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== Characteristics ==In 1951, the SIR became a constituent part of '''[[Southern Railway]]''', a zone of [[Indian Railways]].
In 1872, the Carnatic Railway merged with the [[Great Southern of India Railway]]. In 1874, the merged companies were renamed the [[== FIBIS Resources ==*The South Indian Railway]], as seen from Space. During the 1870s the existing broad gauge lines were converted to metre gauge. Ownership of the SIR passed to the GoI on 31 December 1890. Management of the SIR passed to with 100-year-old photos from the GoI on 1 April 1944. In 1951, the SIR became a constituent part of the Southern Railway British Raj - Lecture by Mike Muirhead (within Indian RailwaysOctober 2016)available in lecture section of FIBIS Member's area.
The following are held in An on-line search of the IOR records relating to this railway<ref>[[India Office Records]] at the [[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=IAMS_VU2 British Library“British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue” - Search]]; Retrieved 22 Jan 2016</ref> gives many references. The most important being:-*'''L/AG/46/13''' "Records of the Great Southern of India Railway Company, 1859-74"*'''L/AG/46/38''' "Records of the India Office relating to the South Indian Railway Company, 1884-1914" *'''L/AG/46/18''' "Records of the South Indian Railway Company, 1891-1940"*'''L/1F/7/2594-4 2606''' "Collection 400: contracts South Indian Railway, dates unspecified"*'''L/F/7/2595''' “Collection 400/2: South Indian Railway: Terms for incorporation of employmentcertain District Board Lines in Company's undertaking, 18911925-1940 (index not complete).37"
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|image=
|caption=
|descriptionroute= [[Jalarpet]] to [[Mangalore]]
|gauge1= Metre gauge
|gauge1details= 1123 miles (1905)
|gauge4=
|gauge4details=
|date1timeline1date= 1872|date1detailstimeline1details= SIR formed Formed from merger of [[Carnatic Railway]] and [[Great Southern of India Railway]]|date2timeline2date= 1874|date2detailstimeline2details= Renamed [[South Indian Railway]]|date3timeline3date=1908|date3detailstimeline3details= [[Jalarpet]] to [[Mangalore]] transferred from [[Madras Railway]]. [[Katpadi]] section transferred to [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]].|date4timeline4date=|date4detailstimeline4details= |date5timeline5date=|date5detailstimeline5details=
|presidency= [[Madras]]
|stations= [[Trichinopoly]]
|successor1system1adte= 1891|successor1detailssystem1details= Own agency|successor2system2adte= |successor2detailssystem2details= |successor3system3adte= |successor4detailssystem3details=
|auxillary forces=
}}
{{System_Railways_Infobox
|image=South Indian Railway logo.jpg|caption= ''South Indian Railway device''|date1timeline1date= 1891|date1detailstimeline1details= SIR re-formed to work line now owned by State|date2timeline2date= |date2detailstimeline2details= |date3timeline3date=|date3detailstimeline3details= |date4timeline4date=|date4detailstimeline4details= |date5timeline5date= 1944|date5detailstimeline5details= Management of system taken over by State
|company1= 1891
|company1details= [[South Indian Railway]]
|company12details=
|headquarters= [[Trichinopoly]]
|workshop= [[SIR Central Workshops, Golden Rock, Trichinopoly|Golden Rock, Trichinopoly]] <br> [[Negapatam]]<br> ''see also'' [[SIR Railway Workshops]]
|stations=
|successor1system1date= |successor1detailssystem1details= |successor2system2date= 1951|successor2detailssystem2details= '''Southern Railway ''' (Indian RailwaysIR zone)|successor3system3date= |successor4detailssystem3details= |gauge1= Metre Broad gauge|gauge1details= 1353 559 miles (19051943)|gauge2= Metre gauge|gauge2details= 1353 miles (1905)<br>1483 miles (1943)
|gauge3=
|gauge3details=
}}
