Changes

==Records==

*[https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides-keywords/?show=keywords&keyword-letter=r National Archives Guides: A-Z index, letter R] Select guides relating to the Royal Navy, Royal Naval Reserve, Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve, Royal Naval Air Service, Royal Naval Division and Royal Marines. Includes

**[https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/help-with-your-research/research-guides/royal-navy-ratings-service-records-1853-1928/ Royal Navy ratings 1853-1928]

:[https://humanities.exeter.ac.uk/media/universityofexeter/collegeofhumanities/history/researchcentres/centreformaritimehistoricalstudies/Naval_Records.pdf '' A Guide to the Naval Records in the National Archives of the UK''] edited by Randolph Cock and N A M Rodger. 383 pages. 2nd Edition 2008, first published 2006. Published by University of London School of Advanced Study Institute of Historical Research in conjunction with The National Archives of the UK.

*National Archives Blog [https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/by-sea-by-land-royal-marine-attestation-and-discharge-records/ "‘By Sea, By Land’: Royal Marine attestation and discharge records"] by Dr George Hay 13 June 2019.

*A great number of service records for seamen who joined the '''Royal Navy''' between 1853 and 1928 are now online and can be searched and downloaded at the [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documentsonline/royal-navy-service.asp relevant documents online] section of the [[The National Archives]] website. There is no charge for the initial search but a fee applies to obtain sight of the full record.

:For a list of '''abbreviations''' used in service records, refer External links below.

*For editions not available online, ''The Navy List'' is available at the British Library, UIN: BLL01012418229, from 1815, and also in the Library of the [[The National Archives|National Archives]], from November 1814. For the First and Second World Wars, there were two versions, with the confidential versions available in ADM 177, as Archive records, see above, rather than in the TNA Library.

:The earlier ''Steel's Original and Correct list of the Royal Navy'' is available at the British Library, UIN: BLL01001116981 (classified as a Journal) with editions to 1816, with additional catalogue entries classified as a Book). The National Archives has a catalogue entry [http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C13374272 18th Century Royal Navy Lists 1782, 1790-1799] [Steel's Royal Navy Lists] QLIB 3. National Archives Library. The Lists were published monthly during war and quarterly during peace, and include details of ships of the Honourable East-India Company. Previously it was stated that all years were available as a pay download, however this wording does not currently appear (2019/11).

=== Mercantile (Merchant) Navy List===

*[https://archive.org/details/mercantilenavyli1894grea/page/n20 ''The Mercantile Navy List and Maritime Directory for 1894''] Compiled from Official and Other Sources by J Clark Hall, Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen. Published for the Committee of Lloyd's. At the head of the title ''By Authority''. Archive.org

*[http://www.naval-history.net/index.htm Naval-History.Net] "Preserving Naval History Research and Memoirs ..... making Contemporary Accounts more readily available". All periods including WW1 and WW2.

*The World War I Document Archive includes a category [http://www.gwpda.org/naval/n0000000.htm The War at Sea] which includes the category Bibliography. A slightly later dated Bibliography than appears on the website is [http://www.gwpda.org/naval/b1b00000.htm WWI Naval Bibliography].

*[https://sites.rootsweb.com/~pbtyc/Naval.html Naval Social History - Circa 1793 - 1920+] sites.rootsweb.com/~pbtyc. Appears to be based on the now archived [https://web.archive.org/web/20190820163725/http://www.pbenyon.plus.com/Naval.html Naval Social History - Circa 1793 - 1920+] from [https://web.archive.org/web/20190509023634/http://www.pbenyon.plus.com/ pbenyon.plus.com], now archived. Note, the archived version appears to have some additional entries.

*[https://www.pdavis.nl/Background.htm William Loney RN - Background] information about the Navy in the 1800s. pdavis.nl

*[https://www.greatwarforum.org Great War Forum] includes a category "Ships and navies". [[First World War]] period.

