-1944/page/n9/mode/2up Contents] Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/details/PermanentOrganizationOfTheRoyalAirForce1919/mode/2up ''Permanent Organization of the Royal Air Force . Note by the Secretary of State for Air on a Scheme Outlined by the Chief of the Air Staff'' [H M Trenchard<nowiki>]</nowiki>] Presented to Parliament. HMSO 1919 Archive.org
*[http://access.bl.uk/item/viewer/ark:/81055/vdc_100022541314.0x000002 ''Pigeon Service Manual (Royal Air Force)''] Air Ministry publication HMSO 1919. British Library Digital Collection. [https://archive.org/details/pigeonservicemanual-raf/page/n3/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].*[httphttps://searchfind.slv.vic.gov.au/MAIN:Everything:SLV_VOYAGER207076 permalink/61SLV_INST/s6pvau/alma992070763607636 ''Trumpet calls. Royal Air Force. 1919''] State Library of Victoria. [https://archive.org/details/trumpetcalls-raf/mode/2up Archive.org mirror version].*[https://archive.org/details/medicalproblemso00mediuoft/page/n7/mode/2up ''The medical problems of flying, including reports nos. 1-7 of the Air Medical Investigation Committee''] Report 53 of the Medical Research Council (Great Britain) HMSO 1920 Archive.org*''Report on the Health of the Royal Air Force'' published by the Air Ministry:[https://archive.org/details/report-health-raf-1921/page/n5/mode/2up 1920 Volume 1, to 1929]; [https://archive.org/details/report-health-raf-1930/page/n5/mode/2up 1930-1937]. Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.548436/page/n1/mode/2up ''Army Department Royal Air Force Instructions India: Jan-December 1920 with Index'']. Poor quality scanned text. Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.108695/page/n1/mode/2up ''Royal Air Force Aerodromes And Landing Grounds In India''] catalogued 1925. Archive.org. Only pages to digital page 58 are this title. Poor quality scanned text. There is an unrelated book from digital page 59.
*[https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/34655/supplement/5667 "Report on Operations in Waziristan, 16th December, 1937 to the 31st December, 1938"] ''London Gazette Supplement'' 18 August 1939
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.284460/page/n1/mode/2up ''The Royal Air Force: Its Organisation, Duties and Prospects as a Profession or Trade''] by T Stanhope Sprigg 1935 Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.278559 ''Air Power And Armies''] by Wing Commander J C Slessor 1936 Archive.org, mirror from the Digital Library of India. Based on a series of lectures delivered at the Staff College Camberley between 1931 and 1934. Includes WW1 content.
* ''Per Ardua The Rise Of British Air Power 1911-1939'' by Hilary Aidan St. George Saunders 1944. [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.503328 Archive.org mirror version], originally from Digital Library of India.
*[https://archive.org/details/royalairforceenc0000phil ''The Royal Air Force : an encyclopedia of the inter-war years. Volume I The Trenchard Years 1918-1929''] by Wing Commander Ian M Philpott 2005. Archive.org Books to Borrow/ Lending Library. : ''Volume II, Rearmament, 1930 to 1939'', 2008 is available at the British Library UIN: BLL01013074891 . [https://www.google.com.au/books/edition/The_Royal_Air_Force_Volume_2/XDHAAwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&pg=PP1&printsec=frontcover Sample pages] Google Books.
*[http://www.kurdipedia.org/?lng=8&q=20160312094902130597 ''The RAF Small Wars and Insurgencies in the Middle East 1919- 1939''] by Air Historical Branch, Dr Sebastian Ritchie 2011. Download from Kurdipedia.org.
*[https://archive.org/details/wingsofempirefor0000renf/mode/2up ''Wings of Empire : the forgotten wars of the Royal Air Force, 1919-1939''] by Barry Renfrew 2015. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
*[https://archive.org/details/fringeofclouds0036livi/page/n5 ''Fringe of the Clouds''] by Air Marshal Sir Philip Livingston 1962 Archive.org Lending Library. Includes [https://archive.org/details/fringeofclouds0036livi/page/96 "Chapter 5 India with the Royal Air Force 1920-1922"] page 97. The author was a medical officer with the RAF, based at [[Ambala]].
*[https://archive.org/details/aircraftofroyala00thet ''Aircraft of the Royal Air Force since 1918''] by Owen Thetford 1968, "Completely revised and up to date". [https://archive.org/details/aircraftofroyala0000thet/page/6 2nd file] Both Archive.org Books to Borrow/ Lending Library.
**[https://archive.org/details/thereshallbewing0000arth/page/16/mode/2up "Sergeant Bob Lucy", page 16] who was in India 1928-33.
*[https://archive.org/details/royalairforceill0000armi/mode/2up ''The Royal Air Force : an illustrated history''] by Michael Armitage 1998. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
*[https://archive.org/details/royalairobservationcorps19351955book/page/n1/mode/2up ''Royal Air Observation Post. Auster Era 1936-1956. Evolution and Campaigns''] by Major Aamir Mushtaq Cheema 2012. Archive.org. AOP Air Observation Post, a light unarmed aircraft flown exclusively by Royal Artillery Officers. Air OP Squadron, a Royal Air Force Unit consisting of Squadron Headquarters and three Flights A, B and C attached to the Royal Artillery of a Corps. Includes a chapter on WW2 Burma. *Sample pages [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=k_VDBgAAQBAJ&pg=PP1 ''Observers and Navigators: And Other Non-Pilot Aircrew in the RFC, RNAS and RAF''] by Wg Cdr C.G. Jefford. Updated and Expanded Edition 2014. Google Books. Available at the British Library UIN: BLL01016622447 .
====Fiction====
*[https://archive.org/details/threecheersforme0000jack/page/n5 ''Three Cheers for Me: The Journals of Bartholomew Bandy Volume One''] by Donald Jack. Revised edition 1973, original version 1962.
*For younger readers.
**[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.241464 ''Biggles Pioneer Air Fighter''] by Captain W E Johns 1954. Archive.org, Digital Library of India Collection. Set in WW1. Contains thirteen short stories, eleven of which were originally published in ''The Camels Are Coming'' (1932) and two of which were originally published in ''Biggles Of The Camel Squadron'' (1934), originally written for older adolescents. Note however Wikipedia states "The early First World War books were reprinted in the 1950s, when the Biggles books had acquired a younger readership, and were bowdlerised".
*:[https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%22Biggles+in+World+War+1%22%29&sort=date ''Biggles in World War 1'' Archive.org collection of 5 volumes] of short stories which originally appeared in magazines.
**[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.16163 ''Biggles Sees It Through''] by Captain W E Johns 1941 Archive.org, Digital Library of India Collection. Set in WW2.
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