[[File: South Indian Railway 1909.png|thumb| South Indian Railway 1909]][[File: South Indian Railway 1931.png|thumb| South Indian Railway 1931]][[File:South India Railway System 1937 Map.png|thumb| South Indian Railway System 1937]] '''South Indian Railway''' The '''South Indian Railway''' (SIR) was the new name applied in 1874 to the merged undetakings undertakings of the [[Carnatic Railway]] and the [[Great Southern of India Railway]] (GCSR)and initially administered from [[Negapatam]]; and after 1865 from the ‘General Office Building’ at [[Trichinopoly]] <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 3 and 8</ref>. == History ==On 1st July 1874 the [[Great Southern of India Railway]] Company (GSIR) and the [[Carnatic Railway]], were amalgamated under the title of the '''South Indian Railway'''. At the time of amalgamation the GSIR had constructed a broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) line from [[Negapatam]] to [[Trichinopoly]] and on to [[Erode]] where it connected to the [[Madras Railway]] and the [[Carnatic Railway]] had constructed a metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) line from [[Arkonam]] Junction to [[Conjeeveram]] <ref> [https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/228649/8330.pdf H.M. Government “Statute Law Repeals: Nineteenth Report : Draft Statute Law (Repeals) Bill; April 2012"; page 136, pdf page 143, paragraphs 3.87] Retrieved on 20 Jun 2016</ref>. From 1875 the originally constructed BG lines were converted to MG in order to have a seamless flow of traffic , since all the other lines around [[Trichinopoly]] were MG. The [[Negapatam]] to [[Trichinopoly]] section converted in 1875 and to [[Erode]] by the end of 1879 <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", page 13 </ref>. The construction of the [[Pondicherry Railway]] in French territory by the SIR commenced in 1878 simultaneously with a SIR branch, so when opened in 1879 connected [[Pondicherry]] to the SIR mainline at [[Villupuram]]. The line was maintained and worked by the SIR under the management of the SIR Agent which had remained at the original [[Negapatam]]. The joint Agent finally moved to [[Trichinopoly]] in 1880 <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 15-19 </ref>. Ownership of the SIR and other lines passed to the Government of India([[Government of India |GoI]]) on 31 December 1890 and a new company, ‘ The South Indian Railway Company Limited’ was formed to work the system so created under contract; this contract was extended in 1909. <ref name=Admin>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n136/mode/1up “Administration Report on Railways 1918” pages 136-152(pdf145-161)]; Retrieved 4 Feb 2018</ref> The year previously (1 Jan 1908), the [[Jalarpet]] to [[Mangalore]] broad gauge section had been transferred to the SIR from the [[Madras Railway]]. In turn, the Metre gauge [[Katpadi]] section was relinquished and became part of the newly formed [[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]].
On 1 April 1944, the [[Government of India |GoI]] took over direct control of the SIR.
==SIR Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon Workshops==
*1860, [[Negapatam]] workshops established by the [[Great Southern of India Railway]] and taken over by SIR in 1872.
*1928, [[SIR Central Workshops, Golden Rock, Trichinopoly]] capable of handling both BG and MG stock <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 105 </ref>.
[[SIR Railway Workshops|'''See also SIR 'Railway Workshops' ''']]
==SIR Schools==
*1928, Golden Rock, [[Trichinopoly]], two schools were established, the 'European and Anglo-Indian School' with 28 pupils and the 'Indian Primary School' with 400 pupils <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", pages 15-19 </ref>.
*1931, [[Trichinopoly]] 'Railway Training School' established for training of Traffic Department Signallers for European and native Indians <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", page 141 </ref>.
==SIR Hospitals==
Initially two hospitals operated at [[Negapatam]] and [[Trichinopoly]] and in the early 1900's Dispensaries set up in several locations. In 1928 a full Railway Hospital was established at Golden Rock, [[Trichinopoly]] <ref> Southern Railway Heritage Centre "Marvels of the South Indian Railway 1859-1951", page 117 </ref>.
==SIR Rail Network==
===Railways amalgamated to form SIR===
'''First Amalgamation 1872'''
*[[Great Southern of India Railway]](GSIR), broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]), opened 1861. Merged with [[Carnatic Railway|Carnatic Railway Company]] to form SIR, 1872; and subsequently converted to metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) as part of the SIR '[[Madras-Tuticorin Mainline]]' MG Network.
*[[Carnatic Railway]]. Took over [[Indian Tramway Co.]], 1870; merged with the [[Great Southern of India Railway]] to form SIR, 1872.
**[[Indian Tramway Co.]], opened 1865. Formerly [[Arakkonam-Conjeevaram Tramway]] which failed in 1870 and taken over by [[Carnatic Railway]].
'''Second Amalgamation 1908'''
*[[Madras Railway]](MR) was a broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) network that was constructed, owned and worked by MR up to 31 Dec 1907. On 1 Jan 1908 the 'Southern Section' was transferred to SIR. This Section from [[Jalarpet]] had opened 1860-61; extended to [[Calicut]], 1888 and finally to [[Mangalore]], 1907. Line length 417 miles(671km). Upon amalgamation this became the SIR '[[Jalarpet-Mangalore Mainline]]'.
**[[Mettupalaiyam Branch Line]]. Constructed, owned and worked by MR up to 31 Dec 1907, then transferred to SIR. Podanor Junction to Coimbatore and Mettupalaiyam. Opened 1873, 26 miles(41km) )
**[[Palghat Branch Line]]. Palakkad Junction(Olavakode) to [[Palghat]]. Constructed, owned and worked by MR up to 31 Dec 1907, then transferred to SIR. Opened 1888, 2.5 miles(4km)
*At this time the metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) lines north of [[Katpadi]] were relinquished and became part of the newly formed '[[Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway]]'. The SIR only retained the [[Villupuram-Katpadi Railway Section]]
*These amalgamations the SIR network was classified as the 'Metre Gauge' and the 'Broad Gauge' Divisions
[[South Indian Railway - Lines Owned and Worked|<big>'''South Indian Railway - Lines Owned and Worked'''</big> gives for full information and details.]]
== Records ==
Refer to FIBIS Fact File #4: “Research sources for Indian Railways, 1845-1947” - available from the [http://www.fibis.org/store/fibis-books-and-publications/bff-0004-research-sources-for-indian-railways-1845-1947/ Fibis shop]. This Fact File contains invaluable advice on 'Researching ancestors in the UK records of Indian Railways' with particular reference to the [[India Office Records]] (IOR) held at the [[British Library]]
==Personnel==
'''India Office Records'''. The following are held in the [[India Office Records|IOR]] at the [[British Library]]:
*'''L/AG/46/18/1-4''' "Contracts of Employment, 1891-1940" (index not complete).
The above is indexed in:
*'''Z/L/AG/46''' "Index to UK Appointments to Indian Railways, 1849-1925"
[[South Indian Railway Personnel|''' See also South Indian Railway Personnel''' for details of notable SIR staff from many different sources.]]
*These have been listed by SIR Department and in Chronological order.
*The entries link to the [[:Category:Railway People|Notable Railway People]] pages.
== External links==*Z[http://www.archive.org/Lstream/AGsalemgazet02richuoft#page/46 24/mode/2up Sections on Salem - Vriddhachalam Railway and Salem - Mettar Railway] from Madras District Gazetteer of Salem (pub 1932) Archive.org===Historical books online===*[https: Index //archive.org/details/bub_gb_irg2AAAAMAAJ/page/n3 ''Illustrated Guide to UK Appointments the South Indian Railway, including the Mayavaram-Mutupet, and Peralam-Karaikkal railway''] 1900 Archive.org*[https://archive.org/details/dli.venugopal.433/page/n3/mode/2up ''Illustrated Guide to the South Indian Railway including the Tanjore District Board, Pondicherry, Travancore State, Peralam-Karaikkal and the Cochin State Railways''] 1913 Archive.org, K.K. Venugopal Collection.*[https://archive.org/details/illustratedguide00unse/page/n7 ''Illustrated Guide To The South Indian Railway including the Tanjore District Board, 1849Pondicherry, Peralam-1925Karaikkal, Travancore State, Cochin State, Coimbatore District Board, Tinnevelly-Tiruchendur and the Nilgiri Railways''] by South Indian Railway Co. Ltd. Reprint of 1926 edition. Archive.org, Historical Resources of India Collection.
== References ==
<references />
[[Category:Railways]]
[[Category:State Railways]]