*[http://www.longlongtrail.co.uk/army/order-of-battle-of-divisions/63rd-royal-naval-division/ The 63rd (Royal Naval) Division]. longlongtrail.co.uk. The RND transferred from the authority of the Admiralty to the War Office on 29 April 1916.

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220523001847/https://www.nmrn.org.uk/research/service-record-abbreviations Service Record Abbreviations]. Common abbreviations and phrases found in Royal Navy and Royal Marines Service Records from various periods. Archived page, The National Museum of the Royal Navy.

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20220523000415/https://www.nmrn.org.uk/shore-establishments Naval Shore Establishments]. Archived page, The National Museum of the Royal Navy. Includes India, Sri Lanka, Hong Kong, Singapore. Note: "This list is NOT comprehensive".

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Indies_and_China_Station East Indies and China Station] Wikipedia. In existence 1831 to 1865, until separated into two separate stations. Rejoined in 1941 to form the Eastern Fleet.

**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Indies_Station East Indies Station] Wikipedia. The East Indies Station had bases in [[Ceylon]] at Colombo and Trincomalee, and at [[Bombay (City)|Bombay]], Basra and [[Aden]].

**[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commander-in-Chief,_China Commander-in-Chief, China] Wikipedia. Information about China Station. The formation had bases at [[Singapore]], [[Hong Kong]] and [[China|Wei Hai]].

*[https://web.archive.org/web/20170226055415/http://ellott-postalhistorian.com/articles/Hong-Kong-Station.pdf‪ "The Royal Navy East Indies & China Naval Station: A brief History Including Letters from Officers and Seamen"] by Gerald J. Ellott May 2011. ''Postal History and Philately''.

*Listen to the [https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/80011685 1990 interview with Henley Charles Claxton] British seaman. Includes service aboard HMS Vindictive on China Station, 1925-1928 Reels 7-9. Catalogue number 11945. In most of the reels there is a delay before the sound commences, of up to approximately one minute. Imperial War Museums.

*[http://www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk <nowiki>www.royalnavyresearcharchive.org.uk</nowiki>]. Use the Search facility to locate items. Includes

*[http://www.thisismast.org/research/royal-navy-loss-list.html Royal Navy Loss List] Maritime Archaeology Sea Trust. Includes a link to a database to search or download.

*[http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/-?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=43747&silo_library=GEN01 ''The Royal Navy, 1922-1930 : the search for a naval policy in an age of re-adjustment''] by Edward Des Rosiers. Link to a pdf download. [http://digitool.library.mcgill.ca/thesisfile43747.pdf Direct pdf link]. A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, McGill University, Canada, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History. August 1966.

*[https://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/-/media/royal-navy-responsive/documents/units/rnssc/ww2-at-sea-bibliography_20191113.pdf The Royal Navy and the War at Sea: a bibliography [WW2<nowiki>]</nowiki>] royalnavy.mod.uk

===Historical books online===

====General====

*[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=YWUBAAAAQAAJ&printsec=frontcover Royal Naval Biography] 1828 by John Marshall googlebooks

:[https://archive.org/details/royalnavy06clow ''Volume VI''] 1901. Includes [https://archive.org/stream/royalnavy06clow#page/222/mode/2up "Military History of the Royal Navy 1816-1856"] page 222

:[https://archive.org/details/royalnavy07clow ''Volume VII]'' 1903. Includes [https://archive.org/stream/royalnavy07clow#page/90/mode/2up "Military History of the Royal Navy 1857-1900"] page 91

*[https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/C1891 Admiralty Fleet Orders ADM 182] Catalogue description, The National Archives, Kew. "Printed routine orders issued to ships and establishments for information, guidance and action. The orders cover matters of general interest or requiring wide circulation, including technical, administrative and disciplinary regulations, and official instructions and information."

:[https://www.navy.gov.au/media-room/publications/admiralty-fleet-orders Digitised ''Admiralty Fleet Orders'' 1910-1945] (incomplete series). Website of Australian Navy/History & Research /Reference Material/Historic Publications.

