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==External links==
*[https://www.findmypast.com/blog/discoveries/troop-ship "Life on board a troop ship"] Findmypast Blog 10 September 2020. Stated to from February 1898 ''Army and Navy Gazette'', however this article could '''not''' be located in the Findmypast newspapers database.
*[http://www.shippingwondersoftheworld.com/troopships.html "Troopships and Trooping"] Transcript of an article from ''Shipping Wonders of the World'', part 39, published 3 November 1936.
*[http://archive.is/U0G6 Troopships and Trooping] by R G Robertson movcon.org.uk, now archived, archive.is. Includes mention of troopships to India. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120224181422/http://www.movcon.org.uk/History/Documents/DID/D-MCHS%200290.10.htm ArchiveTroopships and Trooping] by R G Robertson movcon.org link]. uk, now archived. Includes mention of troopships to India.
*Bad conditions on troop ships coming to India in the late 1700s are mentioned in [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1081841/?page=14 "The soldier's friend—Sir Jeremiah Fitzpatrick"] by Richard L. Blanco ''Med Hist. 1976 October; 20(4): 402–421'', particularly 415-417
*[http://www.jstor.org/stable/44223063 First page only, "A Soldier's Life in Burma and India 1854-1874"] by W. G. Shelton, ''Journal of the Society for Army Historical Research'' Vol. 52, No. 209 (Spring 1974), pp. 17-33. Based on a memoir by Sergeant-Major Alexander Morton of the [[35th Regiment of Foot]]. jstor.org. Contains a description of the conditions on board the ship to India. Register with jstor.org and read online for free, see [[Miscellaneous tips]], including details of conditions.
*[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1858/08/13.htm "Transport of Troops to India"] by Frederick Engels from ''New York Daily Tribune'', 13 August, 1858 states that some troops were sent from England by the overland route from 1857. Marxists.org. This route became permanent some years later, see [[Trooping season#Historical books online|Historical books online, below]].
*Terrible conditions are described in a [http://www.old-merseytimes.co.uk/infantmortality.html Letter home from a soldier’s wife on a voyage to India] 1859 As a result, the Captain was murdered!
**[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Euphrates_(1866) HMS Euphrates (1866)], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Jumna_(1866) HMS Jumna (1866)], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Malabar_(1866) HMS Malabar (1866)], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Serapis_(1866) HMS Serapis (1866)], [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMS_Crocodile_(1867) HMS Crocodile (1867)] Wikipedia
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/126652127@N07/15111064472/ Photograph: HMS Malabar c 1870] flickr.com
*[httphttps://wwwcollection.nam.ac.uk/online-collection/detail.php?acc=1965-05-73-1 The Last of the Indian Troopships, HM Indian Troopship Malabar], painting 1881. nam.ac.uk*[http://www.kingsownmuseum.plus.com/galleryship003.htm Troopships - HMT Malabar the last of the Indian Troopships] kingsownmuseum
*[http://nelsonlambert.blogspot.com/2011/10/hms-serapis.html HMS Serapis] nelsonlambert.com
*[http://www.bl.uk/onlinegallery/onlineex/apac/photocoll/t/019pho000000312u00001000.html The Indian Troopships "Clive" and "Tenasserim" in Madras Harbour c 1885]. Click to enlarge. British Library Online Gallery
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140726104656/http://www.merchantnavyofficers.com/Troopships.html BI Troopships 1902 to 1922], [https://web.archive.org/web/20140811103629/http://www.merchantnavyofficers.com/Troopships2.html BI Troopships from 1923], now archived. merchantnavyofficers.com
*[http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Ships/HMTroopshipPlassy.html HM Troopship Plassy]. Sailed 1901 until scrapped in 1924, including the Indian Garrison rotation run. During the First World War she was converted for use as a hospital ship. roll-of-honour.com
*[http://www.kingsownmuseum.plus.com/galleryship024.htm HMT Dongola]. Used for seasonal trooping from 1906 between England, India and Hong Kong. King's Own Royal Regiment Museum. [http://www.simplonpc.co.uk/PO_Liners2.html#Dongola1905 Dongola 1905-1926] simplonpc.co.uk
*[http://www.roll-of-honour.com/Ships/HMHSGrantuallyCastle.html H.M.H.S. Grantually [sic<nowiki>]</nowiki> Castle] Prior to becoming a Hospital Ship during WW1, the Grantully Castle was used as a troopship, including a trip to India at the end of 1914, refer above.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20151226102549/http://www.photoship.co.uk/JAlbum%20Ships/Old%20Ships%20H/slides/Hecuba-04.jpg Image: HMT Hecuba] photoship.co.uk, now archived. Originally the "Brandenburg", built in 1901 for Norddeutscher Lloyd. The ship was awarded to Great Britain as war reparation in 1919 and had brief service as a troopship 1922-1924<ref> Ebay, seller three4five</ref>. There was a voyage from Southampton to Bombay, arriving 1 December 1924.<ref> [http://jramc.bmj.com/content/46/3/214.full.pdf "A Few Stations In India"] by Mrs. H. V. Bagshawe. ''Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps ''1926;46:3 214-223. </ref>
*[http://www.the-weatherings.co.uk/pccship0457.htm HMT Neuralia - Troop Ship] the-weatherings.co.uk. Neuralia, built 1912, operated as a permanent troopship from 1925.<ref> A History of the British India Steam Navigation Company Limited , pages 17 and 62. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160508162545/http://www.rakaia.co.uk/downloads/british-india-history.pdf Pdf] rakaia.co.uk, archived.</ref> The book ''Pick up your Parrots and Monkeys'' by William Pennington, see [[History reading list]], contains a chapter on the voyage to India on the Neuralia in the 1930s, see [[Trooping season#Historical books online|Historical books online]] below.
