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Artillery elephants

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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150319050741/http://www.lib.lsu.edu/special/exhibits/e-exhibits/india/px2d10.jpg "An Artillery Elephant on Duty"], hand-coloured lithograph by Captain C. Gold; 1799 from [https://web.archive.org/web/20150128013125/http://www.lib.lsu.edu/special/exhibits/e-exhibits/india/chap2.htm British Voices from South Asia] Louisiana State University, now archived webpages.
*[https://collection.nam.ac.uk/detail.php?acc=1956-08-6-17 An elephant pulling a field gun, 1858] Photograph by Felice Beato NAM. 1956-08-6-17. National Army Museum. Previously elsewhere identified as a Royal Artillery elephant battery at Lucknow<ref>''Victoria's Wars'', page 26 by Ian Frederick William Beckett 1998 previously available online on Google Books, now unavailable online.</ref>
*[https://repository.library.brown.edu/studio/item/bdr:234081/ Charcoal and watercolor drawing: "Indian elephant artillery battery, c. 1860"] by George Bryant Campion. Brown Digital Repository. Brown University Library.
*[http://www.flickr.com/photos/13305961@N00/3907822106/in/photostream Drawing of "Peshawur Mountain train in the line of March 1877"], showing guns loaded on the elephants' backs. flickr.com
*[https://www.britishbattles.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/12/16-Elephant-battery.jpg Drawing: Royal Artillery Elephant Battery: Battle of Charasiab] from [http://www.britishbattles.com/second-afghan-war/charasiab.htm "The Battle of Charasiab"] 6th October 1879, [[2nd Afghan War]] (scroll down) Britishbattles.com
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20150925230931/http://www.corbisimages.com/stock-photo/rights-managed/HU052533/elephant-battery Photograph of "Elephant Battery Gwalior c 1935"] Heavy artillery is transported to a hill station by a team of Indian elephants. Corbis Images, now an archived webpage, Gwalior was a [[Princely states|Princely State]]
* An elephant battery: [http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/kt158026wp Photograph 1] and [http://ark.cdlib.org/ark:/13030/kt2n39r2zq photograph 2] from [http://content.cdlib.org/search?facet=type-tab&relation=calisphere.universityofcalifornia.edu&style=cui&keyword=Military+elephants+india&x=35&y=12 a group of photographs, University of California]. Identified as a British Heavy Battery of around 1895, refer [[Artillery elephants#External links|External links]] below.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20200825055742if_/https://www.abebooks.com/Royal-Artillery-Eastern-Division-Campbellpore-Circa/12032399242/bd#&gid=1&pid=1 Photograph: Royal Artillery, No 12 Eastern Division at Campbellpore, Circa 1895, Showing the Heavy Guns Pulled By Pairs of Elephants], archived webpage.
*[https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:40_Pounder_RML_-_Elephant_battery,_1900.jpg 40 Pounder Rifled Muzzle Loading (RML) gun of a Royal Artillery elephant battery, India]. From the ''Navy and Army Illustrated'', published 1900. wikimedia.org
*[https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-british-indian-army-royal-artillery-elephant-unit-about-1905-88275985.html British Indian Army: Royal Artillery elephant unit about 1905] and [https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-british-indian-army-members-of-a-royal-artillery-elephant-battery-88275983.html British Indian Army: Members of a Royal Artillery elephant battery about 1905] alamy.com
 