*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.505275 ''The Navy In India 1763-1783''] by Herbert W. Richmond 1931. Archive.org, Public Library of India Collection.

*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.40609/page/n7 ''Travels in India Ceylon and Borneo''] by Captain Basil Hall RN, FRS, Selected and edited by Professor H G Rawlinson 1931 Archive.org, Public Library of India Collection. Selected from ''Fragments of Voyages and Travels'' (in nine volumes). Captain Hall was appointed to the East India Station in 1812.

*''Report on the Health of the Navy''. Title varied. Initially titled ''Statistical Report on the Health of the Navy'', and some editions possibly may have been titled ''Statistical Report of the Health of the Navy''. Also ''A Statistical Return of the Health of the Royal Navy''. Later titles may have omitted ''Statistical''. It appears to have been published generally annually from 1830, through to c 1936 by HMSO [His/Her Majesty's Stationery Office] and also presented to the House of Commons as a Parliamentary Paper.

**[http://pubmedcentralcanada.ca/pmcc/articles/PMC1008939/pdf/brjindmed00111-0024.pdf "The health of the Navy: the changing pattern"] by FP Ellis ''Brit. J. Industr. Med''., 1969, 26, 190-201. pubmedcentralcanada.ca

**[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aS8TAAAAYAAJ&pg=PR1 ''Statistical Report on the Health of the Navy for the Year 1871''] ''Parliamentary Papers, House of Commons and Command, Volume 46'' 1873. Google Books.

*:Includes [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aS8TAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA218 "East India Station"], page 218, with [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aS8TAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA218-IA1 Map of East India Station], and [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=aS8TAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA261 "China Station"] page 261

*[https://books.google.com.au/books?id=LtoRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA318 "A Fight with Pirates in the China Seas] [c early-mid 1850s] by J. D. B. pages 318-322 ''The United Service Magazine 1878, Part 2'' Google Books

*"The Marines at Canton, The Peiho, and Pekin" [1856-1860] [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=HtsRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA92 Pages 92-103], [https://books.google.com.au/books?id=HtsRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA197 pages 197-202] ''The United Service Magazine 1876 Part 1'' Google Books

:* "A Naval Brigade In Burma in 1858" (scroll down) by W. B. R. ''The Naval Review'' May 1938 Vol XXVI no 2, pages 283-288. The destination was the frontier post and Fort at Meaday, on the Irrawaddy. Available as an [https://web.archive.org/web/20170714142608/http://www.naval-review.com/issues/1930s/1938-2.pdf archived webpage].

:* "The Tigris Above Baghdad" by Lieut-Comr. A S Elwell-Sutton RN. Scroll to item 15 page 153 ''The Naval Review'' February 1923 Vol. XI No. I, produced by The Naval Society. Details of the Caddisfly, one of the 'Fly' class gunboats. Available as an [https://web.archive.org/web/20160803082140/http://www.naval-review.com/issues/1920s/1923-1.pdf archived webpage].

*[https://archive.org/details/fiftyyearsinroya00scotuoft ''Fifty Years in the Royal Navy''] by Admiral Sir Percy Scott 1919. Includes Naval gunnery, [[3rd China War|the Boxer Rising]], the China Station and WW1.

*[https://archive.org/details/mediterraneannav0000halp/page/n5/mode/2up ''The Mediterranean Naval Situation, 1908-1914''] by Paul G. Halpern Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_G._Halpern Paul G. Halpern] Wikipedia. Halpern's later books include publications of the Navy Records Society, (refer External links above) ''The Royal Navy in the Mediterranean, 1915-1918'' (Volume 126, 1987), and ''The Mediterranean Fleet, 1919-1929'' (Volume 158, 2011). These latter books are available online to NRS members, and also available at the British Library UIN: BLL01010066046 and UIN: BLL01015816949 .

