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== Characteristics ==*[[Frederick Lewis Dibblee]], 1868 August was engaged as Chief Engineer of the ‘Carnatic Railway’, he had previously been Chief Engineer of the ‘[[Great Southern of India Railway]]’ also in the Madras Presidency.*[[Frederick Charles Bullmore]], 1870-76, engaged upon the preliminary surveys of that line at various points between Madras and Porto Novo. In 1874 [[South Indian Railway]](SIR) absorbed the 'Carnatic Railway' and services retained. Left SIR on completion of the work< ref>[https://www.gracesguide.co.uk/Frederick_Charles_Bullmore Grace's Guide 'Frederick Charles Bullmore']; Retrieved 3 Apr 2020</ref>.
In 1872, the Carnatic Railway merged with the ==Further Information==See '''[[Great Southern of India RailwayArakkonam-Conjeevaram Tramway]]. In 1874, the merged companies were renamed the '''<br>and '''[[South Indian RailwayTramway Co.]]''' for early history up to 1870.
Unfortunately, there are no CR staff records held in the [[India Office RecordsCategory:Railways]] at the [[British LibraryCategory:Assisted Railways]].
→Contract: 1870/71 Report and internal link added with notes
{{Line Railways Infobox|image=|caption= |route=[[Arakkonam-Conjeevaram Tramway]] |gauge1= 3feet 6inch(1097mm)|gauge1details= Opened 1865|gauge2= Broad Gauge(BG)|gauge2details= Converted to BG c.1870|gauge3= Metre Gauge (MG)|gauge3details= Converted to MG 1878|gauge4= |gauge4details=|timeline1date= 1862 |timeline1details= [[Indian Tramway Co.]] formed|timeline2date= 1870|timeline2details= Carnatic Railway Co. formed with state assistance|timeline3date= 1872|timeline3details= Merged with the ‘[[Great Southern of India Railway]]|timeline4date= 1874|timeline4details= The two merged Companies became [[South Indian Railway]] |timeline5date= |timeline5details= |presidency= [[CategoryMadras]]|stations= |system1date=|system1details= |system2date=|system2details= |system3date=|system3details= |auxillary forces=}} [[File:Carnatic Railway.png|thumb|Carnatic Railway]]The '''Carnatic Railway'''(CAR) was formed in 1870 to acquire the operations and line and equipment of the [[Indian Tramway Co.]], a company which went into voluntary in liquidation<br>[[Indian Tramway Co.|''See separate page'' ‘Indian Tramway Company’ ''for further information'']] The CAR was able to secure a 5% Guarantee from the [[Government of India]])<ref name=Contract>[https://archive.org/stream/parliamentarypa212commgoog#page/n243/mode/1up “Parliamentary Papers Accounts and Papers Volume 51 of 37” Session 9 February to 21 August 1871 Pages 231-244]; Retrieved 14 Nov 2018</ref> ==Contract==The Contract <ref name= Contract/> shows that the only line that had been constructed by the ‘[[Indian Tramway Co.]]’, was the ‘[[Arakkonam-Conjeevaram Tramway]]’, a 3 feet 6 inches(1067mm) [[Rail_gauge#Unique_rail_Gauges|Rail Gauge line]] of which "opened for traffic about 1 Aug 1865" and ran between the towns of [[Arkonam]] and [[Conjeeveram]], a line length of 18.8miles (30.3km). The Contract specified that the Company shall alter the gauge of the ‘[[Arakkonam-Conjeevaram Tramway]]’, described as the ‘Original Line’ in the Contract, to 5 feet 6 inches broad gauge([[Rail_gauge#Broad_Gauge|BG]]) throughout. It is thought that the line from [[Arkonam| Arkonam Station]] to [[Conjeeveram]] was in the process of being converted to BG, ''probably in late 1870 or early 1871 but exact date not known, but then changed to metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]).Note there is still conflict regarding these dates'' The [[1870-71_Report_on_Railways#Progress_on_State_lines._Paragraphs_5-10.3B_Pages_3-4| “1870-71 Annual Report for Indian Railways for the Carnatic Railway“]] gives the 19 miles(30.5km) of line opened as 3 feet 3 3/8 inches which is metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]), with 100 miles (161 km) sanctioned and 81 miles(130.5km) to be finished’. The Report also details the [[1870-71_Report_on_Railways#Carnatic_Railway._Paragraph_81.3B_Page_37|‘progress of the railway and the commercial summery’]] - ''see separate pages for Report details.'' The Contract also specified that the Company shall undertake the construction of an BG ‘Extension Line’ from [[Conjeeveram]] to [[Cuddalore]]. <br>''It is clear that this “Extension Line” was not constructed by the ‘Carnaic Railway Company’''. It was not until 1881 when the ‘[[South Indian Railway]]’ (SIR] opened the extension from [[Conjeeveram]] to [[Chingleput|Chingleput Junction]] ''(see ‘Later Developments - 1881’ below)''. ==Later Developments==*1872 the ‘Carnatic Railway’ merged with the ‘[[Great Southern of India Railway]]’. The background to this is fully explained in the record “Amalgamation of the Great Southern and Carnatic Railway Companies” <ref> IOR/L/PWD/5 “Amalgamation of the Great Southern and Carnatic Railway Companies”</ref>, this record has been transcribed by FIBIS.*1874, the merged companies were renamed the ‘[[South Indian Railway]]’(SIR).*1878, the ‘[[Arakkonam-Conjeevaram Tramway| ‘Arkonam-Conjeeveram Line’]] was converted in July 1878 to metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) as part of the SIR Metre Gauge systemwas adopted and the line was converted once again to [[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]] <ref name=Adminp138>[https://archive.org/stream/BombayBarodaAndCentralIndiaRailwaySystem/Bombay_Baroda_And_Central_India_Railway_System#page/n146/mode/1up “Administration Report on Railways1918” page 138 (pdf146) ]; Retrieved 30 Mar 2018</ref>. *1881, The SIR cextended the line as a metre gauge([[Rail_gauge_#Metre_Gauge|MG]]) from[[Conjeeveram| Conjeeveram ''(now named Kanchipuram'')]] in stages reaching [[Chingleput|Chingleput Junction]] in Jan 1881 forming the ‘SIR Arkonum MG Branch’. At [[Chingleput|Chingleput Junction]] the line joined the ‘SIR MG Mainline’ which had opened in 1876-77 <ref name=Adminp138/>, thus connecting throgh to [[Cuddalore]].
==Records==An on-line search of the IOR records relating to this railway<ref>[http://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?vid=IAMS_VU2 British Library “British Library Archives and Manuscripts Catalogue” - Search]; Retrieved 20 Jan 2016</ref> gives 7 references. The most important being:- *'''L/F/8/11/874 'Carnatic '' “Carnatic RailwayCompany, Duplicate contract Secretary of State; 1870” *'''L/PWD/5/3 '''“Public Works 'Old Series' (CRCollections) was formed in 1870 to acquire the lines , Coll 15, Amalgamation of the [[Indian Tramway]] Company which was in liquidation. The CR was able to secure a 5% guarantee from the Government of India. Great Southern and Carnatic Railway Cos, 1869-1874”
==Personnel==
Unfortunately, there are no ‘Carnatic Railway’ staff records held in the [[India Office Records]] at the [[British Library]].
See '''South Indian Railway''' for period after 1874
== Records References ==<references />