==Historical books online==
*This [http://books.google.com/books?id=V50bAQAAIAAJ&pg=PA451 extract] includes wording from a 1784 book<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=YncIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA239 ''The History of Ayder Ali Khan, Nabob-Bahader: or, New Memoirs Concerning the East Indies. Volume 1''], page 239 by M. M. D. L. T. 1784 Google Books</ref> and refers to the skill of the elephants in the Army of Hyder Ali. "It can hardly be imagined how useful these elephants are, nor with what skill and intelligence they do their work". "Baggage of the Indian Army" ''Calcutta Review, Volume 11 January-June 1849'', page 445
*"Notes on Elephants and their Transport by Railway" by Capt H Wilberforce Clarke RE from ''Professional Papers on Indian Engineering Second Series Volume 8'' 1879 [http://www.archive.org/stream/professionalpap02brangoog#page/n321/mode/1up "Notes on Elephants"], page 243 [http://www.archive.org/stream/professionalpap02brangoog#page/n369/mode/1up "Report on the Transportation of Elephants by Railway"], page 289
*[http://www.archive.org/stream/cu31924000918486#page/n37/mode/2up "The Elephant as used in modern Armies"], page xxvi (Introduction) ''A manual of the diseases of the elephant and of his management and uses'' by John Henry Steel 1885 Archive.org
*This [httphttps://booksarchive.google.comorg/details/ChotaNagpur/page/n327/mode/books1up?id=W0x74TZB3eoC&lpg=PA200&dqq=elephant%20battery&pg=PA200 linkpage] advises an elephant battery at Jhansi was abolished c 1903, and the elephants sold. ''Chota Nagpur, a little-known province of the empire'', page 200 251 by Francis Bradley Bradley-Birt, 2nd edition 1910, first published 1903, Google Books. Archive.org.
*[https://archive.org/stream/cu31924000361455#page/n199/mode/2up "Chapter XII Elephants"] page 157 ''Army Veterinary Service in War'' by Major-General Sir John Moore AVS 1921 Archive.org
*An elephant story ''Toomai of the Elephants'' from ''The Jungle Book '' may be read online from the page [[Rudyard Kipling#Historical books online|Rudyard Kipling]]. The story is set at the conclusion of the annual hunt for wild elephants, for the Government of India.
==External links==
*[http://7fd-regt-raa-association.com/Documents/UK%20Artlillery%20terms%20and%20abbreviations.doc Glossary of Royal Artillery. Terms and Abbreviations (Historical and Modern) by Philip Jobson]. Includes the entry 'Bail Battery'. These were Heavy Batteries in India in the 1890's comprised of Elephant drawn guns. "At the beginning ot the 20th Century, with the introduction of Breech-Loading guns for the Heavy Batteries, the Elephants and Bullocks were replaced with teams of eight heavy horses" 7fd-regt-raa-association.com. Note, this is a download, and depending on your browser, you may need to locate in your downloads folder.
*[https://sites.google.com/site/elephantartillery/ Elephant Artillery] sites.google.com "The Elephant Batteries were also known as Bail Batteries, Bail being the Hindustani for oxen"
*Victorian Wars Forum thread<ref>Frogsmile. [https://web.archive.org/web/20131114125457/http://www.victorianwars.com/viewtopic.php?f=19&t=6181 Identify details: photos of artillery elephants, India] ''Victorian Wars Forum'' 29 October 2011, now archived. </ref> by Frogsmile which dates and identifies two photographs (refer [[Artillery elephants#Photographs and drawings|above]]) and provides much additional information about elephant batteries.
*[http://www.kipling.org.uk/rg_majservants_heavies.htm "Heavy Batteries in India"] by Lt-Col Roger Ayers www.kipling.org.uk
*[http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2021%20No%206/otherstories.html#story1 Bringing up elephants: 1812 book in the Saraswati Mahal Library] by Pradeep Chakravarthy ''Madras Musings'' Vol. XXI No. 6, July 1-15, 2011
*[http://madrasmusings.com/Vol%2022%20No%204/elephants-over-the-centuries.html Elephants over the centuries] by A. Raman ''Madras Musings'' Vol. XXII No. 4, June 1-15, 2012
*Catalogue entry Liddell Hart Military Archives King’s College London [httphttps://www.kingscollections.org/catalogues/lhcma/collection/a-eb/bl65-001 ?searchterms=Block%2C+Col+Arthur+Hugh+1859-1931 Block, Col Arthur Hugh (1859-1931)] Four copy photographs of 9 Western Div (Heavy Bde) and 72 Company (Heavy Bde), Royal Garrison Artillery, in India, showing elephant battery manoeuvres and parade, 1898-1900. Reference code GB0099 KCLMA Block. kingscollections.org. Note the photographs are not available online.
*Newspaper article [http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/74479020 "Elephant Artillery. The Most Curious Corps In The British Army"].''The Colac Herald Friday 25 June 1915'' trove.nla.gov.au
*[http://www.cbi-theater.com/elephants/elephants.html "Elephants at war"], by Philip Wynter ''Life'' April 10, 1944. In Burma, World War 2 from [http://www.cbi-theater.com/menu/cbi_home.html "China - Burma - India: Remembering the Forgotten Theater of World War II"]
*[https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/mgzs/77/1/article-p37.xml "War Elephants and Early Tanks: A Transepochal Comparison of Ancient and Modern Warfare"] by Alaric Searle. ''Militärgeschichtliche Zeitschrift'' Volume 77: Issue 1 2018. degruyter.com
==References==

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