*[http://transportsofdelight.smugmug.com/SHIPS/The-Royal-Navy/SUPPLY-SHIPS-AND-TRANSPORTS/25278036_5mNnFn/2290341600_sXphPfH#!i=2290341600&k=sXphPfH Photograph: HMT Nevasa - Troopship] Nevasa, built 1913, operated as a troop ship from 1925<ref>A History of the British India Steam Navigation Company Limited, page 62.</ref>
*[http://www.ssmaritime.com/British-India-Dilwara-Class.htm MS Dilwara and her three sisters, MS Dunera, Ettrick and Devonshire] ssmaritime.com. MS Dilwara and Dunera were completed in 1936 and 1937, and the second pair MS Ettrick and Devonshire in 1938
*Scroll to Image 3: [http://www.mid-day.com/photos/independence-day-special-reliving-history-in-pictures/5861/56226 Photograph: August 17, 1947, soldiers from The Royal Norfolk Regiment embark on the S.S. Georgic bound for Britain] on the quayside in Mumbai, the first British Army unit to leave Indian soil after the country achieved independence. mid-day.com. [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=znxckDsWPko Video: British Troops Leave India 1947] British Pathe on YouTube . This video appears to be of the same troops as in the photograph although they are unnamed. They are however sailing on the 'Georgic'.*[https://500px.com/photo/23071721/troopship-otranto-1947-by-scott-mcculloch Photograph: Troopship HMS Otranto. Voyage home from India to UK in 1947], from the collection of James Wilson, Royal Artillery *[http://www.convoyweb.org.uk/index.html Convoy Web: The Website for Merchant Ships during WW2]. Includes [http://www.convoyweb.org.uk/port/index.html?home.php~armain Search: Port Arrivals/ Departures] including Indian ports.
===Historical books online===
*[http://books.google.com/books?id=c1lNAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA308 "East India (Transport of Troops")]. Report of Select Committee c 1858 page 308 'Series F British India, Colonies etc' ''Annals of British Legislation, Volume 5'' edited by Leone Levi 1859 Google Books
*''24 coloured views of H.M. Indian troop-ship to Bombay & back'', published 1885. Bodleian Library Oxford Digital version. Possibly "Jumna". [http://solo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/OXVU1:oxfaleph014026612 Catalogue entry with link], [http://dbooks.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/books/PDFs/590522458.pdf direct pdf] (may be slow to load)
*[http://hdl.handle.net/2027/uc1.$b747693?urlappend=%3Bseq=55 A voyage to India on the Malabar in 1889] page 47, ''Some Rambles of a Sapper'' by Brigr-Genl. Herbert Henry Austin. 1928 Hathi Trust Digital Library
*[https://archive.org/details/jramc-1913-vol21/page/461/mode/2up "Trooping Season 1913-1914 - A few Notes"] by Major J B Anderson page 462 ''Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps, Volume 21 1913'' Archive.org *[https://archive.org/stream/blackwoodsmag211edinuoft#page/178/mode/2up "The Peregrinations of an Officer’s Wife"] page 178 ''Blackwood’s Magazine'', no 211 January-June 1922 Archive.org. Includes description of voyages to, and from, India. *[https://archive.org/details/jramc-1925-vol44vol45/page/n241/mode/2up "Notes on a Voyage from Southampton to Bombay on a Trooper H M T "Marglen" 10,500 Tons (Canadian Pacific), January 23 to March 17, 1923"] by Major A D Stirling, RAMC page 218 ''Journal of the Royal Army Medical Corps'', Volume 44 Jan.-June 1925. The emphasis is on the ports of call, including Constantinople. Archive.org
*[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.527935 ''Seven Cantonments''] by Major SEG Ponder c 1938. The author was an Officer in the Royal Artillery. He describes the voyage to India on HMT Devon in the c 1930s from [https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.527935/2015.527935.Seven-cantonments#page/n21/mode/2up page 21]. Archive.org, Digital Library of India Collection.
*[http://digital.nls.uk/indiapapers/browse/pageturner.cfm?id=74987996&mode=transcription "Hot weather precautions"] ''Volume II [2], Part I - Annual report on the health of the army in India for the year 1939'', page 107 National Library of Scotland “ Medical History of British India”
*[https://archive.org/details/valiantvoyagings0000saun/page/n9 ''Valiant voyaging : a short history of the British India Steam Navigation Company in the Second World War, 1939-1945''] by Hilary St. George Saunders 1948. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
*[https://archive.org/details/pickupyourparrot0000penn/page/60/mode/2up "HMT ''Neuralia'' Liverpool to Bombay December 1925 to January 1936"] Chapter four, page 60 ''Pick up your parrots and monkeys : a boy soldier in India'' by William Pennington 2004, first published 2003. Archive.org Books to Borrow/Lending Library.
== References ==