*''History of the Great War based on Official Documents: Naval Operations''.Volumes I-III by Sir Julian Stafford Corbett, Volumes IV-V by Henry Newbolt. Published 1920-1931. Archive.org and Hathi Trust (Vol. V): [https://archive.org/details/navaloperations01corb Volume I], includes Cameroons and the Far East; [https://archive.org/details/navaloperations00newbgoog Volume II], includes Gallipoli; [https://archive.org/details/navaloperations03corb Volume III] includes Gallipoli and Mesopotamia; [https://archive.org/details/navaloperations04corb Volume IV] , includes Mesopotamia; [http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.b2985875?urlappend=%3Bseq=7 Volume V]. [http://www.naval-history.net/index.htm Naval-History.net] has transcribed editions which additionally contain maps from a separate case for Volumes II and III.

:[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.$b742756?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 ''Seas of Adventures: the Story of the Naval Operations in the Mediterranean, Adriatic, and Aegean''] [1914-1918] 1936 Hathi Trust Digital Library.

:[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/mdp.39015011947036?urlappend=%3Bseq=9 ''"Severn's" Saga''] by E. Keble Chatterton 1938 Hathi Trust Digital Library. HMS Severn in East Africa.

*[https://archive.org/details/cu31924027871213 ''Indiscretions of the Naval Censor''] by Rear-Admiral Sir Douglas Brownrigg [1867-1939] 1920 Archive.org

*[https://archive.org/details/navalfront00maxwuoft ''The Naval Front''] by Gordon S Maxwell, Lieut. RNVB illustrated by Donald Maxwell, Lieut. RNVB 1920 Archive.org. Includes chapters on [[Gallipoli]] and [[Mesopotamia Campaign|Mesopotamia]].

*[https://archive.org/search.php?query=subject%3A%22World+War%2C+1914-1918+--+Naval+operations%22&sort=-date&page=1 Books on Archive.org classified by the uploader World War, 1914-1918 -- Naval operations]

:Includes Volume 2 ''East Africa to July 1915; Cameroons, 1914''; Volume 4: ''Mesopotamia and the Persian Gulf''; Volume 5 including ''China Squadron, 1914 (including Emden Hunt)'', and ''East Indies Squadron, 1914'' <ref>gwyrosydd [https://www.greatwarforum.org/topic/216645-naval-staff-monographs-online/?do=findComment&comment=2239705 Naval Staff Monographs online] ''Great War Forum'' 16 March 2015. Retrieved 29 May 2018.</ref>

*[https://archive.org/details/onfourfrontswith00spar ''On Four Fronts with the Royal Naval Division''] by Geoffrey Sparrow MC, and J N MacBean Ross MC Surgeons RN 1918 Archive.org. Includes [[Gallipoli]] and [[Salonica]]. The Division was under the authority of the Admiralty until 29 April 1916.

:[https://archive.org/details/JRNMSVOL3Images/page/n481 "With a Royal Marine Battalion in France"] by Temporary Surgeon J N MacBean Ross, Medical Officer, 2nd Battalion, Royal Marine Light Infantry. ''Journal of the Royal Naval Medical Service'', Vol 3 1917, page 465. [https://liveicomgrshot.blob.core.windows.net/jrnmsfiles/articles/JRNMS_100_(2)_117-122.pdf Commentary on “With a Royal Marine Battalion in France”] Surg Lt Cdr JG Penn-Barwell ''J Royal Naval Medical Service'' 2014, Vol 100.2

*[http://nla.gov.au/nla.obj-52178355/view#page/n1/mode/2up ''The Royal Naval Division''] by Douglas Jerrold 1923. National Library of Australia. Includes Gallipoli.

*[https://archive.org/details/truegloryroyalna0000arth_b5n3/mode/2up ''The True Glory : the Royal Navy, 1914-1939''] by Max Arthur 1996. [https://archive.org/details/truegloryroyalna0000arth/page/n7/mode/2up 1997 edition], Archive.org Books to Borrow/ Lending Library. Personal accounts. In two Parts including [https://archive.org/details/truegloryroyalna0000arth_b5n3/page/152/mode/2up "Part Two The Interwar Years 1919-1939"] including

** Account of [https://archive.org/details/truegloryroyalna0000arth_b5n3/page/161/mode/2up "Seaman Gunner Stan Smith", page 161] Smith was held as a prisoner at Baku by the Bolsheviks in very harsh conditions, also referred to as the "Black Hole of Baku". [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/obituary-stan-smith-1524828.html "Obituary: Stan Smith"] by G K Johnson 9 Dec. 1995. independent.co.uk . Smith's memoirs of his naval career ''Sea of Memories'' (1985), available at the British Library UIN: BLL01008135156 "read like yarns from Boy's Own".

*[http://www.navy.gov.au/media-room/publications/world-war-ii-naval-staff-histories World War II Naval Staff Histories] Eight volumes including ''Naval Operations off Ceylon''. Website of the Royal Australian Navy.

:[http://www.navy.gov.au/media-room/publications/hm-ships-damaged-or-sunk-enemy-action-wwii BR 1886 (C.B. 4273 (52) ''H.M. Ships Damaged or Sunk by Enemy Action 3 Sep 1939 - 2 Sep 1945''] Based on reports held in the Admiralty at the time of its publication in 1952. A publication in the Navy Department: Reference Books (BR Series). Website of the Royal Australian Navy.

*'''Also see [[First World War]], including [[First World War#Naval|First World War - Historical books online - Naval]], and the various Fronts linked from that page, and [[Second World War]]'''.

*[https://archive.org/details/admiraltyvocabul00grearich ''Vocabularies: English, German, Magyar, Serbian, Bulgarian, Roumanian, Greek, Turkish''] Compiled by the Geographical Section of the Naval Intelligence Division, Naval Staff, Admiralty. HMSO. 1920 Archive.org

*[http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cns/id/19694 ''1919. Signal Letters of British Ships (formerly the British Code List) for the use of ships at sea, and for signal stations''] Prepared by Charles H Jones, Registrar General of Shipping and Seamen. Published for the Committee of Lloyd’s. Memorial University of Newfoundland Digital Archives Initiative (DAI). Direct link for [http://collections.mun.ca/PDFs/cns/Signal_Letters.pdf pdf download]. [http://collections.mun.ca/cdm/ref/collection/cns/id/19586 Page xx] is titled "Ships belonging to the War Department..."

*[http://www.digar.ee/id/nlib-digar:119263 ''Unsere Marine im Weltkrieg. Bd. 2, Krieg auf sieben Ozeanen''] Editor: Fritz Otto Busch, Georg Günther von Forstner Volume 2. 1935. German language. National Library of Estonia - English webpage option available.

*[https://archive.org/details/lauterbachofchin00lowe ''Lauterbach of the China Sea : the Escapes and Adventures of a Seagoing Falstaff''] by Lowell Thomas, 1930 Archive.org. A China Sea Captain, during WW1 Julius Lauterbach was navigator on the German SMS Emden which attacked oil tanks at Madras [https://archive.org/stream/lauterbachofchin00lowe#page/52/mode/2up page 51]. He was later a prisoner in Singapore at Tangling prison camp [https://archive.org/stream/lauterbachofchin00lowe#page/94/mode/2up page 95], and helped ferment dissatisfaction which led to the Singapore Mutiny, during which he escaped and fled, initially to Sumatra. [https://translate.google.com.au/translate?sl=de&tl=en&js=y&prev=_t&hl=en&ie=UTF-8&u=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FJulius_Lauterbach&edit-text=&act=url Julius Lauterbach] [1877-1937] Wikipedia Google Translate English version, [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Lauterbach Original German version].

====Fiction====

====Yet to be allocated due to technical problems====

== References